Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi mainly characterized by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci. Freshwater ...Sordariomycetes play an important role in ecosystems and some of them have the potential to produce bioactive compounds. This study documents and reviews the freshwater Sordariomycetes, which is one of the largest and important groups of fungi in aquatic habitats. Based on evidence from DNA sequence data and morphology, we introduce a new order Distoseptisporales, two new families, viz. Ceratosphaeriaceae and Triadelphiaceae, three new genera, viz.
Aquafiliformis
,
Dematiosporium
and
Neospadicoides
, 47 new species, viz.
Acrodictys fluminicola
,
Aquafiliformis lignicola
,
Aquapteridospora fusiformis
,
Arthrinium aquaticum
,
Ascosacculus fusiformis
,
Atractospora aquatica
,
Barbatosphaeria lignicola
,
Ceratosphaeria aquatica
,
C. lignicola
,
Chaetosphaeria aquatica
,
Ch. catenulata
,
Ch. guttulata
,
Ch. submersa
,
Codinaea yunnanensis
,
Conioscypha aquatica
,
C. submersa
,
Cordana aquatica
,
C. lignicola
,
Cosmospora aquatica
,
Cylindrotrichum submersum
,
Dematiosporium aquaticum
,
Dictyochaeta cangshanensis
,
D. ellipsoidea
,
D. lignicola
,
D. submersa
,
Distoseptispora appendiculata
,
D. lignicola
,
D. neorostrata
,
D. obclavata
,
Hypoxylon lignicola
,
Lepteutypa aquatica
,
Myrmecridium aquaticum
,
Neospadicoides aquatica
,
N. lignicola
,
N. yunnanensis
,
Ophioceras submersum
,
Peroneutypa lignicola
,
Phaeoisaria filiformis
,
Pseudostanjehughesia lignicola
,
Rhodoveronaea aquatica
,
Seiridium aquaticum
,
Sporidesmiella aquatica
,
Sporidesmium lageniforme
,
S. lignicola
,
Tainosphaeria lunata
,
T. obclavata
,
Wongia aquatica
, two new combinations, viz.
Acrodictys aquatica
,
Cylindrotrichum aquaticum
, and 9 new records, viz.
Chaetomium globosum
,
Chaetosphaeria cubensis
,
Ch. myriocarpa
,
Cordana abramovii
,
Co. terrestris
,
Cuspidatispora xiphiago
,
Sporidesmiella hyalosperma
,
Stachybotrys chartarum
,
S. chlorohalonata
. A comprehensive classification of the freshwater Sordariomycetes is presented based on updated literature. Phylogenetic inferences based on DNA sequence analyses of a combined LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF1α dataset comprising species of freshwater Sordariomycetes are provided. Detailed information including their habitats distribution, diversity, holotype, specimens collected and classification are provided.
The global diversity of fungi has been estimated using several different approaches. There is somewhere between 2–11 million estimated species, but the number of formally described taxa is around ...150,000, a tiny fraction of the total. In this paper, we examine 12 ascomycete genera as case studies to establish trends in fungal species descriptions, and introduce new species in each genus. To highlight the importance of traditional morpho-molecular methods in publishing new species, we introduce novel taxa in 12 genera that are considered to have low species discovery. We discuss whether the species are likely to be rare or due to a lack of extensive sampling and classification. The genera are
Apiospora
,
Bambusicola
,
Beltrania
,
Capronia
,
Distoseptispora
,
Endocalyx
,
Neocatenulostroma
,
Neodeightonia
,
Paraconiothyrium
,
Peroneutypa
,
Phaeoacremonium
and
Vanakripa
. We discuss host-specificity in selected genera and compare the number of species epithets in each genus with the number of ITS (barcode) sequences deposited in GenBank and UNITE. We furthermore discuss the relationship between the divergence times of these genera with those of their hosts. We hypothesize whether there might be more species in these genera and discuss hosts and habitats that should be investigated for novel species discovery.
Freshwater Dothideomycetes Dong, Wei; Wang, Bin; Hyde, Kevin D. ...
Fungal diversity,
11/2020, Letnik:
105, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Freshwater Dothideomycetes are a highly diverse group of fungi, which are mostly saprobic in freshwater habitats worldwide. They are important decomposers of submerged woody debris and leaves in ...water. In this paper, we outline the genera of freshwater Dothideomycetes with notes and keys to species. Based on multigene analyses and morphology, we introduce nine new genera,
viz
.
Aquimassariosphaeria
,
Aquatospora
,
Aquihelicascus
,
Fusiformiseptata
,
Neohelicascus
,
Neojahnula
,
Pseudojahnula
,
Purpureofaciens
,
Submersispora
; 33 new species,
viz
.
Acrocalymma bipolare
,
Aquimassariosphaeria kunmingensis
,
Aquatospora cylindrica
,
Aquihelicascus songkhlaensis
,
A. yunnanensis
,
Ascagilis submersa
,
A. thailandensis
,
Bambusicola aquatica
,
Caryospora submersa
,
Dictyocheirospora thailandica
,
Fusiformiseptata crocea
,
Helicosporium thailandense
,
Hongkongmyces aquaticus
,
Lentistoma aquaticum
,
Lentithecium kunmingense
,
Lindgomyces aquaticus
,
Longipedicellata aquatica
,
Neohelicascus submersus
,
Neohelicomyces dehongensis
,
N. thailandicus
,
Neohelicosporium submersum
,
Nigrograna aquatica
,
Occultibambusa kunmingensis
,
Parabambusicola aquatica
,
Pseudoasteromassaria aquatica
,
Pseudoastrosphaeriella aquatica
,
Pseudoxylomyces aquaticus
,
Purpureofaciens aquatica
,
Roussoella aquatica
,
Shrungabeeja aquatica
,
Submersispora variabilis
,
Tetraploa puzheheiensis
,
T. yunnanensis
; 16 new combinations, viz.
Aquimassariosphaeria typhicola
,
Aquihelicascus thalassioideus
,
Ascagilis guttulaspora
,
A. queenslandica
,
A. seychellensis
,
A. sunyatsenii
,
Ernakulamia xishuangbannaensis
,
Neohelicascus aquaticus
,
N. chiangraiensis
,
N. egyptiacus
,
N. elaterascus
,
N. gallicus
,
N. unilocularis
,
N. uniseptatus
,
Neojahnula australiensis
,
Pseudojahnula potamophila
; 17 new geographical and habitat records, viz.
Aliquandostipite khaoyaiensis
,
Aquastroma magniostiolata
,
Caryospora aquatica
,
C. quercus
,
Dendryphiella vinosa
,
Ernakulamia cochinensis
,
Fissuroma neoaggregatum
,
Helicotruncatum palmigenum
,
Jahnula rostrata
,
Neoroussoella bambusae
,
N. leucaenae
,
Occultibambusa pustula
,
Paramonodictys solitarius
,
Pleopunctum pseudoellipsoideum
,
Pseudocapulatispora longiappendiculata
,
Seriascoma didymosporum
,
Shrungabeeja vadirajensis
and ten new collections from China and Thailand, viz.
Amniculicola guttulata
,
Aquaphila albicans
,
Berkleasmium latisporum
,
Clohesyomyces aquaticus
,
Dictyocheirospora rotunda
,
Flabellascoma fusiforme
,
Pseudoastrosphaeriella bambusae
,
Pseudoxylomyces elegans
,
Tubeufia aquatica
and
T. cylindrothecia
.
Dendryphiella phitsanulokensis
and
Tubeufia roseohelicospora
are synonymized with
D. vinosa
and
T. tectonae
, respectively. Six orders, 43 families and 145 genera which belong to freshwater Dothideomycetes are reviewed. Of these, 46 genera occur exclusively in freshwater habitats. A world map illustrates the distribution of freshwater Dothideomycetes.
This study deals with an extensive taxonomic reevaluation focusing on phylogenetic relationships and morphological characterization of Tubeufiales, especially those helicosporous hyphomycetes which ...are difficult to identify. Based on evidence from DNA sequence data and morphology, we introduce 13 new genera in the family Tubeufiaceae,
viz. Acanthotubeufia
,
Dematiohelicoma
,
Dematiohelicomyces
,
Dematiohelicosporum
,
Dematiotubeufia
,
Helicoarctatus
,
Helicohyalinum
,
Helicotruncatum
,
Neochlamydotubeufia
,
Neohelicoma
,
Pleurohelicosporium
,
Pseudohelicomyces
and
Pseudohelicoon
; transfer
Chaetosphaerulina
from Dothideomycetes genera
incertae sedis
, and
Artocarpomyces
and
Helicodochium
from Ascomycetes genera
incertae sedis
into Tubeufiaceae; introduce 52 new species,
viz. Berkleasmium fusiforme
,
B. longisporum
,
Chlamydotubeufia cylindrica
,
Dematiohelicosporum guttulatum
,
Helicoarctatus aquaticus
,
Helicodochium aquaticum
,
Helicohyalinum infundibulum
,
Helicoma aquaticum
,
H. brunneisporum
,
H. cocois
,
H. rufum
,
H. fusiforme
,
H. longisporum
,
H. multiseptatum
,
H. rubriappendiculatum
,
H. septoconstrictum
,
H. tectonae
,
Helicomyces hyalosporus
,
Helicosporium aquaticum
,
H. flavisporum
,
H. setiferum
,
H. vesicarium
,
H. viridiflavum
,
Neochlamydotubeufia fusiformis
,
Neohelicomyces hyalosporus
,
Neohelicosporium acrogenisporum
,
N. astrictum
,
N. ellipsoideum
,
N. irregulare
,
N. krabiense
,
N. laxisporum
,
N. ovoideum
,
Pleurohelicosporium parvisporum
,
Pseudohelicomyces aquaticus
,
P. hyalosporus
,
Tubeufia abundata
,
T. bambusicola
,
T. brevis
,
T. brunnea
,
T. chlamydospora
,
T. dictyospora
,
T. eccentrica
,
T. fangchengensis
,
T. hechiensis
,
T. inaequalis
,
T. krabiensis
,
T. rubra
,
T. sessilis
,
T. sympodihylospora
,
T. sympodilaxispora
,
T. taiwanensis
and
T. tratensis
; provide 43 new combinations,
viz. Acanthohelicospora guianensis
,
Acanthotubeufia filiforme
,
Berkleasmium aquatica
,
B. guangxiense
,
B. latisporum
,
B. thailandicum
,
Dematiohelicoma perelegans
,
D. pulchrum
,
Dematiohelicomyces helicosporus
,
Dematiotubeufia chiangraiensis
,
Helicohyalinum aquaticum
,
Helicoma elinorae
,
H. gigasporum
,
H. hongkongense
,
H. linderi
,
H. nematosporum
,
H. pannosum
,
H. serpentinum
,
Helicomyces chiayiensis
,
Helicotruncatum palmigenum
,
Neochlamydotubeufia khunkornensis
,
Neohelicoma fagacearum
,
Neohelicomyces pallidus
,
Neohelicosporium abuense
,
N. aurantiellum
,
N. griseum
,
N. morganii
,
N. myrtacearum
,
N. nizamabadense
,
N. sympodiophorum
,
N. taiwanense
,
N. vesiculiferum
,
Pseudohelicomyces indicus
,
P. paludosus
,
P. talbotii
,
Pseudohelicoon gigantisporum
,
P. subglobosum
,
Tubeufia dentophora
,
T. geniculata
,
T. lilliputea
,
T. machaerinae
,
T. sympodiophora
and
T. xylophila
; introduce 16 new records,
viz. Dictyospora thailandica
,
Helicomyces colligatus
,
H. torquatus
,
Neohelicosporium guangxiense
,
N. hyalosporum
,
N. parvisporum
,
Thaxteriellopsis lignicola
,
Tubeufia aquatica
,
T. chiangmaiensis
,
T. cylindrothecia
,
T. filiformis
,
T. guangxiensis
,
T. laxispora
,
T. parvispora
,
T. roseohelicospora
and
T. tectonae
. The taxonomy of
Helicoma
,
Helicomyces
and
Helicosporium
is revisited based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological evidence.
Neorhamphoria
is transferred to Bezerromycetaceae. Three species are excluded from the genus
Chlamydotubeufia
, twelve species from
Helicoma
, four species from
Helicomyces
, 25 species from
Helicosporium
, six species from
Neoacanthostigma
and one species from
Tubeufia
. A multi-gene phylogenetic tree based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TEF1α sequence data of species of Tubeufiales is provided. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided, as well as the morphological comparison with similar taxa are explored. The checklist of accepted Tubeufiales species and re-organised Tubeufiales species are provided.
Coelomycete is a general term used for asexual fungi which produce conidia in fruiting bodies: pycnidial, acervular, cupulate, pycnothyria or stromatic conidiomata. The group contains numerous plant ...pathogenic, saprobic and endophytic species associated with a wide range of hosts. Traditionally, morphological characters and host associations have been used as criteria to identify and classify coelomycetes, and this has resulted in a poor understanding of their generic and species boundaries. DNA based taxonomic studies have provided a better outlook of the phylogenetic and evolutionary trends in coelomycetes. However, the present outcomes represent only a preliminary step towards the understanding of coelomycetes. Many genera have not been revisited since they were first described. The present study revises the classification of the hyaline-spored coelomycetes and provides a modern taxonomic framework based on both morphology and phylogeny. In total, 248 genera were investigated, of which less than 100 are known to have sequence data. Multi-locus sequence data analyses of 28S nrDNA, 18S nrDNA, ITS, RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (
rpb2
), and part of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (
tef1
) and β-tubulin (
tub2
) gene regions were analysed. As a result, three new genera and 23 new species are introduced. In addition, three new links between sexual and asexual genera are provided. There are 138 genera that lack sequence data, and these are treated as Ascomycota, genera
incertae sedis
. Line drawings and descriptions are provided based on the examination of types and fresh collections and on the literature.
Freshwater fungal numbers Calabon, Mark S.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Jones, E. B. Gareth ...
Fungal diversity,
05/2022, Letnik:
114, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A comprehensive account of fungal classification from freshwater habitats is outlined and discussed in the present review based on literature of biodiversity studies and recent morpho-phylogenetic ...analyses. A total of 3,870 freshwater fungal species are listed with additional details on the isolation source, habitat, geographical distribution, and molecular data. The Ascomycota (2,968 species, 1,018 genera) dominated the freshwater fungal taxa wherein Sordariomycetes (823 species, 298 genera) had the largest number, followed by Dothideomycetes (677 species, 229 genera), Eurotiomycetes (276 species, 49 genera), and Leotiomycetes (260 species, 83 genera). Other phyla included in the updated classification of freshwater fungi are: Chytridiomycota (333 species, 97 genera), Rozellomycota (221 species, 105 genera), Basidiomycota (218 species, 100 genera), Blastocladiomycota (47 species, 10 genera), Monoblepharomycota (29 species, 6 genera), Mucoromycota (19 species, 10 genera), Aphelidiomycota (15 species, 3 genera), Entomophthoromycota (6 species, 4 genera), Mortierellomycota (5 species, 3 genera), Olpidiomycota (4 species, 1 genus), Zoopagomycota (3 species, 2 genera), and Sanchytriomycota (2 species, 2 genera). The freshwater fungi belong to 1,361 genera, 386 families and 145 orders. The Pleosporales and Laboulbeniaceae are the largest freshwater fungal order and family comprised of 391 and 185 species, respectively. The most speciose genera are
Chitonomyces
(87, Laboulbeniomycetes),
Verrucaria
(50, Eurotiomycetes),
Rhizophydium
(52, Rhizophydiomycetes),
Penicillium
(47, Eurotiomycetes), and
Candida
(42, Saccharomycetes).
Ganoderma
is a globally distributed genus that encompasses species with forestry ecological, medicinal, economic, and cultural importance. Despite the importance of this fungus, the studies on the ...species diversity of
Ganoderma
in Yunnan Province, China (YPC) have poorly been carried out. During this study, opportunistic sampling was used to collect 21 specimens of
Ganoderma
from YPC. Morphology and multigene phylogeny of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nrLSU), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1-α), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) were used to identify them. Morphological and molecular characterization of the 21 specimens showed that they belong to 18 species of
Ganoderma
, of which three are novel
viz. G. artocarpicola
,
G. obscuratum
and
G. yunnanense
.
Ganoderma artocarpicola
is characterized by the sessile and concrescent basidiomata, reddish brown to yellowish brown pileus surface, heterogeneous context, wavy margin, and ovoid basidiospores.
Ganoderma obscuratum
is distinguished by small pores (6–9 per mm), dorsolaterally sub-stipitate basidiomata which become greyish-brown when dry, and narrow ellipsoid basidiospores.
Ganoderma yunnanense
is characterized by cream color pore surface and context, centrally to laterally stipitate basidiomata with reddish-brown to violet-brown strongly laccate pileus surface, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores. With the help of an extensive literature survey and the results of this study, a checklist of 32
Ganoderma
species from YPC was established, which accounts for 71.11% of the known species in China. In addition, a key to the
Ganoderma
in YPC is also provided.
Yunnan Province is one of the rich biodiversity hotspots with abundant resources of lignicolous freshwater fungi. A total of 281 species of lignicolous freshwater fungi from 1986 to the present in ...Yunnan Province. They are mostly distributed in the classes Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes, a few species in the Eurotiomycetes and Leotiomycetes, and rarely reported in Orbiliomycetes and Pezizomycetes. Lignicolous freshwater fungi can decompose lignocellulose substrates and release energy and nutrients, and thus playing an important role in freshwater environment. This study briefly reviewed the biodiversity and taxonomic status of lignicolous freshwater fungi in Yunnan, the ecological functions of lignicolous freshwater fungi, factors affecting community distribution, application status, and research difficulties.
Freshwater hyphomycetes are a highly diverse group of fungi with a worldwide distribution and have been mostly reported from tropical and subtropical regions. During investigations of freshwater ...fungi from the Greater Mekong subregion in China and Thailand, sixteen freshwater hyphomycetes (three of them belong to the class Dothideomycetes while thirteen belong to the class Sordariomycetes) were collected. Based on morphology and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, Neospadicoides thailandica, Pseudodactylaria aquatica, Sporidesmium nujiangense, Tetraploa thailandica, Vamsapriyaaquatica and Wongia fusiformis are described as new species; Aquapteridospora bambusinum is proposed as a new combination; Acrodictys liputii, Chloridium gonytrichii, Pseudoberkleasmium chiangmaiense, Pleomonodictys capensis, Sporidesmium aturbinatum and Vamsapriya indica are reported as new country records; and Sporidesmium tropicale, Sporoschisma chiangraiense and Sporoschisma longicatenatum are introduced as three new collections. In addition, a checklist of freshwater fungi from China over the last five years is also provided.
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