The paper extracts the characteristics of craftsperson's employment system for porcelain production in Jjingdezhen by literature study and field survey. The following are the findings: 1. The ...porcelain production in Jjingdezhen today is based on the division of labor restored by the traditional hand-made work studios after 50 years of absence during the period of machine-made mass production. 2. Each studio centered by the owner and kiln holder performs the specialized activities in each production process, which are to be closely geared to the complete porcelain production. 3. The deliberately established employment system supports the porcelain industry which has been developed and inherited over 2000 years. It has been infiltrated not only in the management and trading, but also in the culture of living and family bond and been accepted naturally by the local people. 4. The specialized employment system, as opposed to the mechanized mass production in the rest of the world, is unique in light that it stopped the downfall of Jingdezhen.
CHINESE FOLK BESIGN "NIAN HUA" LIU, Yang; MIYAZAKI, Kiyoshi
Bulletin of Japanese Society for the Science of Design,
2003, Letnik:
49, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Nian Hua (Spring Festival pictures for the Lunar New Year), which had been an indispensable part of Chinese everyday life, is a gem in the treasure trove of the traditional cultures created by the ...common people in the long process of history. This research was carried out to examine the inheritance and revitalization of China's disappearing folk culture and modernization through the analysis of China's folk art, Nian Hua, as well as to rediscover and reassess its value. In conclusion, Nian Hua can be understood as follows: Nian Hua is the concentrate and sublimate of the common people's life. Nian Hua is the mirror of common people's life. It contains people's joys and sorrows in their life, reflects people's enthusiasm for a bright prospects in their life; what is more, expresses people's eagerness for sublimating the life and nature, shows people's pursuit for the perfect harmony between man and nature. Looking at the environmental condition of the earth today, "harmonious coexistence with nature" that the people of China have hoped for through nian hua is truly a universal theme. From this perspective, it is necessary for us to re-assess nian hua culture.
A devastating earthquake struck Taiwan on September 21, 1999. In addition to recovering residences, public facilities and hearts of the general public after the quake, reconstruction of the community ...industry was also conducted via community building in certain communities. Practical cases of implementing community economic reconstruction by community empowerment in the reconstruction areas were studied in this research for the analysis model of community industry reconstruction. Three cases in Taomi Neighborhood, Puli Township, Dayan Village, Yuchih Township and Sheliao Neighborhood, Jhushan Township in Nantou County were studied. Investigations of the local community industry reconstruction process in the cases found that there were three important dimensions during the process of recovering community industry, which were assistance from non-profit organizations, resources provided by the government and operation of the institutions for promoting community-based businesses. Assistance from non-profit organizations can be divided into four models, including problem arrangement, promotion actions, motivating autonomy and cooperative production. Governmental resources are divided into four models of short-term local employment, subsidies for community industry reconstruction plans, execution of public works and authorization of collaborative teamwork. Operation of the institutions promoting community-based businesses consists of organizational competition, organizational integration and organizational attachment. However, reconstruction of the community industry varies under different circumstances and adjustment may be required in consideration of the community residents and organizational individual differences.
In this paper we formulate 5 ideas for tourist development of Sanpoku-machi area in Niigata prefecture: (l)to value daily life in the 48 villages as the main regional development resource, (2) ...regional development by division of daily life at Sanpoku-machi, (3) regional development with a role for each individual in the villages, (4)regional development to enjoy the encounter with nature as a source of life ,(5) regional development inspired by hometown's wisdom and tradition. Furthermore we consider some aspects of an endogeneous regional development based on the practice of those ideas. The results clarified that the regional development planning in Sanpoku-machi has the following endogeneous aspects: (1) it is oriented in`what to design', (2) it is based on townspeople ideas, (3) it has the will to make full use of all resources, (4) it is oriented toward setting a great value on daily life, (5) it is oriented to connect all towns-people.
The 21st Century is called a ”Century of Tourism” worldwide. National development through tourism is also intended in Japan. Tourism development attracts attention all over the country, and becomes ...one of the main means of regional promotion in many municipalities.This study describes the importance of rediscovery and recognition of regional resources from the viewpoint of endogenous development theory. It suggests that tourism development, which is based on the maximal utilization of regional resources, can become a great opportunity to improve local residents' endogenous and autonomous intention and promote regional endogenous development.
We previously used heavy-ion beam irradiation to generate a self- incompatible mutant of Verbenaxhybrida 'Temari Coral Pink' (SC), which exhibits a late-acting self-incompatibility system. In the ...present study, the behavior of pollen tubes and seed productivity after self-pollination were comparatively investigated in SC and wild species Verbena peruviana (VP), one of the parental species of Verbenaxhybrida. Although reciprocal cross- pollination between VP and SC produced seeds with high frequencies, namely 57.1% for SCxVP and 59.7% for VPxSC, self-pollinated VP flowers produced no seeds. In the latter, almost all of the pollen germinated on the stigma, but further growth of the pollen tube was inhibited at the upper part of the style. These observations of pollen tube behavior may indicate that the SI system of VP was different from that of SC. VP may possess a homomorphic gametophytic SI system, which is characterized by the inhibition of pollen tube growth at style. We propose a set of SC and VP as a novel model plants for genetic analysis of the SI mechanism in the Verbenaceae family.
The purpose of this research is to study and suggest an activation proposal for the Regional Design Innovation Center established as a national design policy in South Korea. For this proposal, the ...established process of Regional Design Innovation Center needs to be researched and the present condition of Regional Design Innovation Center is analyzed for the promoting plan. As a result, three basic elements to activate the local design center must be established. The first is the grasp of local characteristics and the establishment of operation directions. The second is the recognition of the necessity for the local design innovation center and support system, and the third is the establishment based on the recognition of design necessity from the local residences and industries. For the promotion of the local design innovation center, the efforts of the roles and function must be required innovatively and continually to activate the local design innovation centers. In order to promote the local design innovation centers, the following innovations are recommended: 1) Adequate design support for the local industries. 2) The development of various design programs with the purpose of public enlightenment and recognition of design. 3) The establishment of plans to support established facilities and expensive equipment that is available to local design consultancies and small businesses. 4) The construction of infrastructure relating to design information and offered to the local community. 5) The development of collaborative programs between industries, institutes, and organizations. 6) The positive participation in the development of local characteristics and local image improvement projects to enhance the community.
A 38-year-old man presented with untreated congenital kyphosis associated with progressive spastic gait. To prevent progression of the spastic paralysis, rigid correction of the severe spinal ...deformity arising from the congenital kyphosis was performed by one-stage posterior closing-wedge osteotomy, without occurrence of neurological complications. Progression of the paralysis has not been identified for 30 months after the operation and a slight improvement in gait was recognized. The current case is categorized as type I deformity of congenital kyphosis in the upper thoracic spine, which is normally treated surgically before the adolescent growth phase begins.
This paper analyzes the attributes of the printed advertisement during the period between the Opium War and the Chinese economic reform and attempts to extract the essence of "interactive ...communication by advertisement." The main findings are as follows: The printed advertisement (1) contains a basic function such as diffusion of knowledge and information on living, materials and services, (2) makes people awake toward the culture of living through the messages and design contained, (3) provides the people with an opportunity to contemplate and pursue the new values to the culture of living, (4) is anchored on ordinary people, who accept and share the posed social issues on the inheritance and promotion of the traditional culture, as well as on the new development of the culture of living, and (5) gives rise to the shared lifestyles and values among the concerned people and stabilizes and innovates the basis of the culture of living in the concerned region and society.
PDF
