Lithium metal is the only anode material that can enable the Li−O2 battery to realize its high theoretical energy density (≈3500 Wh kg−1). However, the inherent uncontrolled dendrite growth and ...serious corrosion limitations of lithium metal anodes make it experience fast degradation and impede the practical application of Li−O2 batteries. Herein, a multifunctional complementary LiF/F‐doped carbon gradient protection layer on a lithium metal anode by one‐step in situ reaction of molten Li with poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) is developed. The abundant strong polar C‐F bonds in the upper carbon can not only act as Li+ capture site to pre‐uniform Li+ flux but also regulate the electron configuration of LiF to make Li+ quasi‐spontaneously diffuse from carbon to LiF surface, avoiding the strong Li+‐adhesion‐induced Li aggregation. For LiF, it can behave as fast Li+ conductor and homogenize the nucleation sites on lithium, as well as ensure firm connection with lithium. As a result, this well‐designed protection layer endows the Li metal anode with dendrite‐free plating/stripping and anticorrosion behavior both in ether‐based and carbonate ester‐based electrolytes. Even applied protected Li anodes in Li−O2 batteries, its superiority can still be maintained, making the cell achieve stable cycling performance (180 cycles).
A gradient LiF/F‐doped carbon protection layer with synergistic functions of homogenizing Li+ flux, fast Li+ diffusion ability, and low Li+ diffusion barrier is prepared by a one‐step in situ reaction to solve the challenges relating to unstable lithium anode in Li–O2 batteries, and, as a result, significantly boost the cycling stability of the Li–O2 batteries.
ABSTRACT Introduction The problem of obesity is relevant to the current social development model. In addition to the eminent physical health risks, obese university students also experience greater ...resistance to social development. Obese students participating in the national weight loss fitness program can perceive the benefits of aerobic exercise. Objective Explore the effect of aerobic exercise on body morphology in obese university students. Methods 60 obese university students were selected as study subjects and divided equally into a control and experimental group. The control group received no intervention, while the experimental group performed a battery of aerobic exercises of 60 minutes daily, four times a week for six weeks. Data before and after the experiment were compared. BMI, body fat rate, blood lipid monitoring, and blood glucose were also taken as body component monitoring indexes, and circumference measurements and proportions were taken as external body monitoring indexes. Results Aerobic exercise can effectively reduce the body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat rate, and body circumference of college students, decrease body weight, make the body shape more symmetrical, and also improve lipid and glycemic components, thus reducing the complications caused by obesity. Conclusion University professors should perform aerobic training for university students to improve their physical fitness, regulate their physical function, and improve their physical appearance. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução O problema da obesidade é um problema relevante no atual modelo de desenvolvimento social. Além dos riscos eminentes na saúde física, os estudantes universitários obesos também vivenciam uma maior resistência para o desenvolvimento social. Os alunos obesos que participam do programa nacional de condicionamento físico para a perda de peso podem perceber os benefícios do exercício aeróbico. Objetivo Explorar o efeito do exercício aeróbico na morfologia corporal de estudantes universitários obesos. Métodos 60 estudantes universitários obesos foram selecionados como sujeitos de estudo e divididos igualmente em grupo controle e experimental. O grupo controle não recebeu intervenção enquanto o experimental efetuou uma bateria de exercícios aeróbicos de 60 minutos diários, quatro vezes por semana, durante seis semanas. Dados antes e depois do experimento foram comparados. O IMC, a taxa de gordura corporal, monitoramento sanguíneo de lipídios e glicemia também foram tomados como índices de monitoramento dos componentes corporais, medidas de circunferências e proporções foram tomadas como índices de monitoramento corporal externo. Resultados O exercício aeróbico pode reduzir efetivamente o peso corporal, o índice de massa corporal (IMC), a taxa de gordura corporal e a circunferência corporal dos estudantes universitários, diminuir o peso corporal, deixando a forma corporal mais simétrica, além de melhorar os componentes lipídicos e glicêmicos, reduzindo assim as complicações causadas pela obesidade. Conclusão Os professores universitários devem realizar treinamento aeróbico de estudantes universitários a fim de melhorar seu condicionamento físico, regular sua função física e melhorar seu aspecto físico. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos desfechos do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción La cuestión de la obesidad es un problema relevante en el modelo actual de desarrollo social. Además de los riesgos eminentes en la salud física, los universitarios obesos también experimentan una mayor resistencia al desarrollo social. Los estudiantes obesos que participan en el programa nacional de acondicionamiento físico para la pérdida de peso pueden obtener los beneficios del ejercicio aeróbico. Objetivo Explorar el efecto del ejercicio aeróbico sobre la morfología corporal en estudiantes universitarios obesos. Métodos Se seleccionaron 60 estudiantes universitarios obesos como sujetos de estudio y se dividieron por igual en el grupo de control y el experimental. El grupo de control no recibió ninguna intervención, mientras que el grupo experimental realizó una batería de ejercicios aeróbicos de 60 minutos diarios, cuatro veces por semana durante seis semanas. Se compararon los datos antes y después del experimento. El IMC, el índice de grasa corporal, la monitorización de lípidos y de glucosa en sangre también se tomaron como índices de monitorización de los componentes corporales, las medidas de circunferencia y las proporciones se tomaron como índices de monitorización corporal externa. Resultados El ejercicio aeróbico puede reducir eficazmente el peso corporal, el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el índice de grasa corporal y la circunferencia corporal de los estudiantes universitarios, disminuir el peso corporal, hacer que la forma del cuerpo sea más simétrica, y también mejorar los componentes lipídicos y glucémicos, reduciendo así las complicaciones causadas por la obesidad. Conclusión Los profesores universitarios deberían realizar un entrenamiento aeróbico de los estudiantes universitarios para mejorar su estado físico, regular su función física y mejorar su aspecto físico. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapêuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
The lithium (Li)–air battery has an ultrahigh theoretical specific energy, however, even in pure oxygen (O2), the vulnerability of conventional organic electrolytes and carbon cathodes towards ...reaction intermediates, especially O2−, and corrosive oxidation and crack/pulverization of Li metal anode lead to poor cycling stability of the Li‐air battery. Even worse, the water and/or CO2 in air bring parasitic reactions and safety issues. Therefore, applying such systems in open‐air environment is challenging. Herein, contrary to previous assertions, we have found that CO2 can improve the stability of both anode and electrolyte, and a high‐performance rechargeable Li–O2/CO2 battery is developed. The CO2 not only facilitates the in situ formation of a passivated protective Li2CO3 film on the Li anode, but also restrains side reactions involving electrolyte and cathode by capturing O2−. Moreover, the Pd/CNT catalyst in the cathode can extend the battery lifespan by effectively tuning the product morphology and catalyzing the decomposition of Li2CO3. The Li–O2/CO2 battery achieves a full discharge capacity of 6628 mAh g−1 and a long life of 715 cycles, which is even better than those of pure Li–O2 batteries.
CO2 can do: CO2 makes Li–O2 batteries more stable. On the anode side, CO2 can facilitate the formation of a protective and self‐healing Li2CO3 film, which can expel the H2O and aggressive intermediates during cycling. The cathode and electrolyte are also protected because the O2− intermediate is captured by CO2 to prevent the formation of 1O2.
Display omitted
•Circular RNAs in human HCC were identified using RNA-sequencing.•Circular RNA cSMARCA5 was downregulated in HCC and associated with poor prognosis.•Downregulation of cSMARCA5 in HCC ...was attributed to the upregulation of DHX9.•cSMARCA5 inhibited HCC growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo.•cSMARCA5 acted as the sponge of miR-17-3p and miR-181b-5p to upregulate TIMP3.
In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to have critical regulatory roles in cancer biology. However, the contributions of circRNAs to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown.
cSMARCA5 (a circRNA derived from exons 15 and 16 of the SMARCA5 gene, hsa_circ_0001445) was identified by RNA-sequencing and validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The role of cSMARCA5 in HCC progression was assessed both in vitro and in vivo. circRNAs in vivo precipitation, luciferase reporter assay, biotin-coupled microRNA capture and fluorescence in situ hybridization were conducted to evaluate the interaction between cSMARCA5 and miR-17-3p/miR-181b-5p.
The expression of cSMARCA5 was lower in HCC tissues, because of the regulation of DExH-Box Helicase 9, an abundant nuclear RNA helicase. The downregulation of cSMARCA5 in HCC was significantly correlated with aggressive characteristics and served as an independent risk factor for overall survival and recurrence-free survival in patients with HCC after hepatectomy. Our in vivo and in vitro data indicated that cSMARCA5 inhibits the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. Mechanistically, we found that cSMARCA5 could promote the expression of TIMP3, a well-known tumor suppressor, by sponging miR-17-3p and miR-181b-5p.
These results reveal an important role of cSMARCA5 in the growth and metastasis of HCC and provide a fresh perspective on circRNAs in HCC progression.
Herein, we studied the role of cSMARCA5, a circular RNA, in hepatocellular carcinoma. Our in vitro and in vivo data showed that cSMARCA5 inhibits the growth and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, making it a potential therapeutic target.
While axon regeneration is a key determinant of functional recovery of the nervous system after injury, it is often poor in the mature nervous system. Influx of extracellular calcium (Ca2+) is one of ...the first phenomena that occur following axonal injury, and calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a target substrate for calcium ions, regulates the status of cytoskeletal proteins such as F‐actin. Herein, we found that peripheral axotomy activates CaMKII in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons, and inhibition of CaMKII impairs axon outgrowth in both the peripheral and central nervous systems (PNS and CNS, respectively). Most importantly, we also found that the activation of CaMKII promotes PNS and CNS axon growth, and regulatory effects of CaMKII on axon growth occur via affecting the length of the F‐actin. Thus, we believe our findings provide clear evidence that CaMKII is a critical modulator of mammalian axon regeneration.
We found that the activation of calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) promotes the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system axon growth, and regulatory effects of CaMKII on axon growth occur via affecting the length of the F‐actin. Thus, manipulation of the cytoskeletal protein assembly in the growth cone may be an effective strategy to promote axon regeneration of the damaged nervous system.
The Chinese name for martial arts is known as Wushu; it is a typical Chinese sport in which both internal and exterior actions are emphasized. Wushu training evaluation is a hot research area, and ...deep learning has long been an essential tool for ensuring and promoting continuous development in the quality of Wushu training assessment. The deep learning-based martial arts training programme successfully processes and analyses the massive raw data produced throughout the teaching process at colleges and institutions. The online learning behavior is obtained by training the detection model of target, model for detection of face, and face segmentation model and then merging them with the online system. Feature extraction, offline performance prediction, learning law analysis, and personalized learning recommendation can provide decision support for training of martial arts evaluation as well as the formulation of related improvement measures. It can successfully increase the teaching quality of teachers and the learning efficiency of students by catering to the current online and offline combination of new learning and teaching techniques. In this paper, a martial arts training evaluation model based on deep learning technology is presented in light of the variety and vast quantity of martial arts training evaluations, using MatConvNet to build a deep neural network and organically fuse various raw data of martial arts training evaluation. The proposed approach provides a more accurate assessment of martial arts training and has some practical applications. In experimental evaluation of the model, it is obtained that the network’s prediction performance is at its greatest value when the combination number of layers are eight.
The accuracy of the load model has great effects on power system stability analysis and control. Based on our practice in China on modeling load from field measurements, this paper systematically ...develops a measurement-based composite load model. Principles guiding the load modeling practice are discussed based on detailed analysis on stochastic characteristics of the modeling procedure. The structure of the measurement-based composite load model is presented. A multicurve identification technique is described to derive parameters. The generalization capability of this built load model is also investigated in this paper. Two cases are studied to illustrate the accuracy of the developed load model on describing the load dynamic characteristics in the actual power system.
This paper proposes a robust optimization approach for optimal operation of microgrids. The uncertain output variation of renewable energy sources (RESs) is addressed by collaboratively scheduling of ...energy storage (ES) and direct load control (DLC) through a two-stage complementary framework: an hour-ahead charging/discharging of ES and a quarter-hour-ahead activation of DLC. The objective is to maximize the total profit of the microgrid considering operation and maintenance costs of ES units, wind turbines and photovoltaics, and transaction with main grid and customer loads. Assuming the power output of RES randomly varies within a bounded uncertainty set, the problem is modeled to a two-stage robust optimization model and solved by a column-and-constraint generation algorithm. Compared with conventional operation methods, the ES and DLC are coordinated in different time-scales, and RES uncertainties are fully addressed during operation decision-making, ensuring the solutions to be optimal and robust for any realization of uncertainty. The proposed methodology is verified on the IEEE 33-bus distribution system through a wide range of different tests.
Traumatic nerve injuries have become a common clinical problem, and axon regeneration is a critical process in the successful functional recovery of the injured nervous system. In this study, we ...found that peripheral axotomy reduces PTEN expression in adult sensory neurons; however, it did not alter the expression level of PTEN in IB4‐positive sensory neurons. Additionally, our results indicate that the artificial inhibition of PTEN markedly promotes adult sensory axon regeneration, including IB4‐positive neuronal axon growth. Thus, our results provide strong evidence that PTEN is a prominent repressor of adult sensory axon regeneration, especially in IB4‐positive neurons.
Heavy metals in urban dust could pose noticeable human health risks, but there are few studies focusing on comprehensive human health risk assessment with the incorporation of both bioaccessibility ...and source apportionment in urban dust. Thus, fifty-eight urban dust samples were collected from kindergartens in Xiamen to analyze the bioaccessibility-based, source-specific health risk of heavy metals (V, Co, Ni, As, Mo, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Pb). Most heavy metals, except for V and Mn, were significantly enriched in urban dust based on their values of geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and may be influenced by human activities. The oral bioaccessibility values of heavy metals, which were estimated by the Solubility/Bioaccessibility Research Consortium (SBRC) in vitro model, ranged from 1.563% to 76.51%. The source apportionment determined by applying the absolute principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model indicated five main potential sources, coal combustion, traffic and industrial, natural, construction and furniture sources, and unidentified sources, with contributions of 34.09%, 20.72%, 18.72%, 7.597% and 18.87%, respectively, to the accumulation of heavy metals in urban dust. After incorporating bioaccessibility adjustments, lower non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of heavy metals were observed than those based on total metal content, with the mean hazard index (HI) values being less than the threshold value (1) and the mean total carcinogenic risk (TCR) values exceeding the precautionary criterion (10-6) for both adults and children. By combining bioaccessibility-based health risk assessment and source apportionment, traffic and industrial emissions and coal combustion dominated the noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks induced by heavy metals in urban dust, respectively. This study is expected to promote the systematic integration of source apportionment and bioaccessibility into health risk estimation for heavy metal contamination in urban dust, thus providing useful implications for better human health protection.
Display omitted
•Bioaccessibility-based, source-specific health risks of heavy metals were analyzed.•Health risks based on bioaccessibility are lower than those based on total content.•Traffic and industrial sources contributed most to non-carcinogenic risks.•Coal combustion sources dominated carcinogenic risks.
PDF
