Abstract
Shell is aquatic product processing industry waste, shrimp, crab and shellfish contain heavy metal, cause this kind of waste water deposits, the pollution caused by the Marine area, but the ...shell and shrimp shell contains rich off acetyl chitosan, chitosan degradation into shell oligosaccharides have many function effect, from the perspective of environmental protection is to deal with some of the pollution, and the preparation of the beneficial shell oligosaccharides. This paper introduces the extraction of chitosan from shrimp shells and the preparation of sunscreen by using physical degradation method to extract chitosan oligosaccharide from chitosan. In this paper, natural chito-oligosaccharides were extracted from shellfish waste and used as ingredients to make natural sunscreen, which was an exploration of chito-oligosaccharides in the field of daily use in fine chemical industry.
In this study, the ku70 and ku80 homologs from the Aspergillus niger genome were identified and their function was analyzed using targeted mutagenesis. The role of the ku80 gene in non-homologous ...end-joining (NHEJ) was investigated by calculating the frequency of homologous recombination. The transformation test verified that the frequency of homologous recombination significantly increased, from 1.78 to 65.6% in ku80 single deletion strains and to 100% in ku70/ku80 double deletion strains. These results suggest that the ku80 gene is important for non-homologous end-joining. Although the morphology of the ku deletion strains colonies was similar to that of the wildtype strain, mutants were more sensitive to the mutagen phleomycin. Furthermore, the purified ku80 deletion strain produced some sectored colonies on hygromycin B-containing plates. This result suggests that the ku80 gene deletion leads to genomic instability in A. niger.
The growing season of grapes is often associated with high levels of rainfall in the Chinese rainy regions, which leads to serious grape diseases. In this study, we sheltered grapevines from rainfall ...for the purpose of disease management. Experimentally (2007 and 2008), it was found that rain shelter could block the rainfall and clearly reduced the average daily leaf wetness duration and the relative humidity in the canopy compared with open field cultivation. The average severities of grape ripe rot, white rot, downy mildew, grey mould, and brown spot on the Red Globe cultivar were reduced by 85, 73, 81, 54, and 68% compared with fungicide sprays. The average severities of grape ripe rot, white rot, grey mould, and brown spot on the Shuijing cultivar were reduced by 84, 65, 100, and 73% compared with fungicide sprays. Rain shelter increased grape yields by an average of 110–176% and increased farmers' income by an average of 80–193% compared to fungicide sprays. Large-scale field monitoring from 2009 through 2012 unequivocally confirmed that rain shelter could effectively and stably control the main grape diseases. Although powdery mildew infections were more severe in plants under rain shelter cultivation than in plants under open field cultivation, this disease could be effectively controlled by one application of prochloraz and one application of difenoconazole during the growing season in vineyard trials under rain shelter from 2011 through 2013. These results demonstrated that protecting grapevines from rainfall is an efficient disease management technique with extensive application prospects in rainy regions.
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•Canopy microclimate was modified when grapes were cultivated under rain shelter.•Rain shelter effectively and stably controlled the main grape diseases in southern China.•Powdery mildew was controlled by rain shelter combined with fungicide application.
The use of shore power supply system for ships at ports is one of the key promotion technologies for ship emission control according China's 13th Five-Year Plan.However, there currently lacks ...established evaluation methods both in Chinaand abroad for the assessment ofshore power effectiveness. This study focuses on the most prevalent issues faced by various local regions in their promotion and application of shore power, proposes a set of evaluation methods tailoredfor local governments in the evaluation of promotion and application from five perspectives: construction and utilization of shore power facilities, institutional mechanisms, incentive policies and regulatory framework as well as a comprehensive evaluation of shore power effectivenessin Shenzhen as a case study. Results demonstrate that theevaluation method can fully reflect the effectiveness of local governments in their promotion of shore power, identify existing issues and opportunities for improvement, and may provide a baseline for the next-phase promotion of regional shore power facilities.
Terminal vapor recovery, a widely-applied technology for emission control on vapors of gasoline and other fuels at terminals, can effectively reduce the VOCs (volatile organic compounds) during the ...cargo loading procedure of oil tankers. This paper aims to provide a systematic analysis of the current situation and main issues of vapor recovery technology, proposals of basic principles, general strategies and specific tasks and programs for the promotion of the technology, as well as a reference for decision-making on the further development of terminal vapor recovery system in China.
Olgotrelvir is an oral antiviral with dual mechanisms of action targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (i.e., M
) and human cathepsin L. It has potential to serve as ...a single-agent treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19).
We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of olgotrelvir in 1212 nonhospitalized adult participants with mild to moderate Covid-19, irrespective of risk factors, who were randomly assigned to receive orally either 600 mg of olgotrelvir or placebo twice daily for 5 days. The primary and key secondary end points were time to sustained recovery of a panel of 11 Covid-19-related symptoms and the viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) load. The safety end point was incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events.
The baseline characteristics of 1212 participants were similar in the two groups. In the modified intention-to-treat population (567 patients in the placebo group and 558 in the olgotrelvir group), the median time to symptom recovery was 205 hours in the olgotrelvir group versus 264 hours in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.13 to 1.46; P<0.001). The least squares mean (95% CI) changes of viral RNA load from baseline were -2.20 (-2.59 to -1.81) log
copies/ml in olgotrelvir-treated participants and -1.40 (-1.79 to -1.01) in participants receiving placebo at day 4. Skin rash (3.3%) and nausea (1.5%) were more frequent in the olgotrelvir group than in the placebo group; there were no treatment-related serious adverse events, and no deaths were reported.
Olgotrelvir as a single-agent treatment significantly improved symptom recovery. Adverse effects were not dose limiting. (Funded by Sorrento Therapeutics, a parent company of ACEA Therapeutics; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05716425.).
Expert consensus proposes an emergency treatment protocol for portal hypertension bleeding. Herein, the emergency treatment procedures, which include first aid, medical, interventional, and surgical ...treatments, are described. In addition, the indications, contraindications, operating norms, precautions, and prevention of complications of portal hypertension are described to optimize the first aid process.
The interleaved partitioning partial transmit sequence (IP-PTS) scheme is an attractive technique for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) ...systems. But the PAPR performance of IP-PTS is inferior to that of the adjacent partitioning PTS (AP-PTS) scheme because the candidates generated in IP-PTS are not fully independent. This paper analyzes the independence of candidates in IP-PTS in detail and finds the effective phase factor vectors. In order to improve the PAPR performance of IP-PTS, a conjugate IP-PTS (C-IP-PTS) scheme is proposed. By performing the conjugate operations on some sub-blocks, the number of candidates is increased. Because of the conjugate property of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), the additional inverse DFT can be avoided. By optimizing the conjugate sequence, the complexity can be further lowered. Simulation results show that C-IP-PTS can obtain better PAPR performance compared with AP-PTS; moreover, the computational complexity of C-IP-PTS is not high.
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