A regional approved environmental association asked us to participate in a reflection about how to make more conscious the populations of the protection of the water, and how to have an effect on ...this public policy in interest of environment and health of the involved populations. This text takes up again an assessment of different public actions (technical choices, legal regulation, economical incentives, and improvements in social governance). And it attempts to make explicit the conditions of a social expertise for a politically involved actor may meet standards of scientific research. Adapted from the source document.
A regional approved environmental association asked us to participate in a reflection about how to make more conscious the populations of the protection of the water, and how to have an effect on ...this public policy in interest of environment and health of the involved populations. This text takes up again an assessment of different public actions (technical choices, legal regulation, economicalincentives, improvements in social governance). And it attempts to make explicit the conditions of a social expertise for a politically involved actor may meet standards of scientific research. //ABSTRACT IN FRENCH: Ce travail prend place dans une réflexion demandée par une association environnementale agréée au niveau régional sur comment davantage sensibiliser les populations à la protection de l'eau et influer sur cette politique publique en faveur de l'environnement et de la santé des populations concernées. Ce texte réengage une évaluation des différents types dactions publiques dans ce domaine (promotions de solutions techniques, réglementations, incitations économiques, procédures de concertation). Et il essaye dexpliciter les conditions que doit remplir une expertise sociale demandée par un acteur socialement engagé pour satisfaire les normes de recherche scientifique.
A regional approved environmental association asked us to participate in a reflection about how to make more conscious the populations of the protection of the water, and how to have an effect on ...this public policy in interest of environment and health of the involved populations. This text takes up again an assessment of different public actions (technical choices, legal regulation, economical incentives, improvements in social governance). And it attempts to make explicit the conditions of a social expertise for a politically involved actor may meet standards of scientific research.
El debate publico Charlas : dramática oposición entre la concertación institucional y protesta asociativa. A fines de 2003, un proyecto de embalse en la cuenca del Garona dio lugar a un primer debate ...público organizado por la Comisión Nacional del Debate Público sobre el tema de la gestión del agua. Este nuevo proceso no ha logrado mejores resultados que las concertaciones ya llevadas a cabo con los diferentes actores con el fin de reducir las oposiciones a dicho proyecto. Un análisis de los debates - de los participantes y de sus intervenciones- evidencia que lo determinante, más que la inserción en la política del agua a escala local, es lo que cada actor aporta y sus objetivos repectivos. Tal instrumentalización del debate es el precio a pagar para construir una « democracia del agua ».
Fin 2003, un projet de barrage-réservoir sur le Bassin de la Garonne a fait l'objet du premier débat public organisé par la Commission Nationale du Débat Public sur le thème de la gestion de l'eau. Cette procédure nouvelle n'a pas réussi mieux que les concertations déjà menées avec les différents acteurs de l'eau à réduire les oppositions au projet. Une analyse des débats - des intervenants et de leurs prises de parole - montre que ce qui en a déterminé l'issue, plus que les modalités d'insertion dans la politique publique de l'eau à l'échelle du Bassin, c'est ce que chaque acteur y a apporté et avec quels objectifs. Cette instrumentalisation du débat est le prix à payer pour la construction d'une « démocratie de l'eau ».
El debate publico Charlas : dramática oposición entre la concertación institucional y protesta asociativa. A fines de 2003, un proyecto de embalse en la cuenca del Garona dio lugar a un primer debate público organizado por la Comisión Nacional del Debate Público sobre el tema de la gestión del agua. Este nuevo proceso no ha logrado mejores resultados que las concertaciones ya llevadas a cabo con los diferentes actores con el fin de reducir las oposiciones a dicho proyecto. Un análisis de los debates - de los participantes y de sus intervenciones- evidencia que lo determinante, más que la inserción en la política del agua a escala local, es lo que cada actor aporta y sus objetivos repectivos. Tal instrumentalización del debate es el precio a pagar para construir una « democracia del agua ».
A regional approved environmental association asked us to participate in a reflection about how to make more conscious the populations of the protection of the water, and how to have an effect on ...this public policy in interest of environment and health of the involved populations. This text takes up again an assessment of different public actions (technical choices, legal regulation, economicalincentives, improvements in social governance). And it attempts to make explicit the conditions of a social expertise for a politically involved actor may meet standards of scientific research.
Le fonctionnement du marché des vins de table a depuis longtemps fait l'objet d'analyses destinées à expliquer la fréquence des situations de crise et à prévenir leur répétition. Ces analyses ont ...pris pour champ d'observation privilégiée les départements du Languedoc-Roussillon, où l'existence quotidienne d'une grande majorité de la population est liée aux fluctuations de ce marché.
Déjà, en 1907, en pleine crise de mévente, l'économiste et agronome Michel Augé-Laribé analysait l’ « extrême instabilité des prix » et mettait en évidence un certain nombre de mécanismes : rôle prépondérant du négoce, inégalité des différentes catégories de producteurs face au problème de la commercialisation en fonction de leur accès au marché et de leurs réserves financières, importance des flux d'importation et de la récolte globale dans la détermination des prix de vente languedociens.
Summary
The distortions affecting most agricultural markets have had serious consequences for the evolution of structures of production in the 20th century. With respect to the market for table-wines, the consequences of viticultural crises were felt with particular acuteness in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon ; these included economic effects (e.g., periodic destruction of a portion of the production, a restructuring of land holding) and social effects (e.g., rural exodus and reshaping of the rural environment). The abandonment of the imposed political policy of a controlled market has, during the past decade, accellerated this evolution.
The consequences of market crises have often been analysed in a static manner on the basis of agricultural studies and censuses.
In this article, the utilization of “dynamic model-building” on a computer contributes to understanding these economic and social phenomena in the context of their historical development.
The authors analyse the behavior of the following two models as applied to the viticultural crises :
1. The market model of the years preceding the 1950s, which explains the permanence of the balance between small and large producers in Languedoc-Roussillon.
2. The contemporary model, showing the fundamental role of the market in the rapid evolution of structures of production which resulted in the elimination or marginalization of less competitive producers.
The distortions affecting most agricultural markets have had serious consequences for the evolution of structures of production in the 20th century. With respect to the market for table-wines, the ...consequences of viticultural crises were felt with particular acuteness in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon; these included economic effects (e.g., periodic destruction of a portion of the production, a restructuring of land holding) and social effects (e.g., rural exodus and reshaping of the rural environment). The abandonment of the imposed political policy of a controlled market has, during the past decade, accellerated this evolution. The consequences of market crises have often been analysed in a static manner on the basis of agricultural studies and censuses. In this article, the utilization of "dynamic model-building" on a computer contributes to understanding these economic and social phenomena in the context of their historical development. The authors analyse the behavior of the following two models as applied to the viticultural crises: 1. The market model of the years preceding the 1950's, which explains the permanence of the balance between small and large producers in Languedoc-Roussillon. 2. The contemporary model, showing the fundamental role of the market in the rapid evolution of structures of production which resulted in the elimination or marginalization of less competitive producers.
The SE effects of viticultural crises in the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France are discussed. Economic effects (eg, periodic destruction of a portion of the production & restructuring of land ...holding), & social effects (eg, Ru exodus & reshaping of Ru environment) are examined. The abandonment of the imposed political policy of a controlled market is seen as accelerating this evolution. Previous static analyses of consequences of market crises on the basis of agricultural studies & censuses are criticized as inadequate. The utilization of "dynamic model-building" on a computer is shown to contribute to understanding these SE phenomena in the context of their historical development. The behavior of the following two models is analyzed: the market model of the years preceding the 1950s, which explains the permanence of the balance between small & large producers in Languedoc-Roussillon; & the contemporary model, showing the fundamental role of the market in the rapid evolution of structures of production resulting in the elimination or marginalization of less competitive producers. 2 Tables, 5 Figures, 16 References. Modified HA.
