London Trauma Conference 2015 : London, UK, 8-11 December 2015 Avery, Pascale; Salm, Leopold; Bird, Flora ...
Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine,
2016-Jun-17, 2016-6-17, 20160617, Letnik:
24 Suppl 1, Številka:
S1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
I1: Trauma, Pre-hospital and Cardiac Arrest Care 2015
Pascale Avery, Leopold Salm, Flora Bird
A1: Retrospective evaluation of HEMS ‘Direct to CT’ protocol
Anja Hutchinson, Ashley Matthies, Anthony ...Hudson, Heather Jarman
A2 Rush hour – Crush hour: temporal relationship of cyclist vs. HGV trauma admissions. A single site observational study
Maria Bergman Nilsson, Tom Konig, Nigel Tai
A3 Semiprone position endotracheal intubation during continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation in drowned children with regurgitation: a case report and experimental manikin study
Espen Fevang, Børge Hognestad, Håkon B. Abrahamsen
A4 An audit of CO2 A-a gradient in non-trauma patients receiving pre-hospital anaesthesia
Olivia V Cheetham, Matthew JC Thomas, Kieron D Rooney
A5 Can the use of c-spine immobilisation collars be avoided in non-trauma patients presenting to the Emergency Department?
Josephine Murray, Malcolm Tunnicliff
A6 Curriculum mapping in ED point of care simulation
Joseph W Collinson, Thomas Brown, Christopher Pritchett
A7 Point of care multidisciplinary trauma team simulation & participant satisfaction in a geographically remote trauma unit in Cornwall
Christopher SA Pritchett, Mark Jadav, Gareth Meredith, Jamie Plumb, Steve Harris, Roger Langford
A8 Conservative management of head injury inpatients - the challenge of simplifying injury management in a non-neurosurgical hospital
JG Hunter, A Sage, R Madden, O Flamank, B Broadbent, S Marsh, H Lewis, E Daniels, N Roberts
A9 Improving the care of traumatic brain injury at non-neurosurgical hospitals: Introducing a head injury pathway and single place of care is associated with significant improvements in neurological observation
JG Hunter, A Sage, R Madden, O Flamank, B Broadbent, S Marsh, H Lewis, E Daniels, N Lin, N Roberts
A10 The experience of inter-disciplinary students undertaking cardiac arrest moulage training
Samuel Bulford, Silas Houghton-Budd, Sam Pearson, Megan Clear-Hill
A11 Impact brain apnoea – nine cases
David J Menzies, James P Leonard, Conor Keogh, Ray Quinn, John D Hinds
A12 Time well spent? Improving the performance improvement programme in a busy Trauma Unit
N Roberts, D Ashton-Cleary, M Jadav
A14 Clinical significant and outcome of pulmonary contusions in patients with blunt chest trauma
Ismail Mahmood, Ayman El-Menyar, Basil Younis, Ahmed Khalid, Syed Nabir, Mohamed Nadeem Ahmed, Omer Al-Yahri, Hassan Al-Thani
A15 Plastics operative workload in major trauma centres: a national prospective survey
Katie Young, Susan A. Hendrickson, Georgina Phillips, Matthew D. Gardiner, Shehan Hettiaratchy
A16 A survey to assess the accuracy of estimating height by pre-hospital clinicians: can we reliably predict those most at risk of serious injury?
Alexandra Alice Crossland, Anthony Hudson
A17 An audit of the cause, outcome and adherence to treatment Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for all traumatic cardiac arrests at a Helicopter Emergency Medical Service over a 12-month period
Nicholas C Brassington, Anthony Hudson, Emily McWhirter
A18 Should we “stay-and-play? A study of patient physiology in Norwegian Helicopter Emergency Services
Bjørn O Reid, Marius Rehn, Oddvar Uleberg, Andreas J Krüger
A19 Training in resuscitative thoracotomy: have we cracked it? A survey of higher Emergency Medicine trainees in London
Cara Jennings, Yasmin Kapadia, Duncan Bew
A20 London’s Air Ambulance (LAA): 25-years of drownings in an urban environment
Jenny Townsend, Tom P Hurst, Elizabeth A Foster
A21 Live patients in trauma simulation – more than just simulation on a shoestring?
Thomas B Brown, Joseph Collinson, Christopher Pritchett, Toby Slade
A22 Collecting core data in pre-hospital critical care using a consensus based template
Kristin Tønsager, Marius Rehn, Kjetil G.Ringdal, Andreas J.Krüger
A23 Prehospital interventions before and after implementation of a physician staffed helicopter
Rasmus Hesselfeldt, Sandra Wulffeld, Asger Sonne, Lars S. Rasmussen, Jacob Steinmetz
A24 Duration of ventilation following prehospital drug assisted intubation; a retrospective review
Thomas J Renninson, Nadine Thomson, Harvey Pynn, Timothy J Hooper
A25 Non-haemorrhagic shock in trauma: a novel guideline for management in ED
Anthony Hudson, Jacinta Dawson, Ashley Matthies
A26 Patient-tailored triage decisions by anaesthetist-staffed pre-hospital critical care teams
Morten Langfeldt Friberg, Leif Rognås
A27 Anatomical accuracy and appropriate sizing of pre-hospital thoracostomies
Jessica FG Wills, Anthony Hudson
A28 Pre-hospital management of mass casualty civilian shootings
Conor DA Turner, Marius Rehn
A30 The prevalence of alcohol-related trauma recidivism: a systematic review
James Nunn, Mete Erdogan, Robert S. Green
A31 Development of a hospital-wide program for simulation-based training in trauma care and management
Samuel Minor, Mete Erdogan, Kathy Hartlen, Robert S. Green
A32 Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrests (OOHCA); lessons from Hollywood
Ruth Bird, Rachael L. Grupping
A33 Mechanism of injury as a predictor of severity of injury in road traffic collisions: a literature review
Amelia M. Stacey, Marius Rehn, David J. Lockey
A34 Lessons to be learned from prehospital airway intervention documentation? Are airway intervention documentation templates as successful in-hospital as prehospitally?
S. Abiks, L. Cutler, K. Monaghan, A. Al-Rais, C. Hymers, R. Bloomer, Y. Kapadia
A35 Novel biomarkers in
pre
hospital management of
t
raumatic
b
rain
i
njury (the PreTBI study protocol)
Sophie-Charlott Seidenfaden, Ingunn S. Riddervold, Hans Kirkegaard, Niels Juul, Morten T. Bøtker
A36 Hospital outcomes of traumatic railway incidents: a seven-year observational retrospective study of a major trauma centre
Alice Gao, Zane Perkins; Gareth Grier, Alex Tzannes
A37 Does taking a third crew member affect the on-scene time of HEMS jobs?
Nathan Hudson-Peacock, Quentin Otto, Laurie Phillipson, Rik Thomas, Ainsley Heyworth
A38 Does pre-hospital rapid sequence induction affect on-scene time of HEMS jobs?
Quentin Otto, Nathan Hudson-Peacock, Laurie Phillipson, Ainsley Heyworth, Erica Ley
A39 Code red: shock index as a prehospital indicator of massive haemorrhage
Daniel Banner, Ainsley Heyworth, Erica Ley
A40 Air ambulance tasking: how accurate are our current methods?
Madeleine Benson, Nathan Hudson-Peacock, Tony Stone, Erica Ley, Louise Rousson, Ainsley Heyworth
A41 Modern trauma burden in a district general hospital
Beth A Lineham, Matthew J Lee, Martin Gough
A42 Establishing a legal service for major trauma patients in two UK major trauma centres
William H Seligman, Hannah E Thould, Andrew Dinsmore, Charlotte Tan, Julian Thompson, C Andy Eynon, David J Lockey
A43 Prehospital assessment and care of patients – a study of the use of guidelines when assessing head trauma
Rebecka M Rubenson Wahlin, Veronica Lindström, Sari Ponzer, Veronica Vicente
A44 An audit of pre-hospital blood pressure management resulting from head injury
Pamela Eligio, Anthony Hudson
A45 The surgical contribution of surface shading volumetric rendering techniques in rib fracture management
Robert Young, Dimitri Amiras, Ian Sinha
In this paper, we report a novel semiconductor waveguide autocorrelator that employs two-photon absorption (TPA), rather than the more commonly used second-harmonic generation, as its nonlinear ...mechanism. An introduction to TPA is given, and the reasons for its use in the autocorrelator are explained with reference to nonlinear absorption experiments. We then describe the fabrication of the p-i-n GaAs/AlGaAs waveguide. The initial experiments carried out with a single beam in the waveguide are described and fitted to theory. Autocorrelation traces for both a CW modelocked Nd/sup 3+/:YAG laser at 1.06 /spl mu/m and a Q-switched InGaAsP/InP laser at 1.3 /spl mu/m are presented and their pulsewidths obtained by means of a theoretical model. The sensitivity and resolution of the TPA waveguide autocorrelator are then discussed, as is a proposal for a multiple-contact TPA waveguide autocorrelator, designed so that the two pulse trains are counter-propagating. This would result in an autocorrelator from which the laser pulsewidth could be obtained in a single measurement, with no moving parts, and which could be integrated with a semiconductor laser.< >
Three novel heterocyclic benzofurans A-688057 (
1), A-687136 (
2), and A-698418 (
3) were profiled for their in vitro and in vivo properties as a new series of histamine H
3 receptor antagonists. The ...compounds were all found to have nanomolar potency in vitro at histamine H
3 receptors, and when profiled in vivo for CNS activity, all were found active in an animal behavioral model of attention. The compound with the most benign profile versus CNS side effects was selected for greater scrutiny of its in vitro properties and overall drug-likeness. This compound, A-688057, in addition to its potent and robust efficacy in two rodent behavioral models at blood levels ranging 0.2–19
nM, possessed other favorable features, including high selectivity for H
3 receptors (H
3,
K
i
=
1.5
nM) versus off-target receptors and channels (including the hERG K
+ channel,
K
i
>
9000
nM), low molecular weight (295), high solubility, moderate lipophilicity (logD
pH7.4
=
2.05), and good CNS penetration (blood/brain 3.4×). In vitro toxicological tests indicated low potential for phospholipidosis, genotoxicity, and CYP
450 inhibition. Even though pharmacokinetic testing uncovered only moderate to poor oral bioavailability in rat (26%), dog (30%), and monkey (8%), and only moderate blood half-lives after i.v. administration (
t
1/2 in rat of 2.9
h, 1.7
h in dog, 1.8
h in monkey), suggesting poor human pharmacokinetics, the data overall indicated that A-688057 has an excellent profile for use as a pharmacological tool compound.
Many cities are experiencing infectious disease epidemics and substantial community harms as a result of illicit drug use. Although medically supervised smoking facilities (SSFs) remain untested in ...North America, local health officials in Vancouver are considering to prepare a submission to Health Canada for an exemption to open Canada's first SSF for evaluation. Reluctance of health policymakers to initiate a pilot study of SSFs may be due in part to outstanding questions regarding the potential uptake and community impacts of the intervention. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of willingness to use an SSF among illicit drug smokers who are enrolled in the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study. Participants who reported actively smoking cocaine, heroin, or methamphetamine who returned for follow-up between June 2002 and December 2002 were eligible for these analyses. Those who reported willingness to use an SSF were compared with those who were unwilling to use an SSF by using logistic regression analyses. Four hundred and forty-three participants were eligible for this study. Among respondents, 124 (27.99%) expressed willingness to attend an SSF. Variables that were independently associated with willingness to attend an SSF in multivariate analyses included sex-trade work (adjusted odds ratio AOR=1.85), crack pipe sharing (AOR=2.24), and residing in the city's HIV epicentre (AOR =1.64). We found that participants who demonstrated a willingness to attend an SSF were more likely to be involved in the sex trade and share crack pipes. Although the impact of SSFs in North America can only be quantified by scientific evaluation, these data indicate a potential for public health and community benefits if SSFs were to become available.
To compare patching and atropine as treatments for moderate amblyopia in children younger than 7 years.
In a randomized clinical trial, 419 children younger than 7 years with amblyopia and visual ...acuity in the range of 20/40 to 20/100 were assigned to receive either patching or atropine at 47 clinical sites.
Visual acuity in the amblyopic eye and sound eye after 6 months.
Visual acuity in the amblyopic eye improved in both groups (improvement from baseline to 6 months was 3.16 lines in the patching group and 2.84 lines in the atropine group). Improvement was initially faster in the patching group, but after 6 months, the difference in visual acuity between treatment groups was small and clinically inconsequential (mean difference at 6 months, 0.034 logMAR units; 95% confidence interval, 0.005-0.064 logMAR units). The 6-month acuity was 20/30 or better in the amblyopic eye and/or improved from baseline by 3 or more lines in 79% of the patching group and 74% of the atropine group. Both treatments were well tolerated, although atropine had a slightly higher degree of acceptability on a parental questionnaire. More patients in the atropine group than in the patching group had reduced acuity in the sound eye at 6 months, but this did not persist with further follow-up.
Atropine and patching produce improvement of similar magnitude, and both are appropriate modalities for the initial treatment of moderate amblyopia in children aged 3 to less than 7 years.
Carney complex (CC), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), Cowden disease (CD),
and Bannayan-Zonana syndrome (BZS) share clinical features, such as
mucocutaneous lentigines and multiple tumors (thyroid, ...breast, ovarian,
and testicular neoplasms), and autosomal dominant inheritance. A
genetic locus has been identified for CC on chromosome 2 (2p16), and
the genes for PJS, CD, and BZS were recently identified; genetic
heterogeneity appears likely in both CC and PJS. The genes for PJS and
CD/BZS, STK11/LKB1 and PTEN,
respectively, may act as tumor suppressors, because loss of
heterozygosity (LOH) of the PJS and CD/BZS loci has been demonstrated
in tumors excised from patients with these disorders. We studied 2
families with CC in whom the disease could not be shown to segregate
with polymorphic markers from the 2p16 locus. Their members presented
with lesions frequently seen in PJS and the other lentiginosis
syndromes. We also tested 16 tumors and cell lines established from
patients with CC for LOH involving the PJS and CD/BZS loci. DNA was
extracted from peripheral blood, tumor cell lines, and tissues and
subjected to PCR amplification with primers from microsatellite
sequences flanking the STK11/LKB1 and
PTEN genes on 19p13 and 10q23, respectively, and a
putative PJS locus on 19q13. All loci were excluded as candidates in
both families with LOD scores less than −2 and/or by haplotype
analysis. LOH for these loci was not present in any of the tumors that
were histologically identical to those seen in PJS. The overall rate of
LOH for the PJS and CD/BZS loci in tumors from patients with CC was
less than 10%. We conclude that despite substantial clinical overlap
among CC, PJS, CD, and BZS, LOH for the STK11 and
PTEN loci is an infrequent event in CC-related tumors.
Linkage analysis excluded the PJS and CD/BZS loci on chromosomes 19
(19p13 and 19q13) and 10 (10q23) from harboring the gene defect(s)
responsible for the phenotype in these 2 families.
White dwarf stars are the most common stellar fossils. When in binaries, they make up the dominant form of compact object binary within the Galaxy and can offer insight into different aspects of ...binary formation and evolution. One of the most remarkable white dwarf binary systems identified to date is AR Scorpii (henceforth AR Sco). AR Sco is composed of an M-dwarf star and a rapidly-spinning white dwarf in a 3.56-hour orbit. It shows pulsed emission with a period of 1.97 minutes over a broad range of wavelengths, which led to it being known as a white dwarf pulsar. Both the pulse mechanism and the evolutionary origin of AR Sco provide challenges to theoretical models. Here we report the discovery of the first sibling of AR Sco, J191213.72-441045.1 (henceforth J1912-4410), which harbours a white dwarf in a 4.03-hour orbit with an M-dwarf and exhibits pulsed emission with a period of 5.30 minutes. This discovery establishes binary white dwarf pulsars as a class and provides support for proposed formation models for white dwarf pulsars.
We present the discovery of the eclipsing double white dwarf (WD) binary WDJ 022558.21-692025.38 that has an orbital period of 47.19 min. Following identification with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey ...Satellite, we obtained time-series ground based spectroscopy and high-speed multi-band ULTRACAM photometry which indicate a primary DA WD of mass 0.40 +- 0.04 Msol and a 0.28 +- 0.02 Msol mass secondary WD, which is likely of type DA as well. The system becomes the third-closest eclipsing double WD binary discovered with a distance of approximately 400 pc and will be a detectable source for upcoming gravitational wave detectors in the mHz frequency range. Its orbital decay will be measurable photometrically within 10 yrs to a precision of better than 1%. The fate of the binary is to merge in approximately 41 Myr, likely forming a single, more massive WD.
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