The Generator Services (GENSER) provide ready-to-use Monte Carlo generators, compiled on multiple platforms or ready to be compiled, for the LHC experiments. In this paper we discuss the recent ...developments in the build machinery, which allowed to fully automatize the installation process. The new system is based on and is integrated entirely with the "LCG external software" infrastructure, providing all the external packages needed by the LHC experiments.
Accurate regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity is crucial to prevent a variety of disorders including immune and inflammatory diseases. Active NF-κB promotes IκBα and A20 expression, ...important negative regulatory molecules that control the NF-κB response. In this study, using two-hybrid screening we identify the RING-type zinc-finger protein 114 (RNF114) as an A20-interacting factor. RNF114 interacts with A20 in T cells and modulates A20 ubiquitylation. RNF114 acts as negative regulator of NF-κB-dependent transcription, not only by stabilizing the A20 protein but also IκBα. Importantly, we demonstrate that in T cells, the effect of RNF114 is linked to the modulation of T-cell activation and apoptosis but is independent of cell cycle regulation. Altogether, our data indicate that RNF114 is a new partner of A2O involved in the regulation of NF-κB activity that contributes to the control of signaling pathways modulating T cell-mediated immune response.
Software for the LHCb experiment Corti, G.; Cattaneo, M.; Charpentier, P. ...
IEEE transactions on nuclear science,
06/2006, Letnik:
53, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
LHCb is an experiment for precision measurements of CP-violation and rare decays in B mesons at the LHC collider at CERN. The LHCb software development strategy follows an architecture-centric ...approach as a way of creating a resilient software framework that can withstand changes in requirements and technology over the expected long lifetime of the experiment. The software architecture, called GAUDI, supports event data processing applications that run in different processing environments ranging from the real-time high-level triggers in the online system to the final physics analysis performed by more than 100 physicists. The major architectural design choices and the arguments that lead to these choices will be outlined. Object oriented technologies have been used throughout. Initially developed for the LHCb experiment, GAUDI has been adopted and extended by other experiments. Several iterations of the GAUDI software framework have been released and are now being used routinely by the physicists of the LHCb collaboration to facilitate their development of data selection algorithms. The LHCb reconstruction (Brunel), the digitization (Boole) and analysis (DaVinci) applications together with the simulation application (Gauss), also based on Geant4, and event and detector visualization program (Panoramix) are all based on the GAUDI framework. All these applications are now in production.
There is no consensus on the effects of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FA) on cutaneous repair. To solve this problem, we used 2 different approaches: (1) FAT-1 transgenic mice, capable of producing ...endogenous ω-3 FA; (2) wild-type (WT) mice orally supplemented with DHA-enriched fish oil. FAT-1 mice had higher systemic (serum) and local (skin tissue) ω-3 FA levels, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in comparison with WT mice. FAT-1 mice had increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and content of CXCL-1 and CXCL-2, and reduced IL-10 in the skin wound tissue three days after the wound induction. Inflammation was maintained by an elevated TNF-α concentration and presence of inflammatory cells and edema. Neutrophils and macrophages, isolated from FAT-1 mice, also produced increased TNF-α and reduced IL-10 levels. In these mice, the wound closure was delayed, with a wound area 6-fold bigger in relation with WT group, on the last day of analysis (14 days post-wounding). This was associated with poor orientation of collagen fibers and structural aspects in repaired tissue. Similarly, DHA group had a delay during late inflammatory phase. This group had increased TNF-α content and CD45+F4/80+ cells at the third day after skin wounding and increased concentrations of important metabolites derived from ω-3, like 18-HEPE, and reduced concentrations of those from ω-6 FA. In conclusion, elevated DHA content, achieved in both FAT-1 and DHA groups, slowed inflammation resolution and impaired the quality of healed skin tissue.
Summary
Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen which is internalized by host mammalian cells upon binding to their surface. Further listerial growth occurs in the cytosol ...after escape from the phagosomal–endosomal compartment. We have previously reported that C1q is able to potentiate L. monocytogenes phagocytosis upon bacterial opsonization by ingestion through C1q‐binding structures. In this report, we analysed the post‐phagocytic events upon internalization of C1q‐opsonized L. monocytogenes and found an induction of macrophage (Mφ)‐like IC‐21 cell bactericidal mechanisms displayed by the production of oxygen and nitrogen metabolites. Both types of molecules are effective in L. monocytogenes killing. Further analysis of the cellular responses promoted by interaction of C1q with its surface binding structures, leads us to consider C1q as a collaborative molecule involved in Mφ activation. Upon interaction with surface binding structures, C1q was able to trigger and/or amplify the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates induced by stimuli such as interferon‐γ and L. monocytogenes phagocytosis.
This document summarizes the status of data preservation in high energy physics. The paradigms and the methodological advances are discussed from a perspective of more than ten years of experience ...with a structured effort at international level. The status and the scientific return related to the preservation of data accumulated at large collider experiments are presented, together with an account of ongoing efforts to ensure long-term analysis capabilities for ongoing and future experiments. Transverse projects aimed at generic solutions, most of which are specifically inspired by open science and FAIR principles, are presented as well. A prospective and an action plan are also indicated.
Data preservation in high energy physics Basaglia, T.; Bellis, M.; Blomer, J. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
09/2023, Letnik:
83, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Data preservation is a mandatory specification for any present and future experimental facility and it is a cost-effective way of doing fundamental research by exploiting unique data sets in the ...light of the continuously increasing theoretical understanding. This document summarizes the status of data preservation in high energy physics. The paradigms and the methodological advances are discussed from a perspective of more than ten years of experience with a structured effort at international level. The status and the scientific return related to the preservation of data accumulated at large collider experiments are presented, together with an account of ongoing efforts to ensure long-term analysis capabilities for ongoing and future experiments. Transverse projects aimed at generic solutions, most of which are specifically inspired by open science and FAIR principles, are presented as well. A prospective and an action plan are also indicated.
The full LEP-1 data set collected with the ALEPH detector at the
Z pole during 1991–1995 is analysed in order to measure the
τ
decay branching fractions. The analysis follows the global method used ...in the published study based on 1991–1993 data, but several improvements are introduced, especially concerning the treatment of photons and
π
0
's. Extensive systematic studies are performed, in order to match the large statistics of the data sample corresponding to over 300
000 measured and identified
τ
decays. Branching fractions are obtained for the two leptonic channels and 11 hadronic channels defined by their respective numbers of charged particles and
π
0
's. Using previously published ALEPH results on final states with charged and neutral kaons, corrections are applied to the hadronic channels to derive branching ratios for exclusive final states without kaons. Thus the analyses of the full LEP-1 ALEPH data are combined to yield a complete description of
τ
decays, encompassing 22 non-strange and 11 strange hadronic modes. Some physics implications of the results are given, in particular related to universality in the leptonic charged weak current, isospin invariance in
a
1
decays, and the separation of vector and axial-vector components of the total hadronic rate. Finally, spectral functions are determined for the dominant hadronic modes and updates are given for several analyses. These include: tests of isospin invariance between the weak charged and electromagnetic hadronic currents, fits of the
ρ
resonance lineshape, and a QCD analysis of the non-strange hadronic decays using spectral moments, yielding the value
α
s
(
m
τ
2
)
=
0.340
±
0
.
005
exp
±
0
.
014
th
. The evolution to the
Z mass scale yields
α
s
(
M
Z
2
)
=
0.1209
±
0.0018
. This value agrees well with the direct determination from the
Z width and provides the most accurate test to date of asymptotic freedom in the QCD gauge theory.
The participation of oxidative mechanisms in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II‐restricted antigen presentation was studied in vitro. In general, antigen processing is inhibited when ...peritoneal macrophages (MØ) are incubated with scavengers of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI): mannitol (an ·OH scavenger), dimethylurea (DMTU, which reacts with H2O2 and HOCl) and NCO‐700 (an epoxysuccinic acid derivative which inhibits oxidant production by activated phagocytes and can scavenge reactive oxygen species in both NaOCl and hypoxanthine (XOD) systems). However, neither rotenone and antimycins (inhibitors of O−2 production at the NADH dehydrogenase and ubiquinone–cytochrome b regions, respectively) nor aminoguanidine (an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) impaired antigen presentation, thus indirectly discarding the participation of mitochondrial oxidation and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) in antigen processing. ROI scavengers do not inhibit the MHC class II‐restricted presentation of antigens that need processing but have their disulphide bonds reduced. It can be shown that oxidation of protein antigens (either by chlorination or performic acid treatment) allow protein unfolding and enhance both processing and exposure of immunogenic epitopes to specific T cells.
Research in high energy physics (HEP) requires huge amounts of computing and storage, putting strong constraints on the code speed and resource usage. To meet these requirements, a compiled ...high-performance language is typically used; while for physicists, who focus on the application when developing the code, better research productivity pleads for a high-level programming language. A popular approach consists of combining Python, used for the high-level interface, and C++, used for the computing intensive part of the code. A more convenient and efficient approach would be to use a language that provides both high-level programming and high-performance. The Julia programming language, developed at MIT especially to allow the use of a single language in research activities, has followed this path. In this paper the applicability of using the Julia language for HEP research is explored, covering the different aspects that are important for HEP code development: runtime performance, handling of large projects, interface with legacy code, distributed computing, training, and ease of programming. The study shows that the HEP community would benefit from a large scale adoption of this programming language. The HEP-specific foundation libraries that would need to be consolidated are identified.
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