To evaluate a retrospective single-institution outcome after hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for adrenal metastases.
Between February 2002 and December 2009, we treated 48 ...patients with SBRT for adrenal metastases. The median age of the patient population was 62.7 years (range, 43-77 years). In the majority of patients, the prescription dose was 36 Gy in 3 fractions (70% isodose, 17.14 Gy per fraction at the isocenter). Eight patients were treated with single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery and forty patients with multi-fraction stereotactic radiotherapy.
Overall, the series of patients was followed up for a median of 16.2 months (range, 3-63 months). At the time of analysis, 20 patients were alive and 28 patients were dead. The 1- and 2-year actuarial overall survival rates were 39.7% and 14.5%, respectively. We recorded 48 distant failures and 2 local failures, with a median interval to local failure of 4.9 months. The actuarial 1-year disease control rate was 9%; the actuarial 1- and 2-year local control rate was 90%.
Our retrospective study indicated that SBRT for the treatment of adrenal metastases represents a safe and effective option with a control rate of 90% at 2 years.
We provide a critical assessment regarding current evidence for the use of moderately hypofractionated irradiation for patients with breast cancer. The aim of the study was to summarize the available ...evidence regarding outcomes after moderately hypofractionated compared with conventional radiation doses in the post-operative treatment of patients with breast cancer.
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases were searched until March 25, 2021. All randomized phase 3 clinical trials that compared moderately hypofractionated with conventional radiation doses in the post-operative treatment of patients with breast cancer were selected. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement.
Eight clinical trials satisfied the eligibility criteria and were the focus of the analysis. A total of 12,139 breast cancer patients was randomly assigned for moderately hypofractionated compared with conventional irradiation. Meta-analysis of the trials regarding local recurrence, loco-regional recurrence, disease-free survival, and overall survival outcomes did not demonstrate any significant difference between moderately hypofractionated irradiation and conventional radiation doses groups. The rate of severe side effects was low in both groups; acute and late side effects and cosmesis were similar or even tended to be lower after moderately hypofractionated than after conventional irradiation.
Moderately hypofractionated is at least as effective and safe as conventional radiation irradiation regimens and should be considered as a treatment option for most, if not all, breast cancer patients.
•Evidence for the use of moderately hypofractionated RT (MHRT) for breast cancer.•Meta-analysis of clinical trials.•MHRT is at least as safe and effective as conventionally fractionated regimens.
Partial Breast Irradiation Meattini, Icro; de Oliveira Franco, Rejane; Salvestrini, Viola ...
Breast (Edinburgh),
June 2023, 2023-Jun, 2023-06-00, 20230601, 2023-06-01, Letnik:
69
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Over the past few decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the biology and pathology of breast cancer. A personalized ...conservative approach has been currently adopted addressing the patient's individual risk of relapse. After postoperative whole breast irradiation for early-stage breast cancer, a rate of recurrences outside the initial tumour bed lower than 4% was observed. Thus, the highest benefits of breast irradiation seem to result from the dose delivered to the tissue neighbouring the tumour bed. Nonetheless, reducing treatment morbidity while maintaining radiation therapy's ability to decrease local recurrences is an important challenge in treating patients with radiation therapy. In this regard, strategies such as partial-breast irradiation have been developed to reduce toxicity without compromising oncologic outcomes. According to the national and international published guidelines, clinical oncologists can refer to specific dose/fractionation schedules and eligible criteria. However, there are still some areas of open questions. Breast cancer represents a multidisciplinary paradigm; it should be considered a heterogeneous disease where a “one-treatment-fits-all” approach cannot be considered an appropriate option. This is a wide overview on the main partial breast irradiation advantages, risks, timings, techniques, and available recommendations. We aim to provide practical findings to support clinical decision-making, exploring future perspectives, towards a balance for optimisation of breast cancer.
•A personalized conservative approach address patient's individual risk of relapse.•A “one-treatment-fits-all” approach is not appropriate for breast cancer.•Partial breast irradiation as balance for breast cancer treatment optimisation.•Suitable criteria for partial breast irradiation should be followed for patient selection.
Purpose
We performed a systematic review to document the spatial location of local recurrences (LR) after mastectomy.
Methods
A PubMed search was conducted in August 2019 for the following terms: ...breast Title/Abstract AND cancer Title/Abstract AND recurrence Title/Abstract AND mastectomy Title/Abstract. The search was filtered for English language. Exclusion criteria included studies that did not specify the LR location or studies reporting LR associated with inflammatory breast cancer, or other breast cancers such as phyllodes tumours, lymphoma or associated with sarcoma/angiosarcoma.
Results
A total of 3922 titles were identified, of which 21 publications were eligible for inclusion in the final analysis. A total of 6901 mastectomy patients were included (range 25–1694). The mean LR proportion was 3.5%. Among the total of 351 LR lesions, 81.8% were in the subcutaneous tissue and the skin, while 16% were pectoral muscle recurrences.
Conclusion
Local recurrences are mostly located within the subcutaneous tissue and the skin, assumed to result from unrecognized/subclinical tumour foci left behind after mastectomy, surgical implantation of tumour cells in the wound/scar and/or tumour emboli within the subcutaneous lymphatics. Pectoral muscle recurrences are less frequent and may be attributed to residual disease along the posterior surgical margin and/or lymphatic involvement.
Recent findings from literature evidenced that metastatic prostate cancer often shows heterogeneous response to therapy, with persistent sensibility to systemic treatments after biochemical, ...clinical, or radiographic progression. This highlights the advantage of integrated approaches in which local ablative treatments (e.g., stereotactic body radiation therapy) could prolong clinical benefit of systemic therapies beyond oligo-progression. Of course, development of predictive biomarker could be helpful in order to select patients who could much benefit from this treatment strategy. Circulating tumor cell detection and analysis could also have a crucial role in this field. A joint effort of two prospective ongoing trials (ARTO, clinical.gov identifier NCT03449719 and PRIMERA, clinical.gov identifier NCT04188275) might help to improve criteria to select patients in whom a local ablative approach might confer significant benefit. In this commentary, we summarized recent data from literature to support this thesis.
Artificial intelligence demonstrated its value for automated contouring of organs at risk and target volumes as well as for auto-planning of radiation dose distributions in terms of saving time, ...increasing consistency, and improving dose-volumes parameters. Future developments include incorporating dose/outcome data to optimise dose distributions with optimal coverage of the high-risk areas, while at the same time limiting doses to low-risk areas. An infinite gradient of volumes and doses to deliver spatially-adjusted radiation can be generated, allowing to avoid unnecessary radiation to organs at risk. Therefore, data about patient-, tumour-, and treatment-related factors have to be combined with dose distributions and outcome-containing databases.
•Artificial intelligence is used in target delineation and treatment planning.•Benefits are expected from individualising dose based on recurrence patterns.•Collaboration between different expertises is essential to generate models.
Recent advances in non-metastatic breast cancer radiation therapy significantly reshaped our views on modern dose and fractionation schedules. Especially the advent of hypofractionation and partial ...breast irradiation defined a new concept of treatment optimization, that should strongly include both patient and tumour characteristics in the physician’s decision-making process. Unfortunately, hypofractionation for breast cancer radiation therapy needed long time to enter the routine practice during the last decades despite the level-1 evidence published over time. Hereby we present the Italian Association for Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO) Breast Cancer Group position statements for postoperative breast cancer radiation therapy volume, dose, and fractionation to harmonically boost routine clinical practice implementation following evidence-based data.
In this narrative review, we aim to explore the ability of radiation therapy to eradicate breast cancer regional node metastasis. It is a journey through data of older trials without systemic therapy ...showing the magnitude of axillary therapy (surgery versus radiation) on cancer control. Considering that both systemic and loco-regional therapies were shown to reduce any recurrence with a complex interaction, our review includes surgical, radiation, and radiobiology consideration for breast cancer, and provide our view of future practise. The aim is to provide information optimise radiation therapy in the era of primary systemic therapy.
Highlights • Oral mucositis is a complication of radiotherapy used for head-neck cancer treatment. • Rosiglitazone protects normal tissues from radiation-induced oral mucositis. • Rosiglitazone does ...not protect the tumor from therapeutic effect of irradiation. • Rosiglitazone could be proposed as radioprotective agent in head-neck cancer.
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