Soil fertility is essential for maintaining pastures. For this reason, fertilizer alternatives are being sought for more sustainable production, such as using wood ash, which has potential as a ...fertilizer alternative. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the use of wood ash as a liming material associated with two application strategies to the soil. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Rondonópolis, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, and conducted in two consecutive years (2021 and 2022) corresponding to maintenance periods of grass pasture. The experimental design was a strip-plot design with randomized blocks. Treatments were five rates of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 t ha
−1
) and two application strategies of wood ash (incorporated and not incorporated into the soil), with four replications. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression (p ≤ .05). The increment of wood ash doses positively affected the soil pH. In the second maintenance period (2021) a dry mass (DM) yield was found the highest for the incorporated application of 15.49 t DM ha
−1
, while the not-incorporated application strategy provided a productivity of 14.02 t DM ha
−1
. The wood ash doses that provided the highest yield of pasture ranged from 16 to 32 t ha
−1
. In the evaluated period (2021-2022), the grass pasture was more affected by wood ash doses than by application strategies to the soil.
The use of waste such as wood ash as an alternative fertilizer in agricultural production can result in an improvement in the chemical and biological characteristics of the soil. The objective of ...this research was to evaluate the effect of doses and management of wood ash application in the organic matter content and biological attributes of the soil in a Cerrado area cultivated with Urochloa brizantha cv BRS paiaguás. The experiment was performed in randomized blocks, in a 5 × 2 striped scheme, with five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 t ha
−1
) and two application managements (with and without incorporation to the soil) with four repetitions. The variables analyzed were: soil organic matter content, microbial biomass carbon, basal respiration, qCO
2
and β-glucosidase activity. During the evaluations it was observed a reduction of 0.36 g kg
−1
of organic matter for each ton of ash applied to the soil, regardless of management. This reduction also occurred in microbial biomass carbon and β-glucosidase activity. initially the ash doses elevated the soil respiration and the metabolic quotient, evidencing a small stress in the soil microbiota, however, in the last evaluation the rates of these two variables remained stable. The application of wood ash, in doses ranging from 16 to 24 t ha
−1
, can be used as soil conditioner and fertilizer in pastures, because it results in better conditions for the soil.
Peanuts ('Arachis hypogaea L.') are a high-protein alternative for making up for nutritional deficiencies. Adequate irrigation management is essential for greater productivity of this crop, ...especially in Brazilian Cerrado. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the productive characteristics of peanuts subjected to different irrigation levels under controlled conditions. The research was conducted in the Savannah region at the Federal University of Rondonopolis, in Rondonopolis - Mato Grosso, Brazil. The soil used to grow the peanuts was Oxisol. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments (50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, and submerging at 150% of field capacity) and five replications. The analyzed variables included the number of pods, number of grains per pod, pod dry mass, and dry mass of grains. The number of pods and the number of grains per pot fitted the increasing linear model as a function of different levels of field capacity. On the other hand, the pod dry mass and dry mass of grains per pod showed a quadratic regression behavior. Different levels of field capacity had a significant impact on peanut productivity. The treatment with 100% of field capacity yielded the best results in terms of peanut productivity and grain quality.
Plant resistance to drought stress is a parameter that should be studied with more emphasis in the search for higher agricultural yields. In this scenario, research within breeding programs should be ...directed toward specific mechanisms of action and important agricultural crops in worldwide agribusiness. From this perspective, this study carried out a bibliographic investigation regarding the advances in genetic improvement aimed at drought stress in crops using a hybrid model of analysis of scientific articles. The analysis employed bibliometric parameters for qualitative and quantitative discussion of scientific production and the methodological process of systematic review for the synthesis of the results obtained. The work was divided into four stages: the search for articles in databases, meta-analysis, bibliometric analysis, and systematic analysis. Scientific articles were searched for on the Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science databases within a 20-year timeframe. Most authors and institutions were from Asian countries, demonstrating the need for global expansion of research on the subject. With regard to the co-occurrence networks between the keywords used in the search, a focus was observed on the following terms: drought resistance, drought stress; drought, and drought tolerance. Evidently, the primary mechanism of tolerance or even resistance studied in breeding programs is associated with the expression of genes and genetically modified organisms that confer resistance to plants. Also, the crops addressed in the research retrieved are highly diverse.
Fertilization management is essential for forage production. However, excessive use of synthetic fertilizers causes environmental imbalances. An alternative to reduce these effects is to seek ...alternative fertilizers, such as wood ash produced from agro-industrial waste, when integrated with appropriate base saturation management. This study aims to compare the effects of fertilization with wood ash (WA), organomineral (OM), and mineral (M) fertilizers associated with different levels of base saturation on the growth and water productivity of Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of three types of fertilization (WA, OM and M) and three levels of base saturation (0, 25%, and 50%). Leaf area, chlorophyll index, shoot dry mass and root dry mass, water consumption, and water productivity of Zuri grass were evaluated. The results showed significant increases in leaf area, with values of up to 4564.5 cm2.pot−1 and a chlorophyll index of up to 36.2 units. In addition, the dry mass of the aerial part reached up to 46.7 g.pot−1, and the dry mass of the roots reached 21.7 g.pot−1 with the use of OM fertilizers. These values represent an increase of between 43.1% and 69.6% compared to the values of conventional fertilizers. In addition, water productivity reached 4.9 g.L−1 with WA-based fertilizers, an increase of around 39% compared to the values of mineral fertilizers.
Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are a high-protein alternative for making up for nutritional deficiencies. Adequate irrigation management is essential for greater productivity of this crop, especially ...in Brazilian Cerrado. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the productive characteristics of peanuts subjected to different irrigation levels under controlled conditions. The research was conducted in the Savannah region at the Federal University of Rondonópolis, in Rondonópolis - Mato Grosso, Brazil. The soil used to grow the peanuts was Oxisol. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments (50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, and submerging at 150% of field capacity) and five replications. The analyzed variables included the number of pods, number of grains per pod, pod dry mass, and dry mass of grains. The number of pods and the number of grains per pot fitted the increasing linear model as a function of different levels of field capacity. On the other hand, the pod dry mass and dry mass of grains per pod showed a quadratic regression behavior. Different levels of field capacity had a significant impact on peanut productivity. The treatment with 100% of field capacity yielded the best results in terms of peanut productivity and grain quality.
Há uma grande demanda pela cultura da alface, por apresentar um baixo custo e possuir excelentes qualidades nutricionais. O cultivo de hortaliças é um desafio, pois existem diversos fatores que ...influenciam em sua produção, entre eles, destaca-se o fator climático, devido à dificuldade de produção em períodos chuvosos. Uma das alternativas é o cultivo dessas culturas em ambientes protegidos e controlados, utilizando o sistema hidropônico. Umas das características na hidroponia é o cultivo sem solo, em que os nutrientes são fornecidos às plantas através de uma solução nutritiva. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se criar um sistema de correção automático de solução nutritiva em sistema hidropônico utilizando microcontroladores de baixo custo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis-UFR, em casa de vegetação. Foi construído um protótipo de um sistema hidropônico constituído de uma bancada com perfis utilizando Policloreto de Vinila. O fluxo intermitente da solução nutritiva foi realizado através de uma bomba acionada em intervalos de cinco minutos. O pH e a condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva foram controlados e monitorados através de um sensor resistivo e um de pH próprio para Arduíno. Com a instalação do sistema, foram inseridas mudas de alface crespa com 30 dias após emergência, em conjunto com a solução nutritiva, desenvolvendo-se até o final do ciclo de 45 dias dentro do sistema hidropônico. As variáveis analisadas foram área foliar, massa fresca e número de folhas. As plantas de alface desenvolveram-se adequadamente dentro do sistema hidropônico com correção automática de solução nutritiva.
Fertilization management is essential for forage production. However, excessive use of synthetic fertilizers causes environmental imbalances. An alternative to reduce these effects is to seek ...alternative fertilizers, such as wood ash produced from agro-industrial waste, when integrated with appropriate base saturation management. This study aims to compare the effects of fertilization with wood ash (WA), organomineral (OM), and mineral (M) fertilizers associated with different levels of base saturation on the growth and water productivity of Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of three types of fertilization (WA, OM and M) and three levels of base saturation (0, 25%, and 50%). Leaf area, chlorophyll index, shoot dry mass and root dry mass, water consumption, and water productivity of Zuri grass were evaluated. The results showed significant increases in leaf area, with values of up to 4564.5 cmsup.2.potsup.−1 and a chlorophyll index of up to 36.2 units. In addition, the dry mass of the aerial part reached up to 46.7 g.potsup.−1, and the dry mass of the roots reached 21.7 g.potsup.−1 with the use of OM fertilizers. These values represent an increase of between 43.1% and 69.6% compared to the values of conventional fertilizers. In addition, water productivity reached 4.9 g.Lsup.−1 with WA-based fertilizers, an increase of around 39% compared to the values of mineral fertilizers.
A ureia é o fertilizante nitrogenado mais utilizado no Brasil devido a sua alta concentração de nitrogênio, porém algumas características químicas reduz a sua eficiência de uso pelas plantas, devido ...a perdas por lixiviação e volatilização. Assim objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos das combinações de diferentes fontes de nitrogênio nas características produtivas do capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás cultivado em Latossolo Vermelho. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação. O delineamento experimental utlizado foi inteiramente casualizados, com cinco tratamentos: T1: tratamento controle- sem aplicação de nitrogênio; T2: uréia convencional, aplicação única; T3: uréia de liberação controlada- Polyblen®, aplicação única; T5: Uréia convencional, dose aplicada em 2 parcelas; T5: Uréia de liberação controlada-Polyblen®, dose aplicada em 2 parcelas. Foram avaliados: massa seca e massa fresca do colmo e da folha, com intervalos de 30, 60 e 90 dias após a emergência, e volume de raízes ao final do experimento. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo teste F e, quando significativos, submetidos ao teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A adubação nitrogenada influência de forma positiva em todas as características avaliadas independentemente do tipo de ureia no capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás. Os tratamentos T4 (uréia convencional) e T5 (uréia de liberação controlada), que forneceram o nitrogênio em duas aplicações foram mais eficientes no aumento das características produtivas do capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás. O tratamento T4 proporcionou maior estabilidade na produção de massa secas da parte aérea nos três cortes foram aplicados nas plantas.
O nitrogênio é o nutriente requerido em maiores quantidades pelas pastagens e está diretamente ligado à produtividade de massa verde por hectare, bem como ao teor de proteína. Assim, objetivou-se, ...avaliar a eficiência de fontes de nitrogênio ureia de liberação controlada polyblen® e ureia convencional no cultivo de Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiguás nas características fitométricas. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação na Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis-MT. Foi realizado a correção do solo através da calagem e adubação de semeadura com fósforo, potássio e micronutrientes. A adubação nitrogenada foi conforme os tratamentos com as fontes de ureia de liberação controlada e convencional. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos; controle, ureia 100% recomendado, polyblen® 100% recomendado, ureia 50%+50% recomendado e polyblen 50%+50% recomendado, sendo os dois últimos tratamentos parcelados em duas aplicações com intervalos de 30 dias. As avaliações foram realizadas aos 15,30, 45, 60, 75 e 90 DAE, totalizando 6 avaliações com intervalos de 15 dias, avaliando número de folhas, número de perfilhos, altura de planta (cm), índice de clorofila. A aplicação de nitrogênio influencia positivamente no número de folhas, número de perfilhos, altura de planta e índice de clorofila.
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