Fine count two‐ply yarn supercapacitors are constructed from carbon nanotube yarns and polyaniline nanowires. The thread‐like supercapacitor possess excellent electrochemical capacity and are very ...strong and flexible. When being woven or knitted into wearable electronic devices, alone or in combination with conventional textile yarns, the two‐ply yarn supercapacitors can be flexed and stretched repeatedly without significant loss of capacitance.
Abstract
Na-ion cathode materials operating at high voltage with a stable cycling behavior are needed to develop future high-energy Na-ion cells. However, the irreversible oxygen redox reaction at ...the high-voltage region in sodium layered cathode materials generates structural instability and poor capacity retention upon cycling. Here, we report a doping strategy by incorporating light-weight boron into the cathode active material lattice to decrease the irreversible oxygen oxidation at high voltages (i.e., >4.0 V vs. Na
+
/Na). The presence of covalent B–O bonds and the negative charges of the oxygen atoms ensures a robust ligand framework for the NaLi
1/9
Ni
2/9
Fe
2/9
Mn
4/9
O
2
cathode material while mitigating the excessive oxidation of oxygen for charge compensation and avoiding irreversible structural changes during cell operation. The B-doped cathode material promotes reversible transition metal redox reaction enabling a room-temperature capacity of 160.5 mAh g
−1
at 25 mA g
−1
and capacity retention of 82.8% after 200 cycles at 250 mA g
−1
. A 71.28 mAh single-coated lab-scale Na-ion pouch cell comprising a pre-sodiated hard carbon-based anode and B-doped cathode material is also reported as proof of concept.
Single‐walled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite yarn is prepared using a wet‐spinning method. After thermal treatment, mesoporous all‐carbon yarn is obtained. Based on this material, flexible ...all‐solid‐state yarn micro‐supercapacitors are fabricated. Electrochemical results show high specific capacitance and energy density, good rate capability and stable cycling life. Results of this research offer prospect for application in portable and wearable electronics.
Fabrication of a flexible organic electrode by growing polyimide nanoflakes on single‐wall carbon nanotube films is presented. The flexible electrode exhibits high capacity and outstanding rate ...capability. This electrode is promising for the application in high‐power flexible lithium‐Ion batteries.
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Treating colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a clinical challenge. Studies have shown that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical step in tumor progression and ...transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling has been shown to play a crucial role in EMT. Here, we investigate the inhibition effect of Ginsenoside Rb2, main bioactive component of ginseng, in human colorectal cancer cells via TGF-β1.
The current study aims to study the inhibitory effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 on HCT116 and SW620 cells and its anti-tumor mechanism.
Histomorphological analysis and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate expression of TGF-β1 in human cancerous colon samples and the adjacent normal samples. The docking simulation assay were performed to explore the potential mode of binding of Ginsenoside Rb2 to the TGF-β1 protein. CCK8, adhesion and invasion assay were used to assess the effects of Ginsenoside Rb2 in HCT116 and SW620 cells. RT-PCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemical staining were employed to detect the TGF-β1-related signaling pathways in the colon cancer cells and/or xenograft mice.
The expression of TGF-β1 in human cancerous colon samples was significantly increased compared with the adjacent normal samples. Ginsenoside Rb2 inhibit the growth, adhesion, EMT and metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells. The docking simulation assay confirmed that Ginsenoside Rb2 bound to the hydrophobic pocket of TGF-β1, which partially overlaps with the binding sites on TGF-β1, and thus disrupted TGF-β1 dimerization. Western Blot analysis further confirmed that Ginsenoside Rb2 could inhibit the expression of TGF-β1 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Ginsenoside Rb2 could inhibit the expression of Smad4 and phosphorylated Smad2/3.
Ginsenoside Rb2 could inhibit EMT of colorectal cancer cells through the TGF-β1/Smad signaling, and might be a potential candidate for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
To improve the accuracy of shallow neural networks in processing complex signals and cable fault diagnosis, and to overcome the shortage of manual dependency and cable fault feature extraction, a ...deep learning method is introduced, and a time-frequency domain joint impedance spectrum is proposed for cable fault identification and localization based on a deep belief network (DBN). Firstly, based on the distribution parameter model of power cables, we model and analyze the cables under normal operation and different fault types, and we obtain the headend input impedance spectrum and the headend input time-frequency domain impedance spectrum of cables under various operating conditions. The headend input impedance amplitude and phase of normal operation and different fault cables are extracted as the original input samples of the cable fault type identification model; the real part of the headend input time-frequency domain impedance of the fault cables is extracted as the original input samples of the cable fault location model. Then, the unsupervised pre-training and supervised inverse fine-tuning methods are used for automatically learning, training, and extracting the cable fault state features from the original input samples, and the DBN-based cable fault type recognition model and location model are constructed and used to realize the type recognition and location of cable faults. Finally, the proposed method is validated by simulation, and the results show that the method has good fault feature extraction capability and high fault type recognition and localization accuracy.
Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are booming in multiple fields due to a rapid development in the last decade. However, limited by operational lifespans, a growing number of spent LIBs reaching the end ...of their lives are consequently faced with serious accumulation and descended to hazardous waste. Without proper disposal, the spent LIBs will inevitably cause negative influence on the ecology and undermine the sustainable manufacture of LIBs. The initial research of recycling strategies mainly focused on the optimization of metallurgical processes. Recently, the sustainability of the recycling process has attracted much more attention and become an important factor. Here, we summarize the recent progress of the spent LIBs recycling from a sustainable perspective, especially discussing the green innovations in recycling strategies for spent LIBs. Through this article, we expect to reveal the challenges and developing tendency of the recycling strategies and provide a guideline for future researches on processing spent LIBs and beyond, like the recycling of the solid‐state lithium metal batteries.
The current recycling methods adopted in the industry are mainly based on conventional metallurgical processes, which usually require large energy consumption and generate heavy pollution. In the context of sustainable development of LIBs, more innovations on green recycling of batteries have emerged. Through summarizing the novel strategies reported recently, we expect to provide a guideline for future researches on processing spent LIBs.
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Excessive inflammation and the pyroptosis of vascular endothelial cells caused by estrogen deficiency is one cause of atherosclerosis in post-menopausal women. The autophagy is highly ...regulated by estrogen, however whether estrogen can reduce vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis through estrogen receptor-mediated activation of autophagy to improve atherosclerosis in post-menopausal stage is still unknown.
To explore whether estrogen can prevent atherosclerosis by regulating estrogen receptor and subsequently activating autophagy to reduce inflammation and pyroptosis.
Aortic samples from pro-menopausal and post-menopausal women with ascending aortic arteriosclerosis were analyzed, and bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) female ApoE-/- mice and homocysteine (Hcy)-treated HUVECs were used to analyze the effect of estrogen supplementation therapy.
The aortic endothelium showed a decrease in ERα expression and autophagy, but presented an increase in inflammation and pyroptosis in female post-menopausal patients. Estrogen treatment accelerated autophagy and ameliorated cell pyroptosis in the cardiac aortas of OVX ApoE-/- mice and Hcy-treated HUVECs. Estrogen had therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis and improved the symptoms associated with lipid metabolism disorders in OVX ApoE-/- mice. Inhibition and silencing of ERα led to a reduction in the autophagy promoting ability of estrogen and aggravated pyroptosis. Moreover, the inhibition of autophagy promoted pyroptosis and abolished the protective effect of estrogen, but had no influence on ERα expression.
The results of the present study demonstrated that post-menopausal women present decreased autophagy and ERα expression and excessive damage to the ascending aorta. In addition, in vitro and in vivo assay results demonstrated that estrogen prevents atherosclerosis by upregulating ERα expression and subsequently induces autophagy to reduce inflammation and pyroptosis.
Organic electrode materials are promising and future candidates for applications such as cathode in green lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a nanocomposite electrode comprised polyimide ...nanostructures on few layers exfoliated graphene (PI–FLEG) was developed via a simple in situ polymerization in well dispersed exfoliated graphene sheets. The electrochemical properties of PI–FLEG were significantly increased with the graphene additives and were utilized efficiently when compared with the pure polyimide. When employed as the cathode in LIBs, PI–FLEG can deliver a discharge capacity of 177 mA h g −1 at 0.1C. PI–FLEG retains 80% of its initial discharge capacity after 200 cycles at 0.5C. The significant capacity, good cycling performance and low resistance of PI–FLEG are attributed to the synergistic effects of the vertically grown polyimide on dispersed graphene sheets. This type of electrode may hold an insight for high energy density organic cathodes in rechargeable LIBs.
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