Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large segment of the transcriptome that do not have apparent protein-coding roles, but they have been verified to play important roles in diverse biological processes, ...including disease pathogenesis. With the development of innovative technologies, an increasing number of novel ncRNAs have been uncovered; information about their prominent tissue-specific expression patterns, various interaction networks, and subcellular locations will undoubtedly enhance our understanding of their potential functions. Here, we summarized the principles and innovative methods for identifications of novel ncRNAs that have potential functional roles in cancer biology. Moreover, this review also provides alternative ncRNA databases based on high-throughput sequencing or experimental validation, and it briefly describes the current strategy for the clinical translation of cancer-associated ncRNAs to be used in diagnosis.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as a novel class of non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. More than 1000 miRNAs have been identified in human cells ...to date, and they are reported to play important roles in normal cell homeostasis, cell metastasis and disease pathogensis and progression. MiR-125, which is a highly conserved miRNA throughout diverse species from nematode to humans, consists of three homologs hsa-miR-125a, hsa-miR-125b-1 and hsa-miR-125-2. Members of this family have been validated to be down-regulated, exhibiting its disease-suppressing properties in many different types of diseases, while they also have disease-promoting functions in certain contexts. MiR-125 targets a number of genes such as transcription factors, matrix-metalloprotease, members of Bcl-2 family and others, aberrance of which may lead to abnormal proliferation, metastasis and invasion of cells, even carcinomas. Furthermore, miR-125 plays a crucial role in immunological host defense, especially in response to bacterial or viral infections. In this review, we summarize the implication of miR-125 family in disease suppression and promotion, focusing on carcinoma and host immune responses. We also discussed the potential of this miRNA family as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for different diseases in future.
Semiconducting ferroelectricity is realized in hybrid perovskite‐type compounds (cyclohexylammonium)2PbBr4−4xI4x (x = 0–1). By adjusting the composition x, the bandgap is successfully tuned from ...previously reported 3.65 eV to as low as 2.74 eV, and the excellent ferroelectricity was kept intact. This finding may contribute to improving the photoelectronic and/or photovoltaic performance of hybrid perovskite‐type compounds.
Analyzing the domestic patent records filed with the United State Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in the 16-year time period from 1990 to 2005, this study benchmarks the collaboration patterns ...and gender-specific performance in patenting nanotechnology, a newly emerging field, with those in the general area across all technological fields (thereafter
the overall tech area
, a proxy of traditional technological fields). Going beyond what has been discovered in a previous study that women’s involvement in patenting is lower than their male peers in nanotechnology, the empirical evidence reported here suggests that the gap to women’s disadvantage was smaller in
nanotechnology
than in
the overall tech area
in the studied period. The major finding of this study is that, while more than 90% of patents across fields were from industry where patenting is least likely to be collaborative, nano-patents have more diverse origins (79% from industry and 21 from universities, government, public institutions, and cross-sectoral collaboration) and are more likely to be collaborative outcomes (including those from industry). The profile of nanotechnology patents in terms of workforce sectors has the implication that nanotechnology presents an environment where women are more able to catch collaborative opportunities and engage in patenting. Implications for future research are discussed correspondingly.
Error control coding can be used over free-space optical (FSO) links to mitigate turbulence-induced fading. In this paper, we derive error performance bounds for coded FSO communication systems ...operating over atmospheric turbulence channels, considering the recently introduced gamma-gamma turbulence model. We derive a pairwise error probability (PEP) expression and then apply the transfer function technique in conjunction with the derived PEP to obtain upper bounds on the bit error rate. Simulation results are further demonstrated to confirm the analytical results
Exploring the Construction of intelligent financial management platform based on integrating industry and finance is aimed at improving enterprises’ financial efficiency and management level and ...realizing the efficient Integration of finance and business. This study centers on an in-depth discussion on the Construction of an intelligent financial management platform that integrates industry and finance. The study finds that integration problems between enterprise finance and business management, such as separation of information systems and insufficient performance evaluation system, lead to interdepartmental cooperation and coordination problems. The proposed intelligent financial management platform is based on ERP and CRM systems and processes data through ETL tools to achieve information sharing. The functional Construction of the platform relies on value correction and knowledge transformation of financial big data, and uses multiple linear regression models to optimize data processing. Empirical studies show that Group T has significantly improved its financial efficiency and management level through the implementation of the platform, which is reflected in the reduction of accounting personnel by 60.22% and the significant shortening of the average audit time of finance. Furthermore, fund management capability was improved, management expenses and expenses were decreased, and performance assessment was more comprehensive. The study concludes that the effective implementation of the intelligent financial management platform can significantly improve the effect of the enterprise’s industry-finance Integration, and promote the enterprise’s overall operational efficiency and competitiveness.
Molecular piezoelectrics are highly desirable for their easy and environment-friendly processing, light weight, low processing temperature, and mechanical flexibility. However, although 136 years ...have passed since the discovery in 1880 of the piezoelectric effect, molecular piezoelectrics with a piezoelectric coefficient
comparable with piezoceramics such as barium titanate (BTO; ~190 picocoulombs per newton) have not been found. We show that trimethylchloromethyl ammonium trichloromanganese(II), an organic-inorganic perovskite ferroelectric crystal processed from aqueous solution, has a large
of 185 picocoulombs per newton and a high phase-transition temperature of 406 kelvin (K) (16 K above that of BTO). This makes it a competitive candidate for medical, micromechanical, and biomechanical applications.
Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) density is a biomarker of vessel inflammation, which is supposed to be increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, whether the coronary ...inflammation revealed by this novel index could be alleviated after evolocumab treatment in T2DM remains unknown.
From January 2020 to December 2022, consecutive T2DM patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 70 mg/dL on maximally tolerated statin and taking evolocumab were prospectively included. In addition, patients with T2DM who were taking statin alone were recruited as control group. The eligible patients underwent baseline and follow-up coronary CT angiography with an interval of 48-week. To render patients with evolocumab as comparable to those controls, a propensity-score matching design was used to select the matched pairs with a 1:1 ratio. Obstructive lesion was defined as the extent of coronary artery stenosis ≥ 50%; the numbers inside the brackets were interquartile ranges.
A total of 170 T2DM patients with stable chest pain were included (mean age 64 ± 10.6 range 40-85 years; 131 men). Among those patients, 85 were in evolocumab group and 85 were in control group. During follow-up, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level (2.02 1.26, 2.78 vs. 3.34 2.53, 4.14, p < 0.001), and lipoprotein(a) (12.1 5.6, 21.8 vs. 18.9 13.2, 27.2, p = 0.002) were reduced after evolocumab treatment. The prevalence of obstructive lesions and high-risk plaque features were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 for all). Furthermore, the calcified plaque volume were significantly increased (188.3 115.7, 361.0 vs. 129.3 59.5, 238.3, p = 0.015), while the noncalcified plaque volume and necrotic volume were diminished (107.5 40.6, 180.6 vs. 125.0 65.3, 269.7, p = 0.038; 0 0, 4.7 vs. 0 0, 13.4, p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, PCAT density of right coronary artery was significantly attenuated in evolocumab group (- 85.0 - 89.0, - 82.0 vs. - 79.0 - 83.5, - 74.0, p < 0.001). The change in the calcified plaque volume inversely correlated with achieved LDL-C level (r = - 0.31, p < 0.001) and lipoprotein(a) level (r = - 0.33, p < 0.001). Both the changes of noncalcified plaque volume and necrotic volume were positively correlated with achieved LDL-C level and Lp(a) (p < 0.001 for all). However, the change of PCAT
density only positively correlated with achieved lipoprotein(a) level (r = 0.51, p < 0.001). Causal mediation analysis revealed Lp(a) level mediated 69.8% (p < 0.001) for the relationship between evolocumab and changes of PCAT
.
In patients with T2DM, evolocumab is an effective therapy to decrease noncalcified plaque volume necrotic volume, and increase calcified plaque volume. Furthermore, evolocumab could attenuate PCAT density, at least in part, via the reduction of lipoprotein(a).
Silicon physical unclonable functions (PUFs) produce a sequence of response bits from chip-unique manufacturing variations. Since the response bits are physically derived, there is noise present. To ...generate bit-exact cryptographic keys, error correction algorithms are used. The error correction is typically split into small processing blocks to reduce implementation complexity. The reliability of PUF responses varies from bit to bit, but there has been very little work so far that mathematically analyzes the effect of the block size on the reliability of PUF response sequences. We use the information theoretical concept of typicality to show that the probability of drawing an unreliable sequence decreases exponentially with the block size. We present differential sequence coding that scales efficiently across larger block sizes without having the super-linear increase in decoding complexity of prior approaches. It scans the entire PUF response sequentially and then only operates on one single, maximally reliable, block to generate the cryptographic key. Our sample FPGA implementation with a convolutional code is designed for a popular SRAM PUF scenario. It generates a 128-bit key for an average input bit error probability of 15% with an output bit error probability of 6.14 · 10 -9 and only uses 974 PUF bits and 1, 108 helper data bits. There are 36% less PUF bits and 71% less helper data bits than the best previous individual results in both criteria without increasing the implementation size of the key generation module noticeably.
This mini review provides an overview of a range of Ni‐, Co‐ and Pd‐catalyzed electroreductive cross‐coupling reactions. The combination of homogeneous transition‐metal catalysis and electrochemistry ...are green alternatives to traditional reductive cross‐coupling reactions to form Csp2‐Csp2, Csp2‐Csp3 and some Csp3‐Csp3 bonds in one step. Most of these reactions use the sacrificial anode process.
M.G. thanks the “China Scholarship Council” for the fellowship, and the authors are very grateful to the CNRS and Institut Polytechnique de Paris, which support this work.
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