Abstract
PSR J2150+3427 is a 0.654 s pulsar discovered by the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey. From the follow-up observations, we find that the pulsar is in a highly eccentric orbit (
e
= ...0.601) with an orbital period of 10.592 days and a projected semimajor axis of 25.488 lt-s. Using 2.7 yr of timing data, we also measured the rate of periastron advance
ω
̇
= 0.0115(4) deg yr
−1
. An estimate for the total mass of the system using the
ω
̇
gives
M
tot
= 2.59(13)
M
⊙
, which is consistent with most of the known double neutron star (DNS) systems and one neutron star (NS)–white dwarf (WD) system named B2303+46. Combining
ω
̇
with the mass function of the system gives the masses of
M
p
< 1.67 and
M
c
> 0.98
M
⊙
for the pulsar and the companion star, respectively. This constraint, along with the spin period and orbital parameters, suggests that it is possibly a DNS system, and we cannot entirely rule out the possibility of an NS–WD system. Future timing observations will vastly improve the uncertainty in
ω
̇
, and are likely to allow the detection of additional relativistic effects, which can be used to modify the values of
M
p
and
M
c
. With a spin-down luminosity of
E
̇
= 5.07(6) × 10
29
erg s
−1
, PSR J2150+3427 is a very low-luminosity pulsar, with only the binary pulsar J2208+4610 having a smaller
E
̇
.
A reliable and practical Reformatsky reaction of ethyl iodide acetate with ketones for the synthesis of chiral β‐hydroxyl carbonyl compounds in good yields and excellent enantioselectivities is ...presented. A readily available dihydroindole derivative was used as chiral catalyst, ethyl iodide acetate was the nucleophile, and Me2Zn was the zinc source. The presence of air was found to be essential for the efficient construction of new carbon–carbon bonds through a radical pathway.
Asymmetric Reformatsky reaction of ethyl iodide acetate with ketones was realized via the initiation of Me2Zn and the proper stereocontrol of the chiral Zn‐indolinylmethanol complex. Various chiral β‐hydroxyl carbonyl compounds were obtained in good yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97 % ee).
ABSTRACT
In our work, we analyse 5 × 104 single pulses from the recycled pulsar PSR J2222−0137 in one of its scintillation maxima observed by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope ...(FAST). PSR J2222−0137 is one of the nearest and best studies of binary pulsars and a unique laboratory for testing gravitational theories. We report single pulses’ energy distribution and polarization from the pulsar’s main-pulse region. The single-pulse energy follows the lognormal distribution. We resolve a steep polarization swing, but at the current time resolution ($64\ \mu {\rm s}$), we find no evidence for the orthogonal jump in the main-pulse region, as has been suspected. We find a potential sub-pulse drifting period of $P_{3} \sim 3.5 P$. We analyse the jitter noise from different integrated numbers of pulses and find that its σj is $270\pm {9}\ {\rm ns}$ for 1-h integration at 1.25 GHz. This result is useful for optimizing future timing campaigns with FAST or other radio telescopes.
The process of cancer metastasis involves a series of sequential and complex steps. Here we give a perspective on recent results regarding noncoding transcription in cancer progression, focusing on ...the emerging role of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs). LincRNAs target chromatin modification complexes or RNA-binding proteins to alter gene expression programs. Similarly to miRNAs, lincRNAs exhibit distinct gene expression patterns in primary tumors and metastases. We discuss how lincRNAs can be used for cancer diagnosis and prognosis and serve as potential therapeutic targets.
Abstract
The electronic instabilities in CsV
3
Sb
5
are believed to originate from the V 3
d
-electrons on the kagome plane, however the role of Sb 5
p
-electrons for 3-dimensional orders is largely ...unexplored. Here, using resonant tender X-ray scattering and high-pressure X-ray scattering, we report a rare realization of conjoined charge density waves (CDWs) in CsV
3
Sb
5
, where a 2 × 2 × 1 CDW in the kagome sublattice and a Sb 5
p
-electron assisted 2 × 2 × 2 CDW coexist. At ambient pressure, we discover a resonant enhancement on Sb
L
1
-edge (2
s
→5
p
) at the 2 × 2 × 2 CDW wavevectors. The resonance, however, is absent at the 2 × 2 × 1 CDW wavevectors. Applying hydrostatic pressure, CDW transition temperatures are separated, where the 2 × 2 × 2 CDW emerges 4 K above the 2 × 2 × 1 CDW at 1 GPa. These observations demonstrate that symmetry-breaking phases in CsV
3
Sb
5
go beyond the minimal framework of kagome electronic bands near van Hove filling.
The equiatomic NiCoCr alloy exhibits an excellent combination of strength and ductility, even greater than the FeNiCrCoMn high entropy alloy, and also displays a simultaneous increase in strength and ...ductility with decreasing the testing temperature. To systemically investigate the origin of the exceptional properties of NiCoCr alloy, which are related to the evolution of the deformation substructure with strain, interrupted tensile testing was conducted on the equiatomic NiCoCr single-phase solid solution alloy at both cryogenic and room temperatures at five different plastic strain levels of 1.5%, 6.5%, 29%, 50% and 70%. The evolution of deformation substructure was examined using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD), conventional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM), diffraction contrast imaging using STEM (DCI-STEM) and atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. While the deformation substructure mainly consisted of planar dislocation slip and the dissociation of dislocations into stacking faults at small strain levels (≤6.5%), at larger strain levels, additional substructures including nanotwins and a new phase with hexagonal close packed (HCP) lamellae also appeared. The volume fraction of the HCP lamellae increases with increasing deformation, especially at cryogenic temperature. First principles calculations at 0 K indicate that the HCP phase is indeed energetically favorable relative to FCC for this composition. The effects of the nanotwin and HCP lamellar structures on hardening rate and ductility at both cryogenic and room temperature are qualitatively discussed.
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The accurate estimation of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and determination of its pattern-controlling factors is critical to understanding the ecosystem carbon cycle and ensuring ecological ...security. The Sanjiang Plain, an important grain production base in China, is typical of ecosystems, yet its SOC storage and pattern has not been fully investigated because of insufficient soil investigation. In this study, 419 soil samples obtained in 2012 for each of the three soil depth ranges 0-30, 30-60, and 60-100 cm and a geostatistical method are used to estimate the total SOC storage and density (SOCD) of this region. The results give rise to 2.32 Pg C for the SOC storage and 21.20 kg m-2 for SOCD, which is higher than the mean value for the whole country. The SOCD shows notable changes in lateral and vertical distribution. In addition, vegetation, climate, and soil texture, as well as agricultural activities, are demonstrated to have remarkable impacts on the variation in SOCD of this region. Soil texture has stronger impacts on the distribution of SOCD than climate in the Sanjiang Plain. Specifically, clay content can explain the largest proportion of the SOC variations (21.2% in the top 30 cm) and is the most dominant environmental controlling factor. Additionally, the effects of both climate and soil texture on SOCD show a weakening with increasing soil layer depth. This study indicates that reducing the loss of SOC requires effective conservation and restoration efforts of wetlands and forestlands, as well as sensible fertilization. The results from this study provide the most up-to-date knowledge on the storage and pattern of SOC in the Sanjiang Plain and have important implications for the determination of ecosystem carbon budgets and understanding ecosystem services.
An overview of current PCE compositions and synthesis methods is provided, followed by novel applications for PCEs including C–S–H-PCE nano-composites and a description of still unresolved challenges ...for PCE technology. In addition, the functionality of chemical admixtures in specific applications for low-carbon cements and concrete systems is discussed. The action mechanisms of retarders and the recycling system of sludge water by using retarder are introduced. Furthermore, the influence of fluoride ion and the effectiveness of PCE polymers in blended cements and the effect of non-adsorbed polymer are presented. And the impact of special interface modifying materials, of a refined pore structure and of chemical admixtures, particularly shrinkage-reducing agents, is described. The article concludes that more accurate quantitative micro-analytical methods and modeling tools will be needed to obtain a holistic understanding of factors affecting the microstructure of concrete, with the final goal of achieving a more durable concrete.
Abstract Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) are extragalactic bursts of soft X-rays first identified ≳10 yr ago. Since then, nearly 40 events have been discovered, although almost all of these have been ...recovered from archival Chandra and XMM-Newton data. To date, optical sky surveys and follow-up searches have not revealed any multiwavelength counterparts. The Einstein Probe, launched in 2024 January, has started surveying the sky in the soft X-ray regime (0.5–4 keV) and will rapidly increase the sample of FXTs discovered in real time. Here we report the first discovery of both an optical and radio counterpart to a distant FXT, the fourth source publicly released by the Einstein Probe. We discovered a fast-fading optical transient within the 3′ localization radius of EP 240315a with the all-sky optical survey ATLAS, and our follow-up Gemini spectrum provides a redshift, z = 4.859 ± 0.002. Furthermore, we uncovered a radio counterpart in the S band (3.0 GHz) with the MeerKAT radio interferometer. The optical (rest-frame UV) and radio luminosities indicate that the FXT most likely originates from either a long gamma-ray burst or a relativistic tidal disruption event. This may be a fortuitous early mission detection by the Einstein Probe or may signpost a mode of discovery for high-redshift, high-energy transients through soft X-ray surveys, combined with locating multiwavelength counterparts.
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