The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of self-assemblies of diamond (nano-D), silver (nano-Ag), gold (nano-Au), and platinum (nano-Pt) ...nanoparticles with Staphylococcus aureus (bacteria) and Candida albicans (fungi), to determine the possibility of constructing microorganism-nanoparticle vehicles.
Hydrocolloids of individual nanoparticles were added to suspensions of S. aureus and C. albicans. Immediately after mixing, the samples were inspected by transmission electron microscopy.
Visualization of the morphologic interaction between the nanoparticles and microorganisms showed that nano-D, which are dielectrics and exhibit a positive zeta potential, were very different from the membrane potentials of microorganisms, and uniformly surrounded the microorganisms, without causing visible damage and destruction of cells. All metal nanoparticles with negative zeta potential had cell damaging properties. Nano-Ag showed the properties of self-organization with the cells, disintegrating the cell walls and cytoplasmic membranes, and releasing a substance (probably cytoplasm) outside the cell. Arrangement of nano-Au with microorganisms did not create a system of self-organization, but instead a "noncontact" interaction between the nanoparticles and microorganisms was observed to cause damage to fungal cells. Nano-Pt caused both microorganisms to release a substance outside the cell and disintegrated the cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall.
Nano-Ag, nano-Au, and nano-Pt (all metal nanoparticles) are harmful to bacteria and fungi. In contrast, nano-D bind closely to the surface of microorganisms without causing visible damage to cells, and demonstrating good self-assembling ability. The results indicate that both microorganisms could be used as potential carriers for nano-D.
Background
Although inguinal hernia is one of the most common conditions requiring surgical treatment, no reliable information is available on the quality of life of patients with inguinal hernias ...before surgery. Additionally, patients with intense inguinal pain prior to surgery are more susceptible to postoperative chronic pain. In such cases, less invasive laparoscopic techniques can be used, allowing atraumatic mesh fixation to reduce postoperative pain. The aim of the study was to determine, whether these treatments for patients with preoperative pain would minimize upsetting experiences after surgery.
Materials and methods
Data were gathered prospectively from the National Hernia Repair Register for 146 patients who underwent TAPP repairs in the general surgery department (2013–2016). The demographic data were recorded, the pain intensity was determined and patients described the occurrence of pain during ten everyday activities.
Results
The average surgery time was 56.4 min. The follow-up was 23.4 months. The pain before surgery was 4.28 and 12 months after surgery 0.38 (
p
< 0.001). Pain intensity before surgery was scored as 4.1, 4.3, and 4.9 among patients who had a hernia < 12 months, > 1 year, and > 5 years, respectively (
p
= 0.028). Twelve months after surgery, the pain was 0.26, 0.34, and 0.40 (
p
= 0.037), respectively. Patients < 40 years experienced pain before the surgery more often. The intensity of pre-/postoperative pain was significantly higher < 40 years (4.9/0.63) than > 60 years (3.8/0.29).
Conclusions
TAPP inguinal hernia repair with glue fixation significantly decreased the frequency and intensity of the pain compared to that experienced preoperatively. After TAPP repair, the influence of pain on basic everyday activities is substantially lower. Patients under 40 years of age experience frequent and intense pre- and postoperative pain. A longer hernia duration prior to surgery causes increased pre- and postoperative pain.
Abstract
In recent years, the development of nanotechnology opens up new prospects for biomedical applications of unmodified and chemically modified diamond nanoparticles (
DNP
s). The problem of ...biocompatibility of
DNP
s is thus of primary importance. The first step in the modification of
DNP
s is usually the introduction of ‒
OH
groups, which can bind other functional groups. One of the basic methods to introduce ‒
OH
groups onto
DNP
s is the Fenton reaction. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of unmodified
DNP
s and nanoparticles modified by the Fenton reaction on human endothelial cells. Ultradisperse diamond (
UDD
) was modified by the Fenton reaction introducing surface ‒
OH
groups. Immortalized human umbilical cord endothelial cells (
HUVEC
‐
ST
) were incubated with 2–100 µg/mL nanopowders in the opti‐
MEM
medium. For comparison, graphite powder (
GRAF
and
GRAF
+
OH
) was also employed. UDD and GRAF augmented generation of reactive oxygen species in the cells after 24 H incubation, estimated by oxidation of 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescin diacetate (H2DCF‐DA). Cellular production of nitric oxide, estimated with DAF‐FM‐DA (3‐amino‐4‐aminomethyl 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate), was also affected by UDD and GRAF after 24 H. Fenton‐modified OH, in contrast to unmodified diamond, decreased NO production. Detonation nanoparticles also affected the cellular content of glutathione and activities of main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione
S
‐transferase).
This article was published online on 5 February 2013. Errors in the byline and affiliation line were subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected 18 April 2013.
Carbon powders have extended surface of carbon layers, which is of significant biomedical importance since the powders are employed to cover implants material. Carbon Powder Particles are produced by ...different methods: by a detonation method, by RF PACVD (Radio Frequency Plasma Activated Chemical Vapour Deposition) or MW/RF PCVD (Microwave/Radio Frequency Plasma Activated Chemical Vapour Deposition) and others. Our previous data showed that Carbon Powder Particles may act as antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory factor. However the mechanism of such behavior has been not fully understood. The aim of the work was tested influence carbon powders manufactured by Radio Frequency Plasma Activated Chemical Vapour Deposition RFPACVD method and detonation method on selected parameters of human endothelial cells, which play a crucial role in the regulation of the circulation and vascular wall homeostasis. Graphite powder was used as a control substance. Endothelial cells are actively involved in a wide variety of processes e.g., inflammatory responses to a different type of stimuli (ILs, TNF-alpha) or regulating vasomotor tone via production of vasorelaxants and vasocontrictors. Biological activation is dependent on the type and quantity of chemical bonds on the surface of the powders. The effect of powders on the proliferation of HUVECs (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reduction assay. We found decreased cell proliferation after 72 h treatment with graphite as well as Carbon Powder Particles.
In compliance with the definition of biocompatibility, nanocrystalline diamond coatings covering medical implants first of all possess properties of the ideally biocompatible material, maintaining ...homeostasis of the intrinsic environment despite the presence of implant.
The aim of the study was to confirm a high degree of diamond compatibility with the human organism in order to investigate the so called extended surface. For this reason, the diamond powder particles (DPP) was a subject of investigations.
A novel assay for testing the biocompatibility of highly dispersed solid-state biomaterials was developed and applied to DPP preparation. The assay is based on the phenomenon of rapid upregulation of transcription of some cellular genes in response to various factors, which are interpreted by the cell as stressors by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
The results of the study indicate that DPP have a very high bioactivity on molecular level. Diamond changes gene expression responsible for cancer, and inhibits activity of human neoplasmic cells cultured
in vitro.
Pancreatic tumors account for a small percentage of all malignancies. Most of them are primary and originate from cells of the exocrine pancreas. The remaining primary changes are neuroendocrine ...tumors. The pancreas may also be a target of metastatic lesions. The most common cancer that metastasizes to the pancreas is renal cell carcinoma.
The paper presents two cases of rare metastases to organs of the abdominal cavity: the first patient treated surgically due to two metastatic lesions of renal cell carcinoma in the pancreas, diagnosed many years after radical nephrectomy. The second case of high gastrointestinal obstruction in the course of metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the duodenum. The first patient underwent distal laparotomic resection of the pancreas. The second patient underwent resection of the duodenum and the first jejunal loop with side-to-side duodeno-jejunal anastomosis. Both patients remain under oncological supervision.
Patients after radical nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma require long-term systematic monitoring. Due to the anatomical position of the pancreas and duodenum as well as the number, location and size of metastatic lesions, the course of the disease may be initially asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic. Aggressive surgical treatment of pancreatic metastases creates opportunities for long-term survival.
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of carbon nanoparticles produced by different methods on the growth of brain tumor and the development of blood vessels. Glioblastoma multiforme ...cells were cultured on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken embryo and after 7 days of incubation, were treated with carbon nanoparticles administered in ovo to the tumor. Both types of nanoparticles significantly decreased tumor mass and volume, and vessel area. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed downregulated fibroblast growth factor-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression at the messenger ribonucleic acid level. The present results demonstrate antiangiogenic activity of carbon nanoparticles, making them potential factors for anticancer therapy.
•Results of optical study of coatings obtained by ion sputtering method have been presented.•The results of topography investigation by 3 measurement techniques have been shown.•The DLC, C and SiC ...films exhibited a low surface roughness and high correlation length.•The ellipsometric results have been used to analyze the BRDF data.
The paper describes optical study of SiC, C and NiC layers deposited on Si substrates by double beam ion sputtering (DBIS) method. The following optical methods: ellipsometry, bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF) and total integrated scattering (TIS) studies have been applied. The obtained results allowed us to determine the refractive indices, extinction coefficients and the roughness parameters of DBIS films. Also surface profiles of optical constants determined from scanning ellipsometric measurements have been presented. The power spectral density functions (PSD) of surface roughness for studied samples have been determined. The influence of the deposition technology on film topography has been discussed.
Allergy to Metals as a Cause of Orthopedic Implant Failure Krecisz, Beata; Kieć-Swierczyńska, Marta; Bakowicz-Mitura, Katarzyna
International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health,
2006, Letnik:
19, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Background: A constantly growing social demand for orthopedic implants has been observed in Poland. It is estimated that about 5% of patients experience post-operation complications. It is suspected ...that in this group of patients an allergic reaction contributes to rejection of metal implants. Materials and Methods: The aim of our study was to assess contact allergy to metals in 14 people (9 women and 5 men) suffering from poor implant tolerance. In some of them, recurrent skin eruptions, generalized or nearby implants, have occurred and in 3 patients skin fistula was observed. These complaints appeared one year after operation. The patients underwent patch tests with allergens from the Chemotechnique Diagnostics (Malmö, Sweden), including nickel, chromium, cobalt, palladium, copper, aluminum. In addition, allergens, such as titanium, vanadium and molybdenum prepared by chemical laboratory in the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland, were introduced. Results and Conclusions: Of the 14 patients, 8 persons (5 women and 3 men) were sensitized to at least one metal, mostly to nickel (7/14) and chromium (6/14). Of the 8 sensitized patients, 3 were reoperated. Owing to the exchange of prosthesis the complaints subsided, including healing up skin fibulas. These facts weight in favor of the primeval sensitizing effect of metal prosthesis and the relation between allergy and clinical symptoms of poor tolerance to orthopedic implants.
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