(1) Background: Children spend a lot of time within schools. The school setting generally has many ergonomic hazards and reinforced behavior patterns which put children at greater risk of ...environmental hazards than adults during their critical developmental stages. (2) Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and detect spinal deformities amongst general and technical secondary school students. (3) Methods: A total of 418 students from the second grade of secondary school in Shaquira governorate, Egypt participated in this cross-sectional study. Each student in the study was screened via Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and had their upper limb posture measured via RULA (Rapid Upper Limb assessment), and the deviation in their thoracic curve was measured using a scoliometer. (4) Results: There was a prevalence of MSDs amongst students as there were 69.7% of general school students and 83.8% of the technical school students suffering from MSDs with a statistically significant difference between both technical and general school students in RULA score and musculoskeletal complaints, whereas there were non-statistical differences in the scoliometer scale in both general and technical education students. (5) Conclusions: Musculoskeletal problems are prevalent among Egyptian secondary school students, with higher prevalence between technical school students. Therefore, preventive measures and strategies are recommended to overcome the future complications of these musculoskeletal disorders.
Background: Lymphedema post-mastectomy remains a challenging problem. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of shock wave electrohydraulic treatment (ESWT) for patients with pain and ...lymphedema. Methods: Thirty patients (30 women) with pain & lymphedema post-radical mastectomy were evaluated to participate in this Clinical trial. They were recruited from the Minia Cancer Institute- Minia University and Deraya University outpatient clinics. Their ages varied between the ages of 40 and 50 years. They were divided into two groups. Group (1) 'Group of studies': 15 patients seeking ESWT in addition to conventional medical care. Group (2) 'Control group': 15 people seeking conventional medical care only. Patients of the study group (1) were treated with a number of impulses, at least 500 shocks at E2 at 4Hz (equivalent to 0.11mJ/mm square energy). Treatment sessions were delivered twice weekly for six treatments (3 weeks). The assessment used a Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and arm circumference midway between the shoulder and elbow for lymphedema measurement. Results: showed that (ESWT) on pain and lymphedema measurement post-radical mastectomy effectively decreased pain as evidenced by the highly significant decreases in the visual analogue scale. These results revealed a substantial VAS reduction (P<0.0001). Effects of the ESWT on lymphedema measurement via the arm circumference measurement at the point where the shoulder and the elbow meet post-radical mastectomy were investigated. These results revealed a notable reduction in the mean value of the arm circumference measurement (ACM) (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The significant reductions in VAS and assessment of the ACM arm range show that the ESWT, in addition to conventional therapy, significantly impacted upper limb structural components following radical mastectomy.
Aim: Cirrhosis represents a common histological pathway for a wide variety of chronic liver diseases. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most important cause of liver cirrhosis in Egypt. Although ...cirrhosis has been regarded as a relative contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) as a result of bleeding complications and subsequent liver failure, several reports support the safety of LC in selected patients. This was a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LC in cirrhotic patients.
Methods: A total of 177 hepatitis C positive patients with chronic calculus cholecystitis who here scheduled for LC between January 2010 and March 2011 were included in the present study. LC was carried out on patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Two risk stratification‐schemes were used to estimate the perioperative risk of patients with cirrhosis; the Child–Turcotte–Pugh (CTP) score and the Model for End‐stage Liver Disease (MELD) score.
Results: All patients were HCV‐positive patients with Child class A cirrhosis and MELD score ≤ 9. Mean surgical time was 55 min. Surgical difficulty varied between average in 64%, moderate in 28% and extensive in 8%, where 3.4% required conversion to open cholecystectomy. Postoperative follow up of all patients was a multidisciplinary approach by both surgeons and hepatologists. All patients showed sound recovery confirmed by abdominal sonar to exclude intra‐abdominal collections, and application of both CTP and MELD scores, where all patients kept a Child class A score and MELD score ≤ 9.
Conclusion: LC is a safe procedure for hepatitis C‐positive cirrhotic patients when established risk stratifications systems, such as CTP and MELD scores, are used for evaluation.
Architectural education prepares the students for their professional lives by teaching them design skills and technical knowledge. The design studio is a special course within the architectural ...curriculum, while the design itself is a structured process to accomplish a unique expectation of a product. The concept of sustainability in design is intended to ensure that the design product is in harmony with people and nature. The literature presented a lack of an instructive method of integrating sustainability into the design studio. This paper presents a comparison for the three executed consecutively experimental studies of integrating sustainability principles into the architectural design studio as well as presents a discussion of the experimental studios together with the evaluations and assessments. Also, it presents the post-course interviews' results, discussion, and conclusions. The paper's objective is to present an instructive model of Sustainable Architecture Design Studio (SADS) work that will provide the academic area a complete method that can be followed to integrate sustainability principles into the design studio.
The biological pigment melanin is present in most of the biological systems. It manifests a host of biological and pharmacological properties. Its role as a molecule with special properties and ...functions affecting general health, including photoprotective and immunological action, are well recognized. Its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, radioprotective, hepatic, gastrointestinal and hypoglycaemic benefits have only recently been recognized and studied. It is also associated with certain disorders of the nervous system. In this MiniReview, we consider the steadily increasing literature on the bioavailability and functional activity of melanin. Published literature shows that melanin may play a number of possible pharmacological effects such as protective, stimulatory, diagnostic and curative roles in human health. In this MiniReview, possible health roles and pharmacological effects are considered.
Heat treatments affect the protein stability and functional properties of milk. This review article discusses the effect of heat treatments on camel milk caseins and whey proteins and their ...properties compared with bovine milk. The review summarises existing knowledge on the properties of pasteurised and sterilised milk and milk powders. Camel milk is emerging as an interesting bioactive food for children and adults and is mainly acknowledged for its antidiabetic and hypoallergic effects. The active ingredients responsible for these effects are not yet identified, but seem to be temperature sensitive. Future investigations of the benefits of camel milk are required.
•Major components in cow and camel milk were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy.•NIR and MIR spectroscopy gave different results.•Identification of bias requires validation with reference methods.
...Milk samples (150 cow and 217 camel milk samples) were analyzed for protein, fat, lactose and total solids by near and mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy. Excellent positive correlations between the two methods were obtained for both types of milk (p < 0.001); for protein (r ≥ 0.96), fat (r ≥ 0.99), lactose (r = 0.82) and total solids (r = 0.90). The mean of the relative difference ((MIR values – NIR values)/0.5 (MIR values + NIR values) × 100%) for cow and camel milk were, for protein (+8.2 & +13.4%), fat (−9.3 & +0.9%), lactose (−5.4 &−0.7%) and total solids (−2.2 &−3.4%), respectively. The difference between the two methods may be due to the effects of differences in milk homogeneity, especially with respect to casein micelles and fat globules.
Milk samples were collected from 140 individual dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) to determine the variability in the concentrations of several bioactive whey proteins. The ranges were as ...follows: insulin (IN) (17.8–51.1 mIU/L), insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF1) (1.4–736.1 ng/mL), insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF2) (13.7–82.6 ng/mL), lactoferrin (639.4–2094.9 µg/mL), immunoglobulin G (IgG) (7.3–17.9 mg/mL), peptidoglycan recognition protein‐1 (PGRP‐1) (1.6–22.3 ng/mL), lysozyme (LZ) (23.3–71.4 µg/mL) and lactoperoxidase (LPO) (7.1–15.5 ng/mL). These data demonstrate wide variation in the concentrations of the studied proteins. Significant correlations (P < 0.05) were observed between the concentrations of IN and LZ, IN and IgG, IN and PGRP‐1, LZ and PGRP‐1, IgG and LPO, and IgG and PGRP‐1.
Variability of bioactive whey proteins in Dromedary camel milk samples collected from individual animals.
LC-HR-MS-coupled metabolic profiling of the methanol extracts from different parts of
(L.), which was extensively identified
DNA fingerprinting, led to dereplication of 24 compounds. Cytotoxic ...investigation highlighted both extracts as the most potent, against both MCF-7 and MDA-231 Cell lines, with IC
value of 5.86 ± 0.63 µg/ml and against HCT -116 cell line, with IC
value of 1.24 ± 0.09 µg/ml, respectively. A molecular docking study was performed on the dereplicated compounds, which highlighted myricetin-3-glucoside (
), myricitrin (
), reynoutrin (
) and quercitrin (
) as the top scoring ligands within the protein active site (FIH-1). Interestingly, the extracts were significant against streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the order of flowers > seeds > leaves with BGL level of 98.9 ± 4.3, 123.2 ± 4.9 and 132.8 ± 5.9 mg/dl, respectively. The study highlights the health benefits of
(L.) as a promising cytotoxic source.
Abstract
Background
Acetabular bone loss is a technical challenge in total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study sought to report the functional and radiological results of acetabular reconstruction ...using impaction bone grafting (IBG) in patients with acetabular bone deficiency undergoing primary or revision THA.
Methods
In this prospective study, full history taking, preoperative clinical and radiological evaluation, and preoperative planning and templating were performed. The Paprosky classification and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons classification were used to assess the acetabular deficiencies. Clinical outcomes were assessed utilizing the Harris hip score (HHS) and a 4-question satisfaction questionnaire. Graft incorporation was evaluated in the last follow-up X-rays.
Results
This study included 50 patients with a mean age of 46.7 ± 15.3 years. The THA was primary in 14 (28%) patients and revision in 36 (72%) patients. The mean HHS improved significantly from 28.8 ± 24.1 preoperatively to 76.6 ± 6.1, with a mean follow-up period of 23 months. Overall, 88% of patients were very satisfied. Complete radiological graft incorporation to host bone was achieved in 35 (70%) patients, and the remaining patients had partial incorporation. Complete graft incorporation was associated more frequently with primary THA, autografts, cementless cups, decreased defect size, and decreased graft layer thickness.
Conclusions
IBG for acetabular reconstruction in THA can achieve excellent clinical and radiological outcomes with a low complication rate.
Level of evidence
Level IV.
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