The approval of the national law on collective property (2017) and the almost simultaneous approval of the Friuli Venezia Giulia Regional Landscape Plan(2018) are introducing novelties in the places ...that had mostly seen a resurgence of interest on collective property.. The essay takes as an example one of the areas with the highest density of management claims by fractional communities, one of Carnia's traditional alpine areas, the Canal di Gorto. Its environment was marked both by the demographic crisis and the uncertainty about the stability of the communities in relation to the great economic transformations imposed by globalization and industrial delocalisation. Our aim was to describe the innovations introduced in the last five years in order to understand if any change in the evolution of the management of collective assets is looming. The acknowledgement in the landscape plan of so-called civic uses in Friuli Venezia Giulia has proved to be very partial, despite the cooperation of the Coordination of regional collective properties and the new investigations by the regional planning offices engaged in the formation of the urban planning tool. On the other hand, at least three small villages in 2020 claimed the democratic right to be allowed to manage fractional resources on their own in order to guarantee benefits and services to their inhabitants. The process described is placed within a democratic claim of territorial management capable of producing projects even starting from planning solicitations at a regional level.
The tributes that the residents in a small village in the upper plain of Pordenone used to pay to the Duke of Styria, at the end of the XU century, passed on to the Templar knight and then to the ...Order of Malta. The soldier monks used the place as a travelling station and as location for stocking and selling goods converging there from the entire right side of Tagliamento. The rituality that marked the gathering of such tributes materialised into a series of cadastres called 'cabrei', recording changes in crop and property regime. A comparison between the lots and the current structure of particles shows that the latter has essentially remained unchanged, whereas the system for private land management, landscapes and farming techniques have undergone a dramatic change. Once geo-referenced the 1792 cabreo, a reconstruction of the medieval particles and a comparison with historical cartography allowed us to identify the different agrarian regions defined by late medieval agrarian planning. We turned out with a framework that confirms the existence of a system of masi (traditional rural residences), condensed around a probably pre- existent nucleus with its road system. The village created a poly-focal and informal built environment, surrounded by a system of agrarian regions identified according to the pedologic characters of grounds which were peculiarly dry. Keywords: medieval agrarian planning; medieval particles; medieval setting; history of agriculture; medieval landscapes. Riassunto. I censi dovuti al duca della Stiria dagli abitanti di un piccolo paesino dell'alta pianura pordenonese, sul finire del XII secolo, transitarono ai Cavalieri templari e da loro all'Ordine di Malta. I monaci soldati usavano il luogo sia come stazione durante gli spostamenti, sia come ambiente per lo stoccaggio e la vendita dei prodotti che confluivano qui da tutta la destra Tagliamento. La ritualita con la quale si riscuotevano i censi delle terre si materializzo in una serie di cabrei che registravano i cambiamenti di coltura e le novita nel regime delle proprieta. Il confronto tra i lotti e il disegno attuale del particellato dimostra come quest, ultimo non sia sostanzialmente cambiato, mentre sono profondamente mutati i sistemi di gestione delle terre private, i paesaggi e le tecniche di coltivazione. La georeferenziazione del cabreo del 1792, il ridisegno del particellare medievale ed il confronto con la cartografia storica hanno permesso di riconoscere le diverse regioni agrarie definite dalla pianificazione agraria del bassomedioevo. Ne e uscito un quadro che conferma la costruzione di un sistema di masi addensati a partire da un nucleo e da un sistema stradale probabilmente preesistenti. Labitato dava vita a un ambiente costruito polifocale e informale, attorniato da un sistema di regioni agrarie identificate sulla base del carattere pedologico di suoli particolarmente aridi. Parole-chiave: pianificazione agraria medievale; particellato medievale; insediamento medievale; storia dell'agricoltura; paesaggi medievali.
