To characterize pain management in hospitalized children.
This is an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study of quantitative approach, carried out in a secondary hospital ...in the city of São Paulo, through analysis of 1,251 medical records of children admitted to the pediatric department. Data were tabulated and analyzed through descriptive statistics.
A total of 88.8% of children were assessed for pain with standardized instruments and 86% had analgesia prescribed. Among the assessments, 37.8% of the children had pain; of these, 26% had severe pain, greater in orthopedic conditions; 18.3% were not medicated, even with the presence of pain and prescribed analgesia; 4.3% had no analgesics prescribed; only 0.4% received non-pharmacological measures, and 40.3% had a report of reassessment. Professionals provided greater analgesia to children with surgical and orthopedic conditions compared to clinical conditions (p < 0.05).
Pain management in hospitalized children is ineffective, from initial assessments to reassessments after interventions, with prioritization of medication actions guided by professional judgment in the face of pain complaints.
In this study, we assessed resilience, depression, and quality of life in a group of elderly individuals with or without chronic pain.
A cross-sectional study assessing elderly individuals followed ...up at a geriatrics outpatient clinic and divided into two groups: 54 elderly patients with chronic pain and 54 elderly with no chronic pain.
The sample comprised mainly women (67.6%), with mean age 79.9 years. The mean resilience index in the group with pain was 69.4 and, in the group with no pain, 80.1 (
<0.001). Depression was observed in 35.2% of patients with chronic pain; there was no case of depression in those without chronic pain. Quality of life of the elderly with chronic pain was worse in all the domains assessed: physical, mental, emotional, social, vitality, and pain.
In the study sample, resilience was lower, depression was more frequent, and quality of life was worse in the group of elderly with chronic pain.
To adapt the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale to Brazilian Portuguese with respect to semantic equivalence and cultural aspects, and to evaluate the respective psychometric ...properties (validity, feasibility, clinical utility and inter-rater agreement).
Two-stage descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study involving cultural and semantic validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the scale, and investigation of its psychometric properties (validity, reliability and clinical utility). The sample consisted of 63 inpatients presenting with neurological deficits and unable to self-report pain.
Semantic and cultural validation of the PAINAD scale was easily achieved. The scale indicators most commonly used by nurses to assess pain were "Facial expression", "Body language" and "Consolability". The Brazilian Portuguese version of the scale has proved to be valid and accurate; good levels of inter-rater agreement assured reproducibility.
The scale has proved to be useful in daily routine care of hospitalized adult and elderly patients in a variety of clinical settings. Short application time, ease of use, clear instructions and the simplicity of training required for application were emphasized. However, interpretation of facial expression and consolability should be given special attention during pain assessment training.
Resumo Objetivo Conhecer os benefícios das práticas de enfermagem aos pacientes com dor acompanhados na clinica de dor. Métodos Revisão integrativa de literatura, sendo utilizado o portal eletrônico ...SCIELO, e base de dados CINAHL e PubMed Central, com recorte temporal de 2008 a 2018 e período de coleta de dados entre junho e julho de 2018. Como descritores em saúde (DeCs): Pacientes, Dor crônica, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Clínicas de dor; e, o Medical Subject Heading (MeSH): Patients, Chronic pain, Nurse Care, Pain clinic. Resultados Evidenciou-se que a produção analisada é, majoritariamente, sobre práticas de enfermagem não farmacológica a pacientes com dor crônica, com publicações reduzidas no Brasil e tendem a se concentrar nos últimos cinco anos. O paciente com este tipo de agravo, vivencia condições multifatoriais que influenciam diretamente na condição de saúde, e necessitando de acompanhamento integral por equipe interprofissional, com inclusão da rede cuidadora, através intervenções qualificadas e resolutivas, visando adaptação e ou melhora da sua condição de saúde. Conclusão Os estudos indicam benefícios gerados pelas práticas sistematizadas implementadas por enfermeiros, por meio de instrumentos e ferramentas para detecção, intervenção e avaliação, além de apoio clínico.
Abstract Objective To know the benefits of nursing practices to patients with pain followed-up in the pain clinic. Methods Integrative literature review, using the electronic portal SCIELO, CINAHL and PubMed Central databases, with time cut from 2008 to 2018 and data collection period between June and July 2018. The Health Science Descriptors (DeCs) and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) were: Patients, Chronic pain, Nurse Care, Pain clinic. Results It was evidenced that the production analyzed is mostly on non-pharmacological nursing practices for patients with chronic pain, with reduced publications in Brazil and tended to focus on the last five years. The patient with this type of injury experiences multifactorial conditions that directly influence the health condition, and requires integral follow-up by interprofessional team, including the care network, through qualified and resolutive interventions, aiming at adaptation and/or improvement of their health condition. Conclusion The studies indicate benefits generated by systematized practices implemented by nurses, through instruments and tools for detection, intervention and evaluation, as well as clinical support.
Resumen Objetivo Conocer en la literatura la producción científica sobre prácticas de enfermería para pacientes con dolor crónico realizada en las clínicas de dolor. Métodos Revisión integrativa de literatura, utilizando el portal SCIELO, y las bases CINAHL y PubMed Central, con recorte temporal de 2008 a 2018 y período de recolección de datos de junio a julio de 2018. Como descriptores de salud (DeCs): Pacientes, Dolor Crónico, Atención de Enfermería, Clínicas de Dolor; y, en Medical Subject Heading (MeSH): Patients, Chronic pain, Nurse Care, Pain clinic. Resultados Se evidenció que la producción analizada se refiere principalmente a prácticas de enfermería no farmacológica a pacientes con dolor crónico, con publicaciones reducidas en Brasil, que tienden a concentrarse en los últimos cinco años. Los pacientes con este tipo de problemas experimentan condiciones multifactoriales que influyen directamente en su estado de salud y necesitan un seguimiento completo por equipo interprofesional, incluyendo la red de atención, mediante intervenciones calificadas y resolutivas, con el objetivo de adaptar y/o mejorar su estado de salud. Conclusión Los estudios indican beneficios generados por las prácticas sistematizadas implementadas por enfermeros, a través de instrumentos y herramientas de detección, intervención y evaluación, además del apoyo clínico. El propósito es mejorar la calidad de vida, la adhesión al tratamiento, manejo del autocuidado y minimización del sufrimiento en pacientes con dolor crónico.
INTRODUÇÃO: Resiliência é uma combinação de fatores que propicia ao ser humano condições para enfrentar e superar problemas e adversidades. A dor crônica pode influenciar a forma como o idoso ...enfrenta estas situações. A ansiedade e depressão são doenças prevalentes entre os portadores de dor crônica. As relações entre resiliência, depressão, ansiedade, religiosidade e capacidade física são pouco estudados em idosos sem e com dor crônica. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a resiliência, depressão, ansiedade, religiosidade e capacidade física em um grupo de idosos com e sem dor crônica. MÉTODOS: Este foi um estudo transversal onde foram avaliados idosos acompanhados em ambulatório de geriatria e divididos em dois grupos: 54 idosos com dor crônica e 54 idosos sem dor crônica. A resiliência foi avaliada através da escala de Resiliência Connors & Davidson, a depressão foi avaliada pela Escada de Depressão Geriátrica (GDS), a qualidade de vida através do questionário SF - 36, capacidade funcional através da Medida da Incapacidade Funcional (MIF) e religiosidade através do Questionário de Duke. Para a avaliação da dor crônica foi utilizada a Escala Graduada de Dor Crônica (EGDC). RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 67,6% de mulheres e 32,4% de homens, com idade média de 79,9 anos. No grupo com dor, os locais mais frequentemente acometidos foram os joelhos e região lombar e o tempo de duração da dor entre 1 e 5 anos. O índice médio de resiliência no grupo com dor foi de 69,4, e no grupo sem dor foi de 80,1. Foi encontrada depressão em 35,2 % dos pacientes com dor e não houve caso de depressão nos idosos sem dor. A qualidade de vida nos idosos com dor foi pior em todos os domínios: físico, mental, emocional, social, vitalidade, dor e no aspecto físico comparado ao grupo sem dor. Não houve diferença na religiosidade e na capacidade funcional entre os idosos com e sem dor. CONCLUSÕES: A resiliência é menor em idosos portadores de dor crônica, a depressão é mais frequente em portadores de dor crônica, a qualidade de vida é pior em idosos com dor crônica e não há relação entre dor em idosos e capacidade funcional e religiosidade
INTRODUCTION: Resilience is a combination of factors that provides the human condition to face and overcome problems and adversities. Chronic pain can influence how the elderly facing these situations. Anxiety and depression are prevalent disease among patients with chronic pain. The relationship between resilience, depression, anxiety, religion and physical ability are poorly studied in the elderly and elderly with chronic pain. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the resilience, depression, anxiety, religion and physical ability in a group of elderly patients with and without chronic pain. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated elderly seen in geriatric outpatient and divided into two groups: 54 elderly patients with chronic pain and 54 subjects without chronic pain. Resilience was assessed by Resiliency Connors & Davidson scale depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression (GDS), the quality of life SF - 36, functional capacity through the Measure of Functional Disability (MIF) and religiosity through the Duke Questionnaire. The assessment of chronic pain was used Graded Chronic Pain Scale (EGDC). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 67.6% women and 32.4% men, mean age 79.9 years. In the group with pain, the most commonly affected locations are the knees and lower back and the duration of pain between 1 and 5 years. The resilience average rate in the group with pain was 69.4, and in the group without pain was 80.1. Depression was found in 35.2% of patients with pain and there was no case of depression in the elderly without pain. The quality of life in elderly patients with pain was worse in all areas: physical, mental, emotional and social, vitality, pain and physical appearance compared to the group without pain. No differences in religiosity and functional capacity among the elderly with and without pain. CONCLUSIONS: Resilience is lower in elderly patients with chronic pain, depression is more common in patients with chronic pain, quality of life is worse in older adults with chronic pain and there is no relationship between pain in the elderly and functional capacity and religiosity
The objective of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Behavioral Pain Scale to Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate the psychometric properties of this scale.
This study was conducted ...in two phases: the Behavioral Pain Scale was translated and culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese and the psychometric properties of this scale were subsequently assessed (reliability and clinical utility). The study sample consisted of 100 patients who were older than 18 years of age, admitted to an intensive care unit, intubated, mechanically ventilated, and subjected or not to sedation and analgesia from July 2012 to December 2012. Pediatric and non-intubated patients were excluded. The study was conducted at a large private hospital that was situated in the city of São Paulo (SP).
Regarding reproducibility, the results revealed that the observed agreement between the two evaluators was 92.08% for the pain descriptor "adaptation to mechanical ventilation", 88.1% for "upper limbs", and 90.1% for "facial expression". The kappa coefficient of agreement for "adaptation to mechanical ventilation" assumed a value of 0.740. Good agreement was observed between the evaluators with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.807 (95% confidence interval: 0.727-0.866).
The Behavioral Pain Scale was easy to administer and reproduce. Additionally, this scale had adequate internal consistency. The Behavioral Pain Scale was satisfactorily adapted to Brazilian Portuguese for the assessment of pain in critically ill patients.
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Total knee arthroplasty is one of the most common surgeries performed on patients with osteoarthritis or rheumatic arthritis of the knee. However, total knee ...arthroplasty is associated with moderate to severe pain after the operation. In orthopedics, the prevalence of chronic pain after total knee arthroplasty is much higher than after total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to analyze the current knowledge about postoperative pain in knee arthroplasty. CONTENTS: An integrative review of clinical trials published in English and Portuguese was carried out in the Scielo, Pubmed and LILACS databases. The inclusion criteria consisted of articles published in the last five years, available in full, that addressed the proposed theme. Editorials, letters to the editor, dissertations, repeated articles that did not correspond to the theme were excluded. The search and selection process of the studies followed the PRISMA recommendations. Of the 155 articles found, 58 articles were selected for the present study following the above-mentioned recommendations. CONCLUSION: Several classes of local and systemic drugs, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, and local anesthetics have been used to fight the nociceptive component of postoperative pain. Furthermore, early rehabilitation contributes to better quality of life, self-esteem and reduce the time of hospitalization and hospital expenses.
RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar o manejo da dor em crianças hospitalizadas. Método: Estudo observacional do tipo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, de caráter retrospectivo e descritivo, ...realizado em um Hospital secundário do Município de São Paulo, por meio de análise de 1.251 prontuários de crianças internadas na divisão pediátrica. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Um total de 88,8% das crianças foi avaliado para dor com instrumentos padronizados e 86% tinham analgesia prescrita. Dentre as avaliações, 37,8% das crianças apresentaram dor; dessas, 26% apresentaram dor intensa, maior nas afecções ortopédicas; 18,3% não foram medicadas, mesmo com presença de dor e analgesia prescrita; 4,3% não tinham analgésicos prescritos; apenas 0,4% receberam medidas não farmacológicas e 40,3% tinham registro de reavaliação. Os profissionais propiciaram maior analgesia a crianças com afecções cirúrgicas e ortopédicas em comparação às afecções clínicas (p < 0,05). Conclusão: O manejo da dor em crianças hospitalizadas mostra-se ineficaz, desde as avaliações iniciais até as reavaliações após intervenções, com priorização de ações medicamentosas guiadas pelo julgamento profissional frente a queixa álgica.
ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize pain management in hospitalized children. Method: This is an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study of quantitative approach, carried out in a secondary hospital in the city of São Paulo, through analysis of 1,251 medical records of children admitted to the pediatric department. Data were tabulated and analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 88.8% of children were assessed for pain with standardized instruments and 86% had analgesia prescribed. Among the assessments, 37.8% of the children had pain; of these, 26% had severe pain, greater in orthopedic conditions; 18.3% were not medicated, even with the presence of pain and prescribed analgesia; 4.3% had no analgesics prescribed; only 0.4% received non-pharmacological measures, and 40.3% had a report of reassessment. Professionals provided greater analgesia to children with surgical and orthopedic conditions compared to clinical conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Pain management in hospitalized children is ineffective, from initial assessments to reassessments after interventions, with prioritization of medication actions guided by professional judgment in the face of pain complaints.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Caracterizar el manejo del dolor en niños ingresados. Método: Estudio observacional del tipo transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo, de carácter cuantitativo, de carácter retrospectivo y descriptivo, realizado en un Hospital secundario de la ciudad de São Paulo, por medio de análisis de 1.251 prontuarios de niños ingresados en el sector pediátrico. Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: un 88,8% de los niños fueron evaluados para dolor con instrumentos patrón y un 86% tenían analgesia prescripta. En las evaluaciones, un 37,8% de los niños presentaron dolor; de ésos un 26% presentaron dolor intenso, superior en las afecciones ortopédicas; un 18,3% no fueron medicados, incluso con presencia de dolor y analgesia prescripta; un 4,3% no tenían analgésicos prescriptos; sólo un 0,4% recibieron medidas no farmacológicas y un 40,3% tenían registro de reevaluación. Los profesionales propiciaron analgesia superior a niños con afecciones quirúrgicas y ortopédicas en comparación a las afecciones clínicas (p < 0,05). Conclusión: El manejo del dolor en niños ingresados demuestran ser ineficaces, desde las evaluaciones iniciales hasta las reevaluaciones tras intervenciones, con prioridad de acciones farmacológicas gestionadas por el juzgamiento profesional frente a la queja álgica.
Prevalência de dor em pacientes com melanoma Parreiras, Fernanda Cardoso; Wainstein, Alberto Julius Alves; Morete, Márcia ...
Revista dor,
03/2016, Letnik:
17, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O melanoma maligno vem aumentando a sua incidência em todo o mundo; trata-se de uma neoplasia com elevada morbidade e mortalidade. O sintoma mais comum em pacientes ...com câncer é a dor, que é complexa, multifatorial e impacta diretamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. No entanto, há poucas informações sobre a prevalência de dor nessa população. O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a prevalência de dor em pacientes portadores de melanoma em um serviço de referência, além de obter informações a respeito dos tratamentos e sobre a incapacidade relacionada à dor. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, exploratório de nível I, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado por meio da análise de 306 prontuários de pacientes portadores de melanoma. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dor foi de 38,2%. Dentre os que se queixavam de dor, sua localização era a mesma da lesão em 20,5% dos casos, em 8% dos casos ela era no mesmo local das metástases do melanoma maligno e 55,8% responderam que a dor relacionava-se com a linfadenectomia. Dentre esses pacientes, 70% receberam tratamento para o controle da dor, 2% foram encaminhados para tratamento especializado e 75% relataram incapacidade relacionada à dor. CONCLUSÃO: Dor persistente é um sintoma prevalente e incapacitante relacionado ao melanoma que se relaciona tanto com o procedimento cirúrgico quanto com o estadiamento, o que exige ações de prevenção e tratamento precoce.
To evaluate the behavior of children before and after a therapeutic play session.
A quantitative and descriptive study was carried out in a major hospital of the city of Santos, State of São Paulo, ...involving 30 preschool children recently admitted to a pediatric ward. A behavior scale was applied before and after a therapeutic play session. This scale comprises six categories: moving, gazing, expressing feelings, talking, playing, and not responding to stimuli or requests. Each category is scored from 1 to 3, the lowest score representing the least interaction.
Before therapeutic play sessions, children showed no interest and were scored 1 and 2: moving parts of their bodies and expressing emotions, such as seriousness, and gazing rapidly to a place as if expecting something. After therapeutic play, the children progressed to level 3: changing position, moving with a purpose, observing attentively to what they saw, and expressing emotions such as joy.
Children interact well with the toys, representing home and hospital situations, and expressing feelings of anger and love. We also observed that therapeutic play improved the interactions of children with this new situation, making it easier for them to accept treatment and perceiving hospitalization as less aggressive and painful.
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