In this paper, finite element method is applied to solve boundary control problem governed by elliptic variational inequality with an infinite number of variables. First, we introduce some important ...features of the finite element method, boundary control problem governed by elliptic variational inequalities with an infinite number of variables in the case of the control and observation are on the boundary is introduced. We prove the existence of the solution by using the augmented Lagrangian multipliers method. A triangular type finite element method is used. KCI Citation Count: 0
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly prevalent form of liver cancer that necessitates accurate prediction models for early diagnosis and effective treatment. Machine learning algorithms have ...demonstrated promising results in various medical domains, including cancer prediction. In this study, we propose a comprehensive approach for HCC prediction by comparing the performance of different machine learning algorithms before and after applying feature reduction methods. We employ popular feature reduction techniques, such as weighting features, hidden features correlation, feature selection, and optimized selection, to extract a reduced feature subset that captures the most relevant information related to HCC. Subsequently, we apply multiple algorithms, including Naive Bayes, support vector machines (SVM), Neural Networks, Decision Tree, and K nearest neighbors (KNN), to both the original high-dimensional dataset and the reduced feature set. By comparing the predictive accuracy, precision, F Score, recall, and execution time of each algorithm, we assess the effectiveness of feature reduction in enhancing the performance of HCC prediction models. Our experimental results, obtained using a comprehensive dataset comprising clinical features of HCC patients, demonstrate that feature reduction significantly improves the performance of all examined algorithms. Notably, the reduced feature set consistently outperforms the original high-dimensional dataset in terms of prediction accuracy and execution time. After applying feature reduction techniques, the employed algorithms, namely decision trees, Naive Bayes, KNN, neural networks, and SVM achieved accuracies of 96%, 97.33%, 94.67%, 96%, and 96.00%, respectively.
Male patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (n = 57) demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in semen volume, sperm count, and progressive sperm motility and a ...statistically significant increase in abnormal sperm morphology compared with healthy controls (n = 40). The duration of the HCV infection was negatively correlated with semen volume and sperm motility where the HCV RNA viral load was negatively correlated with sperm count and sperm motility. Chronic HCV patients had statistically significantly lower total serum testosterone and higher serum E₂ and prolactin levels compared with healthy controls.
Free radicals are atoms or molecules containing unpaired electrons. Damage occurs when the free radical encounters another molecule and seeks to find another electron to pair its unpaired electron. ...Free radicals can cause mutation in different biological compounds such as protein, nucleic acids, and lipids, and the damage caused by the free radicals lead to various diseases (cancer, cardiovascular disease, aging, etc.). Antioxidants are helpful in reducing and preventing damage from free radical reactions because of their ability to donate electrons, which neutralize the radical without forming another. Ascorbic acid, for example, can lose an electron to a free radical and remain stable itself by passing its unstable electron around the antioxidant molecule. Unfortunately, new data indicate that the synthetic antioxidants used in the industry could have carcinogenic effects on human cells, thus fueling an intense search for new, natural, and efficient antioxidants. Therefore, the current book discusses the role and source of antioxidant compounds in nutrition and diets. Also, the current book includes nine chapters contributed by experts around the world, and the chapters are categorized into two sections: "Antioxidant Compounds and Biological Activities" and "Natural Antioxidants and Applications."
In this research work, we introduced novel distance measure in picture fuzzy sets and prove all the triangle inequality associated with it. There is an introduction to the use of the distance measure ...in medical diagnostics. In addition to this, we have shown a comparison between two distance functions ρ and ρ∗ in this research work. Our observation indicates that the novel fuzzy distance measure ρ∗ exhibits greater efficacy in the context of disease diagnosis compared to the conventional measure ρ.
Melatonin is a pineal gland neuro-hormone influencing the biological regulations of the circadian rhythm. Numerous investigations have revealed variable effects of melatonin in vivo, including ...anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, sedative, and anxiolytic effects. The effects of using exogenous melatonin as an adjuvant to propofol on the degree of sedation in patients were investigated.
We aimed to test the feasibility of melatonin as a sedative agent in traumatic brain injury patients.
This research was a double-blinded clinical trial conducted on 38 participants suffering from traumatic brain injuries necessitating sedation and mechanical ventilation. Participants were assigned randomly into two groups. Both groups were sedated by propofol infusion and monitored by bispectral index (BIS). Nineteen patients received 10 mg of melatonin, and 19 patients received a placebo (control). Propofol infusion rate and BIS values were recorded each 30 minutes for 12 hours.
Exogenous melatonin administration led to a significant decrease in the amount of infused propofol necessary to attain the desired level of sedation. The propofol infusion rates were 4.87 ± 2.91 ml/h in the melatonin group and 6.37 ± 2.87 ml/h in the control group (P- values = 0.001).
Exogenous melatonin acts as an adjuvant to propofol in sedation, reducing the amount of propofol infusion needed.
Abstract
Aim of the Work
To assess the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of traumatic soft tissue injuries of hand and wrist.
Patients and Method
This study includes 30 patients with a mean age of ...42.17 years ±9, all with history of traumatic soft tissue injuries in hand and wrist, all patients underwent ultrasound and MRI. The U/S&MRI diagnostic criteria of each patient were analyzed, compared and correlated with clinical diagnosis/ or operative findings .
Results
A comparison of the sensitivity of US versus MRI was done by correlating the final diagnosis of each modality with clinical diagnosis and/or operative findings. In general as regard all types of soft tissue injuries we found that, in correlation with clinical diagnosis US gives (93.3% sensitivity), while MRI gives (73.3% sensitivity). US & MRI result shows agreement in detection of all types of post traumatic soft tissue injuries except in chronic tendinopathy, tendon fibrosis ,and chronic tendon tear heals by fibrosis we found no agreement between them (in which ultrasound can diagnose them, while MRI couldn’t detect them).
Conclusion
Ultrasound shows higher sensitivity in diagnosis of soft tissue injuries of hand and wrist than MRI, as compared to operative findings and /or clinical data.
We explored the effect of vitamin D receptor gene (
) polymorphisms in response to PEG-IFN treatment in Egyptian chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.
Two hundred hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients ...(42.3±10.7 years) on PEG-IFN α-2a (180 µg /kg for 48 weeks) and one hundred control subjects (37.3 ±12 years) were enrolled in the study. Vitamin D levels and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expression were assessed by ELISA. VDR polymorphisms FokI T>C (rs 10735810), BsmI A>G (rs 1544410), ApaI (rs7975253), and TaqI C>T (rs 731236), were genotyped using real-time PCR.
Hepatitis B virus patients expressed significantly greater AST (p=< 0.00001) and ALT (P=< 0.00001), and significantly less vitamin D (P=0.01), than control subjects. Patients with Ff or ff alleles of the FokI single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), bb alleles of BsmI SNP, or TT alleles of the Taq1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) showed greater response to PEG-IFN therapy than those with the FF (P=0.02 and P=0.0002), Bb (P=0.023), or Tt/tt alleles (P=0.01 and P=0.004 respectively). Logistic stepwise regression showed that HBV DNA (r: 0.910, P< .00001), FokI SNP polymorphism (r: 0.919, (P=0.037) and bAt haplotype (r: .926, (P=0.043) are independent factors that determine PEG-IFN treatment response in the HBV-infected patients.
gene polymorphisms may be used as treatment response predictors in HBV patients receiving PEG-IFN. FokI SNP and bAt haplotype are independent factors that that can be used to determine PEG-IFN treatment responses in HBV-infected patients.
