Diamond/graphene (carbon sp
3
-sp
2
) interfaces exhibit various interesting and potentially useful electronic phenomena. The present work demonstrates the possibility of obtaining novel neuromorphic ...photodevices using such junctions. Junctions were found to show different photoconductivity relaxation behavior depending on their growth conditions such that various optoelectronic properties were observed. In particular, interfaces exhibiting shorter relaxation times could be used to construct image recognition devices mimicking short-term memory functions of the human brain. Using these devices, images of the hand-written numerals 0 through 9 could be optoelectronically recognized with an accuracy on the order of 80%, demonstrating both photo-detection and processing functions in a single device. These results suggest that novel image processing devices could be produced using graphene/diamond heterojunctions.
Graphical Abstract
► We reports quantitative analyses of the NCA-type cathode material in a Li-ion secondary battery. ► The spatial distributions of the degraded phase at nanometer resolution were imaged. ► The amount ...of the degraded phase successfully explained the macroscopic capacity fading.
We investigate the local structural changes in a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery (LiNi
0.8Co
0.15Al
0.05O
2 (NCA) as the active material) associated with charge–discharge cycling at elevated temperatures by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). STEM–EELS spectral imaging reveals the evolution of a NiO-like phase localized near the surface and grain boundary regions after many cycles. The amounts of capacity fading and resistance increase are discussed based on the results of the semiquantitative estimation of NiO-like and other product phases. We also identify the chemical state of lithium in the NiO-like phase substituting for Ni.
We present a parameter-free method of extraction of the electron magnetic circular dichroism spectra from energy-filtered diffraction patterns measured on a crystalline specimen. The method is based ...on a multivariate curve resolution technique. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it allows extraction of the magnetic signal regardless of the symmetry and orientation of the crystal, as long as there is a sufficiently strong magnetic component of the signal in the diffraction plane. This method essentially overcomes difficulties in extraction of the EMCD signal caused by complexity of dynamical diffraction effects.
► New method of extraction of EMCD signal using statistical methods (multivariate curve resolution). ► EMCD can be extracted quantitatively regardless of symmetry of crystal or its orientation. ► First principles simulation of EFDIF datacube, including dynamical diffraction effects
REBCO coated conductors (CCs) are suitable for high field magnets due to their high in-field critical current density ( J c ) and high tensile strength. However, in order to apply the REBCO CCs to a ...high field magnet, it is important not only to evaluate the characteristics of short samples but also to clarify the behavior of the REBCO coil under strong electro-magnetic forces in high magnetic fields. In this study, we investigated the tolerance to the electro-magnetic force by applying hoop stresses to a REBCO double pancake coil in high magnetic fields. The REBCO coil was wound with BHO-EuBCO CCs and impregnated with epoxy resin. In order to prevent a degradation due to thermal delamination stress, fluorine-coated polyimide tapes were wound on the REBCO CCs. When a maximum hoop stress of 608 MPa was applied to the coil, normal voltage was generated and I c degradation was confirmed in one side of double pancake. As a result of the investigation, the degradation occurred only at lap joint part between CCs in the windings, and the cause of the degradation was thought to be stress concentration at the both edges of lap joint. Since there was no I c degradation except for the lap joint part, it is considered that the REBCO coil can withstand larger hoop stress if we can reduce the stress concentration at the joint part. We therefore proposed a new joint structure and confirmed that it has higher tensile strength than a conventional lap joint structure.
Abstract Background Klotho, a single-pass transmembrane protein primarily expressed in the kidneys, parathyroid glands, and choroid plexus of the brain, has a short cytoplasmic tail and a long ...extracellular domain, which can be cleaved and released as a soluble form. However, information regarding the origins and kinetics of soluble serum Klotho remains poorly understood. We evaluated serial changes in serum Klotho levels among living donors before and after retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy as well as in their renal transplant recipients. Methods The levels of soluble Klotho in serum obtained from 10 living donors and their renal transplant recipients were determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. Results Serum soluble Klotho was detectable in all subjects. The baseline serum Klotho concentrations in the living donors ranged from 726.4 to 1417.1 pg/mL (median, 909.8 pg/mL; interquartile ranges IR, 754.8–1132.4), whereas that in the concomitant renal transplant recipients ranged from 397.5 to 1047.2 pg/mL (median, 613.0 pg/mL; IR, 445.9–750.8; P = .003). The levels of soluble serum Klotho measured 5 days after retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy (median, 619.0 pg/mL; IR, 544.6–688.5; P = .001) were significantly lower than the baseline values. Among the renal transplant recipients, no significant changes in serum Klotho levels were observed during the observation period. Conclusion Our data regarding soluble serum Klotho levels obtained from living donors support the idea that the kidneys are a major source of soluble serum Klotho in human subjects without a deterioration of renal function. In recipients, concomitant acute kidney injuries and immunosuppressive protocols might modulate the release of soluble Klotho from the grafts into the circulation.
REBCO coated conductors (CCs) are expected to show high performance for superconducting applications due to their high tensile strength and high critical current density under magnetic fields. ...Fujikura Ltd. (Fujikura) has developed REBCO CCs with high performance by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. It is generally known that the critical current (Ic) of a common superconducting wire varies with the applied longitudinal tensile strain, but that of Fujikura's commercial CC hardly varies due to the peculiarities of the REBCO crystal orientation. Recently, we have developed BaMO3 (BMO, M : Zr or Hf) doped REBCO CCs in order to enhance their in-field critical current density. In this study, we investigated the strain dependence of the BMO doped REBCO CCs. As a result, it was confirmed that the Ic change with strain increased by BMO doping, even though the crystal orientation did not change.
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