Display omitted
•A linear polyethyleneimine modified activated carbon (PAF) was prepared as an effective sorbent.•The adsorption capacity of the PAF sorbent for U(VI) was determined to be ...115.31mgg−1.•The recovery yield was determined as 90–95%.
In this study, the polyethyleneimine modified activated carbon/Fe (PAF) was prepared and used as an effective magnetic adsorbent to remove uranium (U(VI)) ions from aqueous solution as a function of batch adsorption parameters. The developed magnetic adsorbent was investigated by FT-IR, SEM, EDX, TG/DSC and BET techniques. The effects of the adsorption parameters on the sorption amount were investigated by using factorial design. In order to study the sorption behavior for U(VI) ions, the Langmuir, and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to fit the equilibrium data. The monolayer adsorption capacity of the magnetic sorbent for U(VI) was determined to be 115.31mgg−1 at pH 5, 20°C and 60min. The kinetic results indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic modeling fits the equilibrium data well under employed temperature conditions. The thermodynamic examinations showed exothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. The reusability-cycling test indicated that the magnetic sorbent has good desorption performance. It was also concluded that the PAF magnetic material can be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of U(VI) ions from wastewaters by taking into account its advantages such as being of cost effective, easy prepare and environmental friendly.
Illustration of the some results regarding with interfacial polymerization of trimesoyl chloride with melamine and palygorskite for efficient uranium ions ultra-removal.▪
Display omitted
...•PC-g-p(TMC-M) was successfully synthesized as novel and efficient adsorbent.•The adsorption parameters were optimized by applying factorial design analysis.•PC-g-p(TMC-M) had excellent adsorption capacity of 275.8mg.g−1.•PC-g-p(TMC-M) showed high adsorption/desorption yield as 82/78% at first 3rd cycle.•PC-g-p(TMC-M) can be considered as an effective adsorbent for removal of U(VI) ions.
Remediation of toxic/hazardous substances from wastewaters using cost-effective and influential adsorbents is very expedient outlook for particularly actual applications. With this respect, a novel and efficient adsorbent was successfully synthesized by in situ interfacial polymerization of magnetite loaded-palygorskite clay (PC) with poly(trimesoyl chloride-melamine) (p(TMC-M)). The adsorption performance of the synthesized PC-g-p(TMC-M) in the uptake of hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) ions was investigated in a batch system. The adsorbent was chemically and morphologically characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. Factorial design analysis was applied to optimize the experimental parameters involved in U(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The adsorption isotherm was better modeled by non-linear Langmuir model. The PC-g-p(TMC-M) showed excellent removal performance with an adsorption capacity of 275.8mg.g−1 under the condition of pH 6, 75min contact time and 20°C temperature. The pseudo-second-order equation revealed a high correlation (0.992–0.997) obtained at different four temperatures. The regeneration test indicated that PC-g-p(TMC-M) has relatively high adsorption/desorption yield as 82/78% at first 3rd cycle. The thermodynamic examination of the equilibrium data proved that the favorability of U(VI) adsorption process onto PC-g-p(TMC-M) was decreased with increasing temperature from 20 to 50°C. All results demonstrated that the PC-g-p(TMC-M) has hopeful prospective for elimination of U(VI) ions from aquatic medium.
The dynamics of air-sea interaction in the mesoscale have a two-fold scale separation. In physical space, basin scale and mesoscale winds have opposing responses to SST: negative correlation on the ...basin scale and positive correlation in the mesoscale. In wavenumber space, there is a further scale separation delineated by Rossby number, R0 = U/ fL . At R0 ≥ +1, turbulent mixing processes, spatially in phase with SST, govern the dynamics; at R0 ≪ 1 pressure gradient responses, spatially phase shifted from SST, predominate. Spectral transfer functions can be used to elucidate these dynamics using the regression coefficient between SST and wind response in wavenumber space. Similar to prior research in the low and mid-latitudes, transfer functions for the Eastern Equatorial Pacific about tropical instability waves show distinct scale separation with increasing wind speeds. Impulse response functions show the hypothesized dynamics based on the scale-dependent signals in the transfer functions. When winds are reconstructed using impulse response functions for R0 ≪ 1 and R0 ≥ 1, the results are consistent with expected dynamics for pressure gradient response and vertical mixing response, respectively. f-scaling shows similar rotation dependent dynamics, supporting the conclusion of R0 scale separation of the dynamics of wind response to SST.
•Magnetic stirrer induced dispersive ionic-liquid microextraction was developed for trace level of vanadium.•4-(2-Pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) was used as complexing agent and analysed by ...GFAAS.•Introduced a novel approach that reduced solvent consumption, effort, time.•It was applied for determination of vanadium in water and food samples.•Green extraction technique was applied.
A new dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, magnetic stirrer induced dispersive ionic-liquid microextraction (MS-IL-DLLME) was developed to quantify the trace level of vanadium in real water and food samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). In this extraction method magnetic stirrer was applied to obtained a dispersive medium of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate C4MIMPF6 in aqueous solution of (real water samples and digested food samples) to increase phase transfer ratio, which significantly enhance the recovery of vanadium – 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) chelate. Variables having vital role on desired microextraction methods were optimised to obtain the maximum recovery of study analyte. Under the optimised experimental variables, enhancement factor (EF) and limit of detection (LOD) were achieved to be 125 and 18ngL−1, respectively. Validity and accuracy of the desired method was checked by analysis of certified reference materials (SLRS-4 Riverine water and NIST SRM 1515 Apple leaves). The relative standard deviation (RSD) for 10 replicate determinations at 0.5μgL−1 of vanadium level was found to be <5.0%. This method was successfully applied to real water and acid digested food samples.
Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is one of the most common fractures in children. The purpose of our study was to analyze the temporal variations and mechanisms of paediatric supracondylar ...fractures presented to our hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period. As the schools and parks were closed and children were confined to their homes, they were thus more prone to injuries while playing inside. We claim that this would be the first study in Pakistan to provide unique information about these fractures. We conducted this descriptive study in the Accident and Emergency Department at Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan from 18th March 2020 to 18th June 2020. In the enrolled children data regarding day and time of fracture occurrence, mechanism of fracture, height of furniture or play equipment from which the children fall and types of landing surfaces were all noted. Important variables were compared and a Chi-square test was applied to calculate P value (P<0.05 was considered significant). The total number of children in our study was 160 with a mean age of 5.3±1.3 years. The most common mechanism of fracture was fall from furniture (63.1%, n=101) and the landing surface was cemented or tiled floor in the majority (84.1%, n=101) of children. Maximum (40.6%, n=65) number of fractures were reported in the month of April and on a Monday (23.7%, n=38). Most (65.6%, n=105) children sustained fractures in PM time. The peak time of occurrence of fracture was 1700 h. We concluded that the majority of children sustained fractures due to a fall from furniture landing on hard cemented or tiled surfaces. Maximum number of fractures was reported in the month of April and on a Monday. Most of these injuries occurred in the evening and were operated on at night. The increased frequency of paediatric supracondylar fractures in the COVID-19 pandemic supports that preventative strategies should focus more on adult supervision, prevention of falls from furniture and provision of softer landing surfaces to lessen the impact of injury. Keywords: fracture, gartland, humerus, paediatric, supracondylar, surface resilience, temporal variations, weekday
A novel microextraction procedure based on Schiff's base functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (SBMNPs) has been developed for Pb super(+2) extraction. Compared to conventional microextraction ...systems, the main advantage of proposed procedure is that no volatile/flammable reagents have used and experimental time is also reduced. Schiff's base has been derived from salicylaldehyde and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified nanoparticles. Extraction of Pb super(+2) was carried out in a capillary column containing analyte followed by the addition of SBMNPs and triton X-114 where ionic-liquid "1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate" was used as an extractant. After extraction; analyte concentration was determined with flame atomic absorption spectrometer through a self made micro-injection system. The SBMNPs were characterized by FTIR and TEM, respectively, demonstrating their distinct core-shell structures. Different experimental parameters were optimized through multivariate strategy. Detection limit, enhancement factor and relative standard deviation obtained with developed procedure were 0.193 mu gL super(-1), 26.3 and 4.01%, respectively. Validity was checked through the recovery experiments and satisfactory results were obtained. In brief the synergistic combination of SBMNPs in column with ionic-liquid resulted in an efficient microextraction procedure for Pb super(+2) in real samples.
The aim of the current study is to evaluate the occurrence of arsenic in coal collected from Thar coalfield, Pakistan, and its behavior during the combustion. Fractionation of arsenic (As) in coal ...samples was carried out by Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction scheme (BCR-SES) and single-step-based BCR method (BCR-SS). These methods are validated using the certified reference material of sediment BCR 701 and standard addition method. The stepwise fractions of As in laboratory-made ash (LMA) have been also investigated. The extractable As content associated with different phases in coal and LMA samples were analyzed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The extraction efficiency of As by BCR-SS was slightly higher than BCR-SES, while the difference was not significant (p < 0.05). The BCR-SS method is a time-saving method because it can reduce the extraction time from 51 to 22 h. The As contents in LMA revealed that during combustion of the coal, >85 % of As may be released into atmosphere. The relative mobility of As in the coal samples was found in increasing order as follows: oxidizable fraction < reducible fraction < acid soluble fraction. The total and extractable As obtained by BCR-SES and BCR-SS were higher in coal samples of block III as compared to block V (p > 0.05).
A novel microextraction procedure based on Schiff's base functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (SBMNPs) has been developed for Pb(+2) extraction. Compared to conventional microextraction systems, the ...main advantage of proposed procedure is that no volatile/flammable reagents have used and experimental time is also reduced. Schiff's base has been derived from salicylaldehyde and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified nanoparticles. Extraction of Pb(+2) was carried out in a capillary column containing analyte followed by the addition of SBMNPs and triton X-114 where ionic-liquid "1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate" was used as an extractant. After extraction; analyte concentration was determined with flame atomic absorption spectrometer through a self made micro-injection system. The SBMNPs were characterized by FTIR and TEM, respectively, demonstrating their distinct core-shell structures. Different experimental parameters were optimized through multivariate strategy. Detection limit, enhancement factor and relative standard deviation obtained with developed procedure were 0.193μgL(-1), 26.3 and 4.01%, respectively. Validity was checked through the recovery experiments and satisfactory results were obtained. In brief the synergistic combination of SBMNPs in column with ionic-liquid resulted in an efficient microextraction procedure for Pb(+2) in real samples.
A novel microextraction procedure based on Schiff's base functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (SBMNPs) has been developed for Pb+2 extraction. Compared to conventional microextraction systems, the ...main advantage of proposed procedure is that no volatile/flammable reagents have used and experimental time is also reduced. Schiff's base has been derived from salicylaldehyde and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified nanoparticles. Extraction of Pb+2 was carried out in a capillary column containing analyte followed by the addition of SBMNPs and triton X-114 where ionic-liquid “1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate” was used as an extractant. After extraction; analyte concentration was determined with flame atomic absorption spectrometer through a self made micro-injection system. The SBMNPs were characterized by FTIR and TEM, respectively, demonstrating their distinct core–shell structures. Different experimental parameters were optimized through multivariate strategy. Detection limit, enhancement factor and relative standard deviation obtained with developed procedure were 0.193μgL−1, 26.3 and 4.01%, respectively. Validity was checked through the recovery experiments and satisfactory results were obtained. In brief the synergistic combination of SBMNPs in column with ionic-liquid resulted in an efficient microextraction procedure for Pb+2 in real samples.
Display omitted
•A novel LLME procedure based on Schiff's-base/functionalized MNPs (SBMNPs) has been developed.•Schiff's-base has been derived from salicylaldehyde and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified MNPs.•Extraction process was carried out in a capillary column system containing analyte and extractant.•Synergistic combination of SBMNPs in column with IL resulted in an efficient LLME in real samples.
Objective: To determine the efficacy of preoperative Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in reducing perioperative allogenic blood transfusion frequency in patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with ...Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS).
Methods: We conducted this placebo controlled double-blinded randomized trial in Orthopaedics & Traumatolgy Division Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from 1st January 2020 to 25th December 2022. All patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures fulfilling the inclusion criteria were treated with Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) and were randomly divided into two equal groups. One group was administered single dose IV Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in a dose of 15mg/kg body weight in 100ml of saline while the other group (Placebo) was given 100 ml normal saline preoperatively. Post-operative Hemoglobin was measured on first, second and third day. The frequency of allogenic blood transfusions in the perioperative period was determined in both groups based upon the transfusion trigger (Hemoglobin 9g/dl). Categorical variables were compared with Chi-square test and mean with Independent sample t-test. P value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The total number of patients in our trial were 200 which were equally but randomly allocated into TXA group and Placebo group each containing 100 patients. The mean age of the patients in TXA group was 48.16±1.75 years and the age of patients in the Placebo group was 48.35±1.60. The baseline demographic and clinical variables of both groups were identical (p< 0.05). The average preoperative hemoglobin was 11.5±4.2 g/dl in TXA group and 11.3±2.4g/dl in the Placebo group (p>0.05). The frequency of allogenic blood transfusion was significantly lower (p<0.05) in TXA group (13%, n=13) than in the Placebo group (41%, n=41).
Conclusion: Tranexamic acid (TXA) significantly reduces the frequency of peri operative allogenic blood transfusion in patients undergoing Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) for intertrochanteric fractures.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7667
How to cite this: Shah FA, Naeemullah, Ali MA, Iqbal MJ. Efficacy of preoperative Tranexamic Acid in patients undergoing intertrochanteric hip fracture surgery: A randomized placebo controlled trial. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7667
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
PDF
