Data preservation in high energy physics Basaglia, T.; Bellis, M.; Blomer, J. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
09/2023, Letnik:
83, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Data preservation is a mandatory specification for any present and future experimental facility and it is a cost-effective way of doing fundamental research by exploiting unique data sets in the ...light of the continuously increasing theoretical understanding. This document summarizes the status of data preservation in high energy physics. The paradigms and the methodological advances are discussed from a perspective of more than ten years of experience with a structured effort at international level. The status and the scientific return related to the preservation of data accumulated at large collider experiments are presented, together with an account of ongoing efforts to ensure long-term analysis capabilities for ongoing and future experiments. Transverse projects aimed at generic solutions, most of which are specifically inspired by open science and FAIR principles, are presented as well. A prospective and an action plan are also indicated.
Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell (DIPNECH syndrome) remains unfamiliar to most clinicians even though it was first described almost 30 years ago. Diagnosis is usually confirmed ...histopathologically after lung biopsy, but often, a diagnosis or suspected diagnosis can be made radiographically.
In this paper, we present a case report of a 68-year-old female with shortness of breath and fleeting pulmonary nodules observed on chest CT scan. She was initially misdiagnosed with asthma based on an abnormal pulmonary function test which revealed an obstructive ventilatory defect. The classic radiographic findings of DIPNECH syndrome and the typical patient demographics that should arouse suspicion of a DIPNECH diagnosis were also illustrated.
DIPNECH syndrome is a clinicopathological syndrome whereas focal NECH is a pathological diagnosis that is often made incidentally on histological examination and is encountered in a variety of settings, including in resected carcinoid tumors, in the context of reactive changes concomitant with infection, in metastatic cancer, radiation pneumonitis, intra-lobar sequestration, smokers, interstitial lung disease, and lung adenocarcinoma.
There are no proven treatments for DIPNECH syndrome. In patients with obstructive ventilatory symptoms, bronchodilators with inhaled steroids are usually prescribed. Some severe cases may require parenteral steroids. Somatostatin analogs (SSA) have also been used in some cases with mixed results. Rapamycin has been used in several cases based on the purported activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in DIPNECH. Some patients with large carcinoid tumors may benefit from resection.
•DIPNECH syndrome is a clinicopathological diagnosis and should not be confused with incidental findings of reactive NECH after surgical lung biopsy.•DIPNECH syndrome should be suspected in any non-smoking females that present with symptoms of obstructive lung disease and mosaic attenuation on the expiratory film of HRCT of the chest.•DIPNECH syndrome has a favorable natural course with good prognosis in most patients.•Most patients with symptoms of dyspnea and cough will respond to bronchodilators and ICS. Occasionally, parenteral steroids might be needed in those with severe symptoms.•Octreotide scans can be used to identify patients that might benefit from SSA. Sirolimus has also been tried in a few cases with an excellent response.
Integrating ceramic and metallic properties in MAX phases makes them highly desirable for diverse technological applications. In this study, through first-principles density functional theory (DFT), ...we investigated the physical properties of two new 312 MAX compounds, M3GaB2 (M = Ti, Hf). Chemical stability is confirmed via formation energy assessment, while mechanical stability is established by determining elastic stiffness constants. A thorough analysis of mechanical behaviors includes bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, and hardness parameters. M3GaB2 demonstrates elastic constants and moduli closely aligned with other 312 carbides. Understanding the electronic band structure and density of states (DOS) sheds light on metallic properties, with anisotropy in electrical conductivity clarified through energy dispersion analysis. Investigation of photon interaction with titled compounds, including dielectric constants (real and imaginary parts), refractive index, absorption coefficient, photoconductivity, reflectivity, and energy loss function, has been carried out. The potential of M3GaB2 borides as a coating to reduce solar is evaluated based on the reflectivity spectra. These findings deepen our understanding of material properties and suggest diverse applications for M3GaB2 in various technological domains.
Detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may be achieved by various methods, including EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in-situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for latent membrane protein ...(LMP-1). We compared novel automated ISH and IHC techniques in pediatric lymphoproliferative disorders with results obtained by manual ISH. Thirty-seven pediatric cases previously studied by manual EBER ISH (including 18 EBER-positive, 15 EBER-negative, and 4 EBER-equivocal cases) were used for the study. Automated EBER ISH and automated LMP-1 IHC were performed using the BondMax autostainer and prediluted EBER probe and EBV cell surface 1 to 4 at 1:50 dilution, respectively. Results of each of the automated techniques for EBV detection were compared with results by manual EBER ISH. Compared with manual EBER ISH as the gold standard, automated ISH had a sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 69%, respectively, accuracy of 83%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 79%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 90%. Automated IHC had a sensitivity of 44%, specificity of 93%, accuracy of 67%, PPV of 88%, and NPV of 59%. Automated ISH and IHC correlated significantly (P < 0.045). Automated ISH is useful for diagnosis of EBV-related pediatric neoplasms, being easy to perform and interpret and requiring only the technologist's time to set up and having a high sensitivity and NPV. The automated IHC protocol is of too low sensitivity for routine use, although results show high specificity and PPV.
Automation of pharmaceutical safety case processing represents a significant opportunity to affect the strongest cost driver for a company's overall pharmacovigilance budget. A pilot was undertaken ...to test the feasibility of using artificial intelligence and robotic process automation to automate processing of adverse event reports. The pilot paradigm was used to simultaneously test proposed solutions of three commercial vendors. The result confirmed the feasibility of using artificial intelligence–based technology to support extraction from adverse event source documents and evaluation of case validity. In addition, the pilot demonstrated viability of the use of safety database data fields as a surrogate for otherwise time‐consuming and costly direct annotation of source documents. Finally, the evaluation and scoring method used in the pilot was able to differentiate vendor capabilities and identify the best candidate to move into the discovery phase.
Muir-Torre Syndrome (MTS) is a rare autosomal-dominant genetic condition linked to germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, resulting in microsatellite instability. It is considered a ...variant of Lynch syndrome characterized by the association of at least one sebaceous skin tumor and at least one internal malignancy. In addition, it has been shown that a latent phenotype of MTS might be unmasked in transplant organ recipients and immunosuppressed patients. The diagnosis and treatment of such cases require a multidisciplinary approach. Here, we present a case of a kidney transplant recipient who developed multiple sebaceous carcinomas 16 years after kidney transplantation and daily immunosuppressive medication. The patient then developed multiple contemporaneous internal malignancies in the esophagus and colon with metastases to the lung, thyroid, and lymph nodes, all of which were eventually linked to MTS. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MTS in the Arab world and the first reported case of esophageal cancer in relation to MTS in a transplant recipient. Because patients with MTS have a high tendency of developing malignancies, patients with a strong family history of malignancies, any known mutations, or an immunocompromised status should be included in an extensive screening program.
This document summarizes the status of data preservation in high energy physics. The paradigms and the methodological advances are discussed from a perspective of more than ten years of experience ...with a structured effort at international level. The status and the scientific return related to the preservation of data accumulated at large collider experiments are presented, together with an account of ongoing efforts to ensure long-term analysis capabilities for ongoing and future experiments. Transverse projects aimed at generic solutions, most of which are specifically inspired by open science and FAIR principles, are presented as well. A prospective and an action plan are also indicated.
The paper aims to suggest the ranking of an optimal solution when there exists more than one Nash equilibrium in the game theory solution concept. Many studies tend to merge the game theory with the ...multi criteria decision-making (MCDM) method to cater the real-situation problems. In the paper, a novel hybrid non-cooperative static game in game theory is combines with the trade-off ranking (TOR) method in MCDM. The proposed hybrid method is used to rank multiple Nash equilibria concerning some criteria. The methodology for both static game and TOR method are explained in the paper. The game theory model used is a two-player non-constant-sum static game. The proposed methodology is tested using international cooperation in Iran. The result suggests the ranking of the combined strategies using the proposed method.
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