Making Yugoslavs Nielsen, Christian Axboe
Making Yugoslavs,
2014, 20141015, 2014, 2014-10-15, 2014-11-05
eBook
Christian Axboe Nielsen uses extensive archival research to explain the failure of King Aleksandar's dictatorship's program of forced nationalization in the interwar era.
Even though the Yugoslav Communists were expelled from the Soviet bloc in 1948, the Communist regime in Yugoslavia headed by Josip Broz Tito had embraced many of the repressive policies associated ...with Stalinist dictatorships. Based on newly available archival materials from Bosnia and Herzegovina, this article examines policies related to the incarceration of “enemies of the state” during the first several years of Tito's regime. By focusing on policy discussions and implementation, the article shows how government, state security, and prison officials dealt with questions relating to prison conditions, penal policy, and rehabilitation. These documents permit scholars to begin moving beyond the existing focus on well-documented events of mass killing and oppression during the early years of Communist rule—such as the Goli Otok prison camp for alleged Cominformists and mass executions in late 1944—to gain a better understanding of how Yugoslav officials viewed and debated penal policies.
Even though the Yugoslav Communists were expelled from the Soviet bloc in 1948, the Communist regime in Yugoslavia headed by Josip Broz Tito had embraced many of the repressive policies associated ...with Stalinist dictatorships. Based on newly available archival materials from Bosnia and Herzegovina, this article examines policies related to the incarceration of "enemies of the state" during the first several years of Tito's regime. By focusing on policy discussions and implementation, the article shows how government, state security, and prison officials dealt with questions relating to prison conditions, penal policy, and rehabilitation. These documents permit scholars to begin moving beyond the existing focus on well-documented events of mass killing and oppression during the early years of Communist rule-such as the Goli Otok prison camp for alleged Cominformists and mass executions in late 1944-to gain a better understanding of how Yugoslav officials viewed and debated penal policies.
Kako su se organi unutarnjih poslova u Socijalističkoj Republici Hrvatskoj i u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji razvijali, čime su se bavili, do kakvih je promjena došlo i zbog čega? Tijekom otprilike ...prva dva desetljeća socijalističke Jugoslavije pitanja koja su se odnosila na policiju i državnu sigurnost – ili službenim nazivom na organe unutarnjih poslova – bila su poput većine ostalih pitanja u zemlji vrlo centralizirana. Međutim, postoje indicije da 1966. možda nije bila toliko značajna prekretnica kako se popularno misli te da su neke važne promjene bile ubrzane, a ne pokrenute nakon smjenjivanja Aleksandra Rankovića. Ovaj članak prvenstveno se temelji na izvorima iz 13. maja, službenog časopisa Saveznog sekretarijata za unutrašnje poslove (SSUP). Pažljivo čitanje tog časopisa otkriva članke koji se bave pravnim, konceptualnim, tehničkim i praktičnim pitanjima policije. Časopis je stoga dobro mjesto za prikupljanje informacija radi boljeg razumijevanja organa unutarnjih poslova u Jugoslaviji. Ovaj članak razmatra i analizira početak decentralizacije organa unutarnjih poslova u Hrvatskoj, prije svega u području organa javne sigurnosti.
How did the organs of internal affairs in the Socialist Republic of Croatia and in socialist Yugoslavia develop, what did they actually do, what changes occurred with respect to them, and why? During approximately the first two decades of socialist Yugoslavia, issues related to police and state security – or, as they were officially called, the organs of internal affairs – were, like most other matters in the country, heavily centralized. However, there are indications that 1966 may not have been as significant a watershed moment as is commonly thought, and that some important changes were accelerated rather than triggered after the ouster of Ranković. This article is primarily based on sources from 13. maj, the official journal of the Federal Secretariat for Internal Affairs (SSUP). A careful reading of this journal reveals very detailed articles dealing with legal, conceptual, technical and practical issues affecting policing. The journal is therefore a good place to gather information for a better understanding of policing and internal affairs in Yugoslavia. This article examines and analyses the beginning of decentralization of internal affairs in Croatia, above all with regard to public security bodies.
How did the organs of internal affairs in the Socialist Republic of Croatia and in socialist Yugoslavia develop, what did they actually do, what changes occurred with respect to them, and why? During ...approximately the first two decades of socialist Yugoslavia, issues related to police and state security – or, as they were officially called, the organs of internal affairs – were, like most other matters in the country, heavily centralized. However, there are indications that 1966 may not have been as significant a watershed moment as is commonly thought, and that some important changes were accelerated rather than triggered after the ouster of Ranković. This article is primarily based on sources from 13. maj, the official journal of the Federal Secretariat for Internal Affairs (SSUP). A careful reading of this journal reveals very detailed articles dealing with legal, conceptual, technical and practical issues affecting policing. The journal is therefore a good place to gather information for a better understanding of policing and internal affairs in Yugoslavia. This article examines and analyses the beginning of decentralization of internal affairs in Croatia, above all with regard to public security bodies.
This article, based overwhelmingly on primary sources produced by the Yugoslav State Security Service, provides a historical overview of their work with respect to the commemorations at Bleiburg. It ...summarizes the stance of the Yugoslav State Security Service towards Croat émigrés by focusing on the concrete measures and the e ntire spectrum of available methods undertaken by the Service in conjunction with the commemorations. After a general summary of the work of the Yugoslav security services with respect to émigrés, the article provides detailed examination of two events separated by two decades (1966 and 1985). The 1966 commemoration was notable not only because it was the year in which the émigrés purchased a plot of land in Bleiburg, but also because the aftermath of that year's commemoration was marred by a bomb attack. The second case is the fortieth anniversary commemoration in 1985, which was perceived by both the agents of the Yugoslav state and the émigrés themselves as being particularly important. Together the two cases provide insight into the Yugoslav State Security Service's long-term operation aimed at curtailing and suppressing Croat émigré activity. The article shows that even though the Yugoslav State Security Service was willing to use violent means in this struggle, the preferred means remained infiltration, disinformation, provocation, and constant surveillance.
Football and politics have been linked inextricably in Serbia since the collapse of Yugoslavia in 1991. This article examines the Serbian state's reluctant struggle with football-related violence and ...political extremism in the period from 2009 until 2011. The analysis rotates around the Gay Pride Parades in Serbia, which have become an annual contested event pitting progressive and pro-European forces against a 'patriotic' coalition of extreme nationalist organizations, associations of football hooligans and the Serbian Orthodox Church. Despite Serbia's ostensibly reformist path and its professed desire to advance rapidly towards membership in the European Union, the state's reaction to threats and acts of violence against proponents of Gay Pride has to date been hesitant, ambiguous and inconclusive.
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