The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized via green synthesis approach using Euporbia serpens Kunth aqueous extract. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and ...Furrier Transformer Infra-Red spectroscopy to justify the reduction and stabilization of AgNPs from its precursors. AgNPs characteristic absorption peak was observed at 420 nm in the UV-visible spectrum. The SEM and TEM analysis demonstrated the spherical shape of the synthesized nanoparticles with particle sizes ranging from 30 nm to 80 nm. FTIR transmission bands at 2920 cm-1, 1639 cm-1, 1410 cm-1, 3290 cm-1, and 1085 cm-1 were attributed to C-H, C=O, C-C, N-H, and C-N functional groups, respectively. XRD peaks could be attributed to (111), (200), (220), and (311) crystalline plane of the faced-centered cube (FCC) crystalline structure of the metallic silver nanoparticles. The AgNPs showed good antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria at each concentration. The particles were found to be more active against Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 20±06 mm and Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) with 18±0.5 mm zone of inhibition in reference to standard antibiotic amoxicillin with 23±0.3 mm and 20±0.4 mm zone of inhibition, respectively. Moderate antifungal activities were observed against Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Alternaria alternata (A. alternata) with zone of inhibitions 16.5 mm and 15 mm, respectively, compared to the standard with 23 mm of inhibition. Insignificant antifungal inhibition of 7.5 mm was observed against Fusarium gramium (F. gramium). All the tested concentrations of AgNPs showed comparable % RSA with the standard reference ascorbic acid in the range sixty percent to seventy five percent. The percent motility at 3 hours postincubation showed quick response and most Tetramorium caespitum were found deceased or paralyzed. Similarly, the percent mortality showed a linear response at concentration and time. It was observed that 1 μg/mL to 2 μg/mL concentration of AgNPs displayed a significant cytotoxic activity against Artemia salina with LD50 of 5.37 and 5.82, respectively.
The development of magnetically active adsorbents for effective iodine removal would be highly desirable to address environmental pollution and remediation. Herein, we demonstrated the synthesis of ...Vio@SiO
2
@Fe
3
O
4
as an adsorbent via surface functionalisation of electron-deficient bipyridium (viologen) units on the surface of magnetically active silica-coated magnetite (Fe
3
O
4
) core. This adsorbent was characterised thoroughly using various analytical techniques, such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and X-ray photon analysis (XPS). The removal of triiodide from the aqueous solution was monitored via the batch method. It revealed that the complete removal was achieved upon stirring for 70 min. The thermally stable and crystalline Vio@SiO
2
@Fe
3
O
4
displayed efficient removal capacity even in the presence of other competing ions and at different pHs. The adsorption kinetics data were analysed following the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. Further, the isotherm experiment showed that the maximum uptake capacity of iodine is 1.38 g/g. It can be regenerated and reused over multiple cycles to capture iodine. Further, Vio@SiO
2
@Fe
3
O
4
displayed a good removal capacity toward toxic polyaromatic, Benzanthracene (BzA) pollutant with an uptake capacity of 2445 μg/g. This effective removal of toxic pollutants iodine/benzanthracene was attributed to the strong non-covalent electrostatic and π-π interaction with electron-deficient bipyridium units.
Graphical Abstract
Wearable antennas have gained much attention in recent years due to their attractive features and possibilities in enabling lightweight, flexible, low cost, and portable wireless communication and ...sensing. Such antennas need to be conformal when used on different parts of the human body, thus need to be implemented using flexible materials and designed in a low profile structure. Ultimately, these antennas need to be capable of operating with minimum degradation in proximity to the human body. Such requirements render the design of wearable antennas challenging, especially when considering aspects such as their size compactness, effects of structural deformation and coupling to the body, and fabrication complexity and accuracy. Despite slight variations in severity according to applications, most of these issues exist in the context of body-worn implementation. This review aims to present different challenges and issues in designing wearable antennas, their material selection, and fabrication techniques. More importantly, recent innovative methods in back radiations reduction techniques, circular polarization (CP) generation methods, dual polarization techniques, and providing additional robustness against environmental effects are first presented. This is followed by a discussion of innovative features and their respective methods in alleviating these issues recently proposed by the scientific community researching in this field.
In present study the impacts of thermal radiation and Joule heating for MHD peristaltic motion of fourth-grade nanoliquid in a channel are addressed. Elastic characteristics of channel walls are ...studied. Velocity, concentration and thermal slip effects are imposed. Furthermore the influences of viscous dissipation, heat source /sink and chemical reaction in modelling are retained. Nanofluid model consisting of thermophoresis and Brownian motion is employed. Mathematical formulation is developed by adopting long wave length and low Reynolds number. Numerical technique is used for finding the solutions of the governing problem. Comprehensive study of emerging flow variables for velocity, temperature, concentration of nanoparticles, heat transfer coefficient and trapping is addressed graphically. Moreover the results for skin friction coefficient and Sherwood number are also examined.
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•Synthesis of a new diacrylamidobenzoic acid based hyper-cross-linked resin.•Characterization by FT-IR, FESEM, PXRD, EDX, BET analysis, TGA and 13C (CP-MAS) NMR.•Efficient removal of ...Congo red and Rhodamine B from aqueous solution.•Kinetic and thermodynamic studies.
A novel hyper cross-linked, 3,5-diacrylamidobenzoic acid based resin (APEADA) has been synthesized for the highly efficient removal of Congo red (CR) and Rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous solution. The synthesized resin was extensively characterized by FT-IR, FESEM, PXRD, EDX, BET analysis, TGA and solid state 13C (CP-MAS) NMR. APEADA exhibits thermal stability (≈ 200 °C) and a considerable surface area (64.78 m2 g−1), as suggested by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, respectively. The experimental data of dyes adsorption onto resin was examined by a variety of isotherm models wherein Langmuir and Temkin models were found to be the best fit for explaining the adsorption of both RhB (R2 = 0.9899) and CR (R2 = 0.9919). The resin can efficiently remove CR (92.03%) at pH 8.14 and moderately adsorb RhB (45.3%) at pH 5.01 and exhibits maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) for CR (280.0 mg g−1) and RhB (23.28 mg g−1) at 318.6 K. The thermodynamic analysis of the data revealed that the adsorption processes were exothermic and spontaneous. Moreover, APEADA showed efficient removal efficiency (80.13%) for dyes in simulated effluents which warrants its utility and effectiveness in industrial waste water treatment.
This manuscript deals with fractional differential equations including Caputo–Fabrizio differential operator. The conditions for existence and uniqueness of solutions of fractional initial value ...problems is established using fixed point theorem and contraction principle, respectively. As an application, the iterative Laplace transform method (ILTM) is used to get an approximate solutions for nonlinear fractional reaction–diffusion equations, namely the Fitzhugh–Nagumo equation and the Fisher equation in the Caputo–Fabrizio sense. The obtained approximate solutions are compared with other available solutions from existing methods by using graphical representations and numerical computations. The results reveal that the proposed method is most suitable in terms of computational cost efficiency, and accuracy which can be applied to find solutions of nonlinear fractional reaction–diffusion equations.
The digitization of production systems has revolutionized industrial monitoring. Analyzing real-time bottom-up data enables the dynamic monitoring of industrial processes. Data are collected in ...various types, like video frames and time signals. This article focuses on leveraging images from a vision system to monitor the manufacturing process on a computer numerical control (CNC) lathe machine. We propose a method for designing and integrating these video modules on the edge of a production line. This approach detects the presence of raw parts, measures process parameters, assesses tool status, and checks roughness in real time using image processing techniques. The efficiency is evaluated by checking the deployment, the accuracy, the responsiveness, and the limitations. Finally, a perspective is offered to use the metadata off the edge in a more complex artificial-intelligence (AI) method for predictive maintenance.
Stevia rebaudiana (S. rebaudiana) is a very important species with worldwide medicinal and commercial uses. Light is one of the major elicitors that fluctuate morphogenic potential and biochemical ...responses. In the present study, we investigated the effect of various spectral lights on biomass accumulation and secondary metabolite production in callus cultures of S. rebaudiana. Leaf explants were placed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and exposed to various spectral lights. 6-Benzyle adenine (BA) and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D; 2.0mgl−1) were used for callus induction. The control light (16/8h) produced optimum callogenic response (92.73%) than other colored lights. Compared to other colored lights, control grown cultures displayed maximum biomass accumulation (5.78gl−1) during a prolonged log phase at the 18th day of growth kinetics. Cultures grown under blue light enhanced total phenolic content (TPC; 102.32μg/g DW), total flavonoid content (TFC; 22.07μg/g DW) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC; 11.63μg/g DW). On the contrary, green and red lights improved reducing power assay (RPA; 0.71Fe(II)g−1 DW) and DPPH-radical scavenging activity (DRSA; 80%). Herein, we concluded that the utilization of colored lights is a promising strategy for enhanced production of antioxidant secondary metabolites in callus cultures of S. rebaudiana.
•White light enhanced callus induction frequency in Stevia rebaudiana.•White light displayed maximum biomass accumulation in log phases.•Blue lights enhanced the production of phenolics and flavonoids content.•Blue lights improved total antioxidant capacity.•Green and red lights promoted reducing power assay and DPPH activity.
Environmental issues are getting significant attention from academicians and practitioners. In this regard, a top to bottom integration of actions has become necessary to address these issues. ...Therefore, the present study addresses the question of fostering the pro-environmental behaviors from a leadership perspective. The study examines the relationship between environmentally specific servant leadership and workplace pro-environmental behaviors. Additionally, the study examines the mediating effect of organizational support and environmental commitment. Since the study is designed in the context of hospitality industry, the population of this study comprises employees working in hotels. Following a positivist research philosophy, the study adopted a quantitative deductive approach. The questionnaire was developed by adapting previously validated measures. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed among the respondents, and 204 returned questionnaires were subjected to data analysis using SPSS and SMART-PLS. The results of the study revealed that environmentally-specific servant leadership positively influences environmental commitments, organizational support, and workplace pro-environmental behaviors among employees. Additionally, the results identified a positive significant influence of environmental commitments, and organizational support on workplace pro-environmental behaviors. It was also found that organizational support and environmental commitments significantly mediate the relationship between environmentally-specific servant leadership and workplace pro-environmental behaviors. Notably, workplace environmental behaviors were found to be moderately influenced by environment-specific servant leadership. It is concluded that leaders play a crucial role in determining the environment oriented behavior among the employees. The study offers valuable insights for both policymakers and top management of hotels to focus on servant leadership for fostering pro-environmental behaviors among hotel employees to achieve environmental sustainability.
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