Simulation training has been used to integrate didactic knowledge, technical skills, and crisis resource management for effective orientation and patient safety. We hypothesize multi-institutional ...simulation-based training for first year pediatric critical care (PCC) fellows is feasible and effective.
Descriptive, educational intervention study.
The simulation facility at the host institution.
A multicentered simulation-based orientation training "boot camp" for first year PCC fellows was held at a large simulation center. Immediate posttraining evaluation and 6-month follow-up surveys were distributed to participants.
A novel simulation-based orientation training for first year PCC fellows was facilitated by volunteer faculty from seven institutions. The two and a half day course was organized to cover common PCC crises. High-fidelity simulation was integrated into each session (airway management, vascular access, resuscitation, sepsis, trauma/traumatic brain injury, delivering bad news). Twenty-two first year PCC fellows from nine fellowship programs attended, and 13 faculty facilitated, for a total of 15.5 hours (369 person-hours) of training. This consisted of 2.75 hours for whole group didactic sessions (17.7%), 1.08 hours for a small group interactive session (7.0%), 4.67 hours for task training (30.1%), and 7 hours for training (45.2%) with high-fidelity simulation and crisis resource management. A "train to success" approach with repetitive practice of critical assessment and interventional skills yielded higher scores in training effectiveness in the end-of-course evaluation. A follow-up survey revealed this training was highly effective in improving clinical performance and self-confidence.
The first PCC orientation training integrated with simulation was effective and logistically feasible. The train to success concept with repetitive practice was highly valued by participants. Continuation and expansion of this novel multi-institutional training is planned.
Tracheal intubation in the pediatric intensive care unit is often performed in emergency situations with high risks. Simulation has been recognized as an effective methodology to train both technical ...and teamwork skills. Our objectives were to develop a feasible tool to evaluate team performance during tracheal intubation in the pediatric intensive care unit and to apply the tool in the clinical setting to determine whether multidisciplinary teams with a higher number of simulation-trained providers exhibit more proficient performance.
Prospective, observational pilot study.
Single tertiary children's hospital pediatric intensive care unit.
Pediatric and emergency medicine residents, pediatric intensive care unit nurses, and respiratory therapists from October 2007 to June 2008.
A pediatric intensive care unit on-call resident, a pediatric intensive care unit nurse, and a respiratory therapist received simulation-based multidisciplinary airway management training every morning. An assessment tool for team technical and behavioral skills was developed. Independent trained observers rated actual intubations in the pediatric intensive care unit by using this tool.
For observer training, two independent raters (research assistants 1 and 2) evaluated a total of 53 training sessions (research assistant 1, 16; research assistant 2, 37). The correlation coefficient with the facilitator expert (surrogate standard) was .73 for research assistant 1 and .88 for research assistant 2 (p ≤ .001 for both) in the total score, .84 for research assistant 1 and .77 for research assistant 2 (p < .001 for both) in the technical domain, and .63 for research assistant 1 (p = .009) and .84 for research assistant 2 (p < .001) in the behavioral domain. The correlation coefficient was lower in video-based observation (.62 vs. .88, on-site). For clinical observation, 15 intubations were observed in real time by raters. The performance by a team with two or more simulation-trained members was rated higher compared with the team with fewer than two trained members (total score: 127 ± 6 vs. 116 ± 9, p = .012, mean ± sd).
It is feasible to rate the technical and behavioral performance of multidisciplinary airway management teams during real intensive care unit intubation events by using our assessment tool. The presence of two or more multidisciplinary simulation-trained providers is associated with improved performance during real events.
ResumenLa ecografía a pie de cama (EPC) se ha convertido en los últimos años en una herramienta imprescindible para la práctica clínica. La EPC debe entenderse como una extensión de la exploración ...física habitual que, sin sustituirla, la complementa y la enriquece. La EPC permite al clínico responder preguntas concretas sobre el diagnóstico, entender mejor la fisiopatología, orientar el tratamiento o realizar procedimientos invasivos con mayor seguridad. A pesar de su integración en muchos centros y en las diferentes subespecialidades pediátricas, no disponemos de recomendaciones específicas que establezcan los objetivos formativos en las distintas áreas de capacitación, la metodología de entrenamiento o la certificación de competencias en pediatría. Estos elementos son imprescindibles para que la EPC pueda implementarse en la práctica diaria con garantías de eficiencia y seguridad.Este artículo aborda las principales aplicaciones de la EPC en pediatría mediante una revisión no sistemática por parte de expertos en diferentes áreas de la práctica clínica en España. Además, se discute acerca de la falta de planes formativos a nivel estatal, contando con la aportación de la experiencia de Estados Unidos.En vista de la situación actual de la EPC, en nuestra opinión es urgente que se establezcan recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para el entrenamiento en EPC que sirvan como base para el desarrollo de planes formativos y la integración de la EPC en el programa formativo de la especialidad.
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