Learning points for clinicians Fornix is a white matter tract bundle that is a substantial component of the Papez Circuit and has memory and cognitive functions. Isolated bilateral fornix infarction ...is uncommon and the clinical presentation is memory impairments in general. Most cases are accompanied by vascular comorbidities such as pulmonary embolism and peripheral venous thrombosis. Here we presented an unusual case of bilaterally fornix infarction with biotinidase deficiency and presenting with paraparesis and acute onset anterograde amnesia.
Knowing congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava is of clinical importance for radiological interventional procedures and retroperitoneal surgery. We present magnetic resonance imaging of the ...coincidence of fenestrated right and left inferior vena cava anomalies in a 78-year-old woman. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is an important imaging technique that is preferred in evaluating vascular structures in this locality.
Advanced radiation applications have been widely used and extended to many fields. As a result of this fact, choosing an appropriate shielding material based on the radiation application has become ...vital. In this regard, the integration of elements into polymer composites has been investigated and contributed to the quantity and quality of radiation shielding materials. This study reports photon attenuation parameters and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of a novel polymer composite prepared with a matrix reinforced with three different proportions (5, 10, and 15 wt%) of niobium content. Addition of Nb dopant improves both photon attenuation and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness for the investigated composites. Therefore, Nb(15%) polymer composite with highest concentration has been found to be the best absorber for ionizing and non-ionizing radiations. Consequently, the performed analyzes provide evidences that the prepared Nb-reinforced polymer composite could be effectively used as photon radiation attenuator and electromagnetic shielding material.
Sinonasal teratoid carcinosarcoma or teratocarcinoma is an extremely rare aggressive tumour. It usually arises in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In this study, the authors described magnetic ...resonance imaging and computed tomography findings from a patient with sinonasal teratocarcinoma. Computed tomography of the sinonasal teratoid carcinosarcoma can mimic paranasal fungal infections. Magnetic resonance imaging is a very useful tool for making a differential diagnosis between the sinonasal teratoid carcinosarcoma and paranasal sinusitis.
This paper investigates the radiation shielding properties, such as linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half and tenth value layers, effective atomic number and electron density, and radiation ...protection efficiency as a function of photon energy, of a new composite, PbI
2
-doped polyester. The mentioned polyester composite was prepared with different proportions of lead(II) iodide (5% increments between 5 and 20%) so that impact of the dopant amount on radiation shielding could be properly analyzed. The prepared composites were tested in 22 different energies in the energy range of 59.5–1408.0 keV with the use of HPGe detector and eight radioactive point sources. The obtained results were further validated by comparing the results of XCOM computer program, and negligible discrepancies were observed. It was observed that PbI
2
(20%) composite is more effective gamma radiation shielding material than other produced composites. In light of this information, it can be said that the shielding efficiency increases with increasing lead(II) iodide amount.
The aim of this study was to describe different lesions and features associated with developmental venous anomalies (DVAs).
The records and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of 1,722 patients ...who underwent cranial MRI between 2010 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. It was found that 124 (7.2%) patients had DVAs, and 48 of these patients (38.7%) had additional anomalies accompanying DVAs. Of the patients with DVAs, 25 were female and 23 were male, with a mean age of 39.3 years (range, 3-77 years). MRI was performed in all the patients.
In addition to DVAs, cavernomas were present in 30 patients (62.5%), haematomas in 7 (14.5%), gliosis in 6 (12.5%), demyelinating plaques in 4 (8.3%) and a glioblastoma in 1 (2.2%). The mean diameter of the DVAs was 1.1mm and the mean diameter of the lesions was 17.4mm. The susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) sequence was also applied to 12 patients with cavernomas. The relevant sequence in all of these patients contributed to the diagnosis.
Our study shows that DVAs can accompany a wide spectrum of lesions, especially cavernomas. Although their pathophysiology has not yet been clearly established, these lesions may have a common aetiology.
The usage of composites as the shielding materials are highly recommended since they could be used in order to attenuate the undesired radiation with unique properties and advantages in the areas ...where the radiation is prevalent. In this context, not only are their radiation shielding properties important but also their flexibility, durability and low cost. Due to the mentioned superior characteristics, the polyester based composites are among the most preferred materials. With the aim of creating unique and novel radiation shielding materials, this study investigates gamma and neutron shielding capabilities of the polyester composites reinforced with Boron and Tin nanopowders at different proportions (0–50%, 10–40%, 20–30%, 30-20% and 40-10%, 50-0%). The gamma shielding abilities of the prepared polyester composite materials were evaluated using an HPGe detector system, WinXCOM computer program and different simulation tools (FLUKA and GEANT4) at the energies varying from 59.5 to 1332.5 keV. The experimental, theoretical and simulation results showed remarkable agreement between each other, and the addition of Sn enhances the gamma attenuation performance of the chosen polyester composite materials. In addition to gamma analysis results, neutron shielding properties of the proposed composites are further determined. On this purpose, the transmitted neutron numbers through the samples (as functions of neutron energy and the sample thickness) and effective neutron removal cross sections were evaluated. The neutron shielding performance of the samples showed that the prepared composites could be alternative materials to the existing neutron shields in the literature.
•The polyester composites reinforced with boron and tin nanopowders are produced.•The gamma attenuation abilities of the prepared composites are evaluated.•HPGe detector, WinXCOM program and MC simulations are used for gamma analysis.•Theoretical and simulation methods are used for the neutron shielding tests.•The proposed composites show excellent gamma and neutron shielding performance.
The shielding efficiencies of gamma and neutron radiations for ternary composites containing polyester resin, polyacrylonitrile and gadolinium (III) sulfate at different ratios were investigated in ...the present study. In order to investigate the gamma radiation shielding capacity of the produced ternary composites, linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer, effective atomic number and radiation protection efficiency parameters were determined experimentally, theoretically and using the GEANT4 simulation code. The gamma shielding capabilities of the composites were studied in the photon energy range of 59.5–1332.5 keV. In order to investigate the neutron shielding abilities of composites, inelastic, elastic, capture and transport numbers, total macroscopic cross section and mean free path parameters were determined with the help of GEANT4 simulation code. In addition, the number of transmitted neutrons at different sample thicknesses and neutron energies were also determined. It was observed that gamma radiation shielding properties were improved due to the increasing amount of gadolinium (III) sulfate and neutron shielding properties were improved due to the increasing amount of polyacrylonitrile. While the composite coded P0Gd50 exhibits a better gamma radiation shielding ability than the others, the neutron shielding of the sample coded P50Gd0 is also more favorable than the others.
•Ternary composites containing polyester, C3H3N and Gd2(SO4)3 were produced.•Their gamma shielding capacities were determined by three different methods.•Neutron shielding capacities were investigated with GEANT4.•It was observed that gamma shielding properties improved with increasing Gd2(SO4)3.•It was observed that neutron shielding properties improved with increasing C3H3N.
Polyester is strong and durable material and tends to retain its shape, thus polyester composites have become highly preferred option in high-tech applications. This motivates the usage of polyester ...composites in the production of radiation shielding materials as well. In present study, gamma ray shielding properties of polyester composite reinforced with different proportions of Cadmium Telluride (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) have been investigated theoretically and experimentally. The experiments were performed with the use of HPGe detector in a wide range of photon energies varying from 59.5 to 1408.0 keV while XCOM computer program was computed in the same photon energy range to obtain theoretical results and to verify the experimental outcomes. Remarkable radiation protection efficiency was obtained with additive material of Cadmium Telluride, and the radiation protection efficiency was found to be increased with the increase of additive material amount. Negligible discrepancies between experimental and theoretical results were also observed.
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•Polyester composites reinforced with CdTe were produced for the first time.•The gamma-ray attenuation capacities of the composites were investigated.•Experimental and theoretical studies were carried out in a wide energy range.•Remarkable radiation protection efficiency was obtained with additive of CdTe.•CdTe(20%) coded sample has better gamma-ray attenuation than other samples.
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