O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia carrapaticida e preventiva da associação de abamectina 0.6% com fluazuron 3.0% em bovinos artificialmente infestados. Foram selecionados 12 bovinos, ...mantidos estabulados, mestiços das raças Gir x Holandês, machos, compondo seis animais por grupo. Os animais do grupo controle não receberam nenhum tipo de tratamento, enquanto que os animais do grupo tratado receberam a formulação da associação na dose única de 600 mcg de abamectina com 3 mg de fluazuron por quilo de peso corporal, por meio de via “pour-on”. As infestações, dos grupos controle e tratado, foram realizadas com 2.500 larvas de Rhipicephalus microplus, nos dias -23, -21, -19, -17, -15, -13, -11, -9, -7, -5, -3, -2, -1 e a coleta de teleóginas foi realizada diariamente, dos dias -3 ao +91. Para a avaliação da eficácia preventiva, as infestações prosseguiram nos dias +7, +14, +21,+28, +35, +42, +49, +56, +63, +70 e a coleta de teleóginas seguiu diariamente até o dia +94. A eficácia contra a reinfestação foi calculada nos dias +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, +42 +49, +56, +63 e +70. A análise estatística entre as médias de teleóginas recuperadas entre os grupos controle e tratado demonstrou que ocorreu diferença significativa (p≤0,05) para todas as tomadas de tempo posteriores ao tratamento. O produto em teste apresentou resultados de eficácia carrapaticida de 0,00%; 6,81%; 62,64%; 85,11%; 98,38%; 97,38%; 96,84%; 97,63%; 98,14%; 97,32%; 97,54%; 98,11%; 99,22%; 97,93%; 98,13%; 96,78%; 96,17%; 99,05%; 98,57%; 98,59%; 97,23%; 96,10%; 99,31% respectivamente para os dias experimentais +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8, +9, +10, +11, +12, +13, +14, +15, +16, +17, +18, +19, +20, +21, +22, +23 para o grupo tratado. A média da eficácia ao longo dos 23 dias após o tratamento foi de 97,8%. O resultado da eficácia preventiva foi de 98,12%; 98,68%; 98,36%; 97,88%; 96,76%; 96,45%; 96,84%; 97,03%; 95,36% e 87,07% respectivamente para os dias experimentais +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, +42, +49, +56, +63, +70. A associação de abamectina 0.6% com fluazuron 3.0% foi eficaz na prevenção contra a reinfestação por larvas de R. microplus por até 60 dias pós-tratamento
•The ectoparasiticide treatment is enough to decrease otitis lesion caused by P. ovis.•Vectra 3D® could be used to control infestation by P. ovis in rabbits.•Spontaneous lesions remission can occur ...in otitis caused by P. ovis in rabbits.
The main of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dinotefuran, pyriproxyfen and permethrin-combination (Vectra 3D-CEVA) in the topical treatment of rabbits naturally infested with P. ovis. Adult New Zealand rabbits (n = 18) with plaques of crust in both ears were divided into three groups (one control and two treated). On day 0, the animals belonging to the treated groups received a single dose of a commercial ectoparasiticide formulation, recommended for use in dogs. The control group (G1) (n = 6) received no treatment, the treated group (G2) (n = 6) received one drop in each ear, and the remaining volume was applied along the back of the animal in the dorsal midline with the commercial formulation. In the other treated group (G3) (n = 6), animals received the same product used in G2, but all the volumes of 0.5 mL were applied only to the back of the animal (dorsal midline). On days 0, +7, +14, +21, +28 and +35, lesion scores and mites per gram (MPG) of each ear scab were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software Bioestat 5.01. As the Shapiro-Wilk test determined that the data were nonparametrically distributed, the Kruskal–Wallis test was performed, followed by the Student-Newman–Keuls test, to determine the significance levels among the mean values of mite counts per gram of crusts compared to the three experimental groups. The efficacies for remission of lesion scores were 19.87 % on day +7 to 83.44 % on day +35 for G2 and 70.67 % on day +7 to 92.20 % on day +35 for G3. The efficacies obtained by evaluation of MPG were 100 % on day +7 to 99.86 % on day +35 for G2 and from 93.05 % on day +7 to 99.89 on day +35 for G3. The topical administration of the combination of dinotefuran (4.95 %), pyriproxifen (0.44 %) and permethrin (36 %) on the ears and back or only on the back in rabbits was shown to be effective in naturally controlling mite infestations by P. ovis.
FÍSTULA ARTERIOVENOSA HEPÁTICA EM CÃO: RELATO DE CASO Isidoro, Letícia de Paula Siqueira; Oliveira, Priscila Cardim de; Lopes, Taciana Oliveira ...
Revista brasileira de medicina veterinária,
2017, Letnik:
39, Številka:
2
Journal Article
O hipotireoidismo congênito canino é um distúrbio endócrino raro e subdiagnosticado. Sua verdadeira incidência é desconhecida, pois muitos cães com esta anomalia morrem antes de completarem três ...meses de idade. Por atuar em diversos órgãos, a falta dos hormônios da tireóide causam diversos sinais clínicos relacionados ao baixo metabolismo, dentre eles: deficiência mental e anomalias no desenvolvimento do esqueleto. O diagnóstico é feito através do histórico, exames laboratoriais de triagem somado aos achados clínico-epidemiológico e dosagens séricas dos hormônios tireoidianos, tiroxina total (T4T), tiroxina livre (T4L) e hormônio estimulante da tireóide (TSH). O presente trabalho relata um caso de hipotireoidismo congênito canino na raça Chow-Chow de um ano de idade diagnosticado no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. O animal foi submetido ao tratamento de reposição hormonal com levotiroxina sódica o que resultou em melhora do quadro clinico
•Sarolaner showed 100 % overall efficacy at 24 hs after treatment on naturally Cochliomyia hominivorax myiasis in dogs.•Sarolaner showed an average 50.1 % expulsion rate on C. hominivorax larvae.•A ...single sarolaner dose is useful on clinical management of primary myiasis by C. hominivorax in dogs.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the larval expulsion, larvicidal effect, retention rate of dead larvae and overall efficacy of sarolaner on the treatment of myiasis caused by New World screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax in naturally infested dogs. Eight Beagle dogs received a single dose of saroalner 40 mg, with dosage ranging from 2.7 mg/kg to 3.7 mg/kg. Evaluations occurred every 15 min in the first hour, every hour for up to 6 h, and after 24 h of treatment. At 24 h post-treatment, total wound cleaning was performed, including removal and counting of remaining live and dead larvae. The animals received antibiotic, analgesic and wound cleaning support until complete wound healing. The average expulsion of the larvae was 50.9 % occurring mainly after 4 h of treatment. The larvicidal effect was 70.6 % at 6 h after treatment and 100 % at 24 h. The mean retention rate of dead larvae of sarolaner was 33.9 %, The overall efficacy was 100 %, thus making sarolaner an excellent treatment option in myiasis caused by C. hominivorax larvae in dogs.
Doxycycline (DOX) is the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME), one of the main infectious diseases affecting dogs. Despite the therapeutic simplicity, the ...need for long-term use of DOX tablets (28 days) and gastrointestinal effects may pose problems. The aim of the study was to develop a DOX chewable tablet, evaluate its palatability and pharmacokinetic profile in comparison with a commercial formulation, Doxifin®, and evaluate the influence of co-administration with vitamin supplement on the bioavailability of doxycycline. The AUC0-t values found for DOX chewable tablets (13.85 ± 3.81 μg.h/mL) and Doxifin® (15.88 ± 4.38 μg.h/mL) did not differ significantly (p<0.05). The co-administration of the vitamin supplement Hemolitan® influenced the pharmacokinetic profile of DOX, leading to a decrease in bioavailability for chewable DOX tablets and Doxifin®, with relative bioavailability values (F) of 64% and 62%, respectively. Palatability evaluations confirmed the palatability of the chewable tablets. Therefore, a DOX chewable tablet is an important alternative that can overcome some of the challenges associated with the characteristic bitter taste of doxycycline, with considerable reduction animal stress, and with plasma doxycycline concentrations equivalent in practical terms to a conventional product.
•The head was the prevalence área of parasitism by Ctenocephalides felis in rabbits.•Vectra 3D® showed 100% efficacy for two weeks against fleas in infested rabbits.•Rabbits may present dermatitis ...due to allergy of flea bites.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an insecticidal product in rabbits that combines the neonicotinoid dinotefuran with the pyrethroid permethrin plus the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen. Adult New Zealand rabbits (n = 12) were infested with Ctenocephalides felis felis (50 males and 50 females per rabbit) at days −7, −2, +5, +12 and +19. The control group (n = 6) received no treatment and the treated group (n = 6) received the commercial formulation, indicated for use in dogs, which was applied topically on day 0. The animals were mechanically evaluated with combs (comb test), to assess pulicidal efficacy, on days −5, +2, +7, +14 and +21. All flea removals and counts were performed by region, following the order: head, ears, neck, forelegs, dorsum, abdomen, hind limbs and tail, in order to determine the preferred sites of parasitism by the C. felis felis flea in rabbits. The distribution of fleas prevailed in the head region (about 62%), followed by the neck and back (14 and 11%, respectively). The insecticidal efficacy was calculated using arithmetic means, showing effectiveness of 100% on days +2 and +7 and 82.2% and 81.6%, on days +14 and +21, respectively. Thus the present study has shown the combination to be a viable option in the treatment and control of rabbits infested by C. felis felis.
The ixodid tick Amblyomma cajennense (sensu lato) complex, widespread throughout South and Central America, is also present in Mexico, Texas and Florida. As a vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, and ...potentially of other pathogens, infestations with A. cajennense present a substantial health risk to humans, dogs and other mammals. Oral administration of lotilaner flavored chewable tablets (Credelio
, Elanco) to dogs was previously shown to rapidly provide killing activity of infesting ticks. This study investigated lotilaner's efficacy against A. cajennense (s.l.).
Twenty purpose-bred Beagles (10 male and 10 female) were ranked by Day -5 burdens of nymphal A. cajennense (s.l.) and randomized to either treatment with lotilaner or to a sham-treated control group. On Day 0, dogs were fed within approximately 30 min prior to oral lotilaner administration at as close as possible to 20 mg/kg, the minimum dose rate. For efficacy assessments, tick counts were completed 48 h post-treatment or 48 h after experimental challenge infestations with 200 nymphal A. cajennense (s.l.) on Days -7, -2, 7, 14, 21 and 28.
Tick infestations in the control group dogs ranged from a low of 43 to 95, with the average infestation remaining above 25% at each assessment, thereby meeting the requirement for efficacy comparison with the treated group. Lotilaner efficacy was 100% within 48 h post-treatment, and at nine days post-treatment. Efficacy was greater than 99% at all subsequent assessments through Day 30. No treatment-related adverse events were observed.
The results demonstrate that lotilaner, administered orally to dogs at a minimum dose of 20 mg/kg is well tolerated, provides rapid reduction of existing A. cajennense (s.l.) tick infestations, and provides sustained residual protection for at least 30 days against subsequent infestation by A. cajennense (s.l.).
O sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) exerce papel de regulação do sistema cardiovascular por meio da modulação simpática e parassimpática, que atuam de maneira associadas na regulação da homeostase ...(Pumprla et al. 2002). Este balanço exercido pelo SNA é determinado por inúmeros fatores incluindo a respiração, estresse, temperatura, pressão sanguínea e atividade física (Vanderlei et al. 2009). A regulação nervosa cardíaca sofre influência da obesidade, mas ainda não foi esclarecida qual a resposta autonômica presente neste distúrbio (Pascon 2009). Sabe-se que o aumento de 10% da gordura corpórea é capaz de levar à diminuição da ação parassimpática e aumento da frequência cardíaca (Van Vliet et al. 1995). A Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca (VFC) permite avaliar a modulação autonômica sobre o coração, por meio dos intervalos de despolarizações ventriculares, ao eletrocardiograma (ECG), e fornece informações sobre a relação e contribuição do SNA na influência neural do controle da frequência cardíaca (Kleiger et al. 2005). O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a VFC, por meio de exame eletrocardiográfico, em cães obesos, com Escore de Condição Corporal (ECC) 8/9 e 9/9, comparando com a VFC dos mesmos animais, após terapia com ração terapêutica no período de 6 meses.
FÍSTULA ARTERIOVENOSA HEPÁTICA EM CÃO Letícia P. S. Isidoro; Priscila Cardim de Oliveira; Taciana Oliveira Lopes ...
Revista brasileira de medicina veterinária,
05/2018, Letnik:
39, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Fístulas arteriovenosas hepáticas são comunicações vasculares entre a artéria hepática e a veia porta fazendo com que o sangue se desvie da rede sinusóide hepática e retorne por fluxo retrógrado para ...o sistema portal. Essa afecção de rara ocorrência, pode ser de caráter congênito ou adquirido, podendo levar à anorexia, perda de peso, diarreia, alterações neurológicas e ascite, e possui o desvio portossistêmico como principal diagnóstico diferencial. O tratamento clínico é paliativo, sendo necessária a realização de cirurgia para resolução definitiva da doença. O presente relato reporta um caso de fistula arteriovenosa em cão, desde o início dos sinais clínicos, o diagnóstico e tratamento exclusivamente clínico realizado, tendo o animal uma sobrevida de 19 meses.
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