Introduction:
Many health professionals believe they practice collaboratively. Providing insight into their actual level of collaboration requires a means to assess practice within health settings. ...This chapter reports on the development, testing, and refinement process for the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS). There is a paucity of literature and measurement tools addressing interprofessional collaborative team performance and the nature of effective teamwork processes and patient roles within collaborative teams. These gaps limit our knowledge about how health care teams form and function. Instruments are therefore needed to assess collaborative relationships.
Methods:
The AITCS, with its 47 items within 4 subscales (partnership, cooperation, coordination, and shared decision making) and assessed on a 5‐point Likert scale, was administered to a total of 125 practitioners from 7 health care teams practicing within a variety of settings, in 2 provinces in Canada.
Results:
Principal components and factor analysis of data resulted in 37 items loading onto 3 factors, explaining 61.02% of the variance. The internal consistency estimates for reliability of each subscale ranged from 0.80 to 0.97, with an overall reliability of 0.98. Thus, the AITCS is a reliable and valid instrument.
Discussion:
The psychometric analysis of this instrument supports its value in measuring collaboration within teams and when patients are included as team members. The AITCS can be applied to continuing professional education interventions to determine change over time. It has limitations to the Canadian context and within the settings where participants practiced. Further test and retest reliability and longitudinal study application is needed.
This paper focuses on the identified value of a community-based project (CBP), including residents' living within low income housing units and their reported experiences of receiving health and ...social services within two communities by nurse practitioners (NPs) and its impact on their communities.
To gain insight into the lived experience of residents in the housing units from a collaborative interprofessional care approach provided in a clinic situated within each housing unit, in integrating health and social services within the residents' own ‘community’ and its outcomes.
A qualitative descriptive study to gain insight into the shared views of care informants.
Two low income housing units in xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Twenty-two residents representing all genders who lived in the housing units.
A purposive sampling of willing residents participated in a focus group interview. Each group comprised from 4 to 6 persons. Two focus group interviews occurred in each of the two housing units.
Their voices resulted in identification of two themes – clinic as a catalyst to creating a sense of community and clinic as assisting them in managing their overall health. Two subthemes were also identified within each theme.
Findings provide insight into the value of CBP, that a strengths-based and interprofessional care approach can serve as a catalyst for an evolving community.
What is currently known•nursing care addressing social determinants of health has limited impact analyses into their communities•Community development studied within peoples social services rarely addresses extended impact to peoples' overall community health care.
What this paper adds•insight into using strengths-based relationship building approach with people, can address overcome stigmatization perspective•attention to equity in nursing care of marginalized people can evolve to give them a sense of their own ‘community’•nursing care emphasizing equity in relationship building can assist people in improved health perceptions
Conflict within interprofessional healthcare teams, when not effectively resolved, has been linked to detrimental consequences; however, effective conflict resolution has been shown to enhance team ...performance, increase patient safety, and improve patient outcomes. Alarmingly, knowledge of healthcare professionals' ability to resolve conflict has been limited, largely due to the challenges that arise when researchers attempt to observe a conflict occurring in real time. Research literature has identified three central components that seem to influence healthcare professional's perceived ability to resolve conflict: communication competence, problem-solving ability, and conflict resolution education and training. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of communication competence, problem-solving ability, and conflict resolution education and training on healthcare professionals' perceived ability to resolve conflicts. This study employed a cross-sectional survey design. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that two of the three central components-conflict resolution education and training and communication competence-were found to be statistically significant predictors of healthcare professionals' perceived ability to resolve conflict. Implications include a call to action for clinicians and academicians to recognize the importance of communication competence and conflict resolution education and training as a vital area in interprofessional pre- and post-licensure education and collaborative practice.
Abstract
Although health professional educational programs have been successful in equipping graduates with skills, knowledge and professionalism, the emphasis on specialization and ...profession-specific education has enhanced the development of a uniprofessional identity, which has been found to be a major barrier to interprofessional collaborative person-centred practice (IPCPCP). Changes within healthcare professional education programs are necessary to enable a shift in direction toward interprofessional socialization (IPS) to promote IPCPCP. Currently, there is a paucity of conceptual frameworks to guide IPS. In this article, we present a framework designed to help illuminate an IPS process, which may inform efforts by educators and curriculum developers to facilitate the development of health professions students' dual identity, that is, an interprofessional identity in addition to their existing professional identity, as a first step toward IPCPCP. This framework integrates concepts derived from social identity theory and intergroup contact theory into a dual identity model of IPS.
The need to be able to assess collaborative practice in health care teams has been recognized in response to the direction for team-based care in a number of policy documents. The purpose of this ...study is to report on further refinement of such a measurement instrument, the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS) first published in 2012. To support this refinement, two objectives were set: Objective 1: to determine whether the items from the data collected in 2016 load on the same factors as found for the 2012 version of the 37-item AITCS. Objective 2: to determine whether the items in the subscales of the AITCS could be reduced while retaining psychometric properties similar to those from the earlier versions of the AITCS.
Initially, the overall data sets of 1002 respondents from two hospitals and four community agencies were analyzed for demographics and scale and subscale mean values, SDs, and mean item scores. After deletion of respondents because of missing data, 967 respondents were available for the first analysis. An exploratory factor analysis was then conducted to determine the factor structure. All respondents with any random missing data were further removed to reduce the data set to 676 responses, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis to find a model fit resulting in an item reduction in the scale.
The result was a 23-item AITCS-II for practitioners that retained acceptable levels of reliability and validity within 3 subscales-partnership (8 items), cooperation (8 items), and coordination (7 items).
The shortened version of the AITCS-II is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used to assess collaboration in health care teams in practice settings.
There is a need for tools by which to evaluate the beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes that underlie interprofessional socialization and collaborative practice in health care settings.
This paper ...introduces the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS), a 24-item self-report measure based on concepts in the interprofessional literature concerning shifts in beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes that underlie interprofessional socialization. The ISVS was designed to measure the degree to which transformative learning takes place, as evidenced by changed assumptions and worldviews, enhanced knowledge and skills concerning interprofessional collaborative teamwork, and shifts in values and identities. The scales of the ISVS were determined using principal components analysis.
The principal components analysis revealed three scales accounting for approximately 49% of the variance in responses: (a) Self-Perceived Ability to Work with Others, (b) Value in Working with Others, and (c) Comfort in Working with Others. These empirically derived scales showed good fit with the conceptual basis of the measure.
The ISVS provides insight into the abilities, values, and beliefs underlying socio-cultural aspects of collaborative and authentic interprofessional care in the workplace, and can be used to evaluate the impact of interprofessional education efforts, in house team training, and workshops.
This paper addresses the health care system from a global perspective and the importance of human resources management (HRM) in improving overall patient health outcomes and delivery of health care ...services.
We explored the published literature and collected data through secondary sources.
Various key success factors emerge that clearly affect health care practices and human resources management. This paper will reveal how human resources management is essential to any health care system and how it can improve health care models. Challenges in the health care systems in Canada, the United States of America and various developing countries are examined, with suggestions for ways to overcome these problems through the proper implementation of human resources management practices. Comparing and contrasting selected countries allowed a deeper understanding of the practical and crucial role of human resources management in health care.
Proper management of human resources is critical in providing a high quality of health care. A refocus on human resources management in health care and more research are needed to develop new policies. Effective human resources management strategies are greatly needed to achieve better outcomes from and access to health care around the world.
Interprofessional collaboration might improve healthcare processes and outcomes; however, it has been found that most instruments that aim to measure collaboration have undergone limited testing. The ...assessment of interprofessional team collaboration scale (AITCS) is one questionnaire that aims to evaluate collaboration, but it has not yet been extensively tested. The aim of this study was to translate and to cross-culturally adapt the AITCS for use in Sweden, to describe floor and ceiling values, and to investigate the AITCS in terms of reliability, face, and content validity. The study included a total of 349 participants working in team-based pain rehabilitation. The participants were asked to fill in the Swedish version of the AITCS (AITCS-S) at baseline. Of these, 73 participants also completed the AITCS-S two weeks later. The results showed that the content and face validity were good. Internal consistency varied from 0.79 to 0.96 and judged to be acceptable to excellent. Test-retest stability showed excellent stability with intraclass correlation values above 0.75 for all subscales. This study concludes that the Swedish version of the AITCS is a reliable and valid questionnaire. Further psychometric investigations might be undertaken in order to attempt to develop shorter versions of the AITCS-S.
orchard ca. (2010) Journal of Nursing Management18, 248–257 Persistent isolationist or collaborator? The nurse’s role in interprofessional collaborative practice
Aim The present study explores ...current understanding about interprofessional collaborative client‐centred practice and nursing’s role in this form of care delivery.
Background A profession‐only focus on nursing practice has been challenged at professional, national governmental and World Health Organization levels stressing for more interprofessional patient‐centred collaborative teamwork.
Evaluation Moving to patient‐centred collaborative practice is fraught with barriers. Enablers can result in building trust, power sharing and shared decision‐making. Changing current workplace environments requires institutional commitments to support collaborative team development.
Key issue(s) Nurses can become collaborative members of teams through: (1) re‐socialize; (2) understanding and articulating nurses roles, knowledge and skills to others; (3) other health providers sharing the same to nurses; (4) identifying where shared roles, knowledge and skills exist; and (5) learning to work in collaborative teams. Nurses must address some fundamental issues about practice that negate collaboration and patient‐centred care.
Conclusions All professionals, including nurses, must move away from a service‐oriented delivery to a patient‐centred collaborative approach to care.
Implications for nursing management The values within health organizations need to be underpinned by collaborative interprofessional patient‐centred practice. To accomplish this goal, administrators and managers must support assessment of employees and visiting physicians as to their conformance with agency established expectations for such practice.
To develop and validate an Italian version of the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale II (I-AITCS II).
A multiphase validation study was conducted. The first phase was the ...AITCS-II translation from English into Italian to develop the first version of I-AITCS II for practitioners. The second phase was the study of I-AITCS II face and content validity, and the third phase was a cross-sectional data collection to provide evidence of construct validity using the psychometrics testing and the reliability assessment through the internal consistency study.
The agreement for the forward-translation among researchers was high. The face and content validity were satisfactory. The underlying constructs of I-AITCS II were partnership, cooperation and coordination. Internal consistency was good for both scale and domains level. There were significant differences related to partnership in the comparison between settings.
I-AITCS II showed evidence of validity and reliability. It will be useful to gather data to address programs aimed to enhance interprofessional team collaboration within the Italian healthcare contexts, and it could be used for cross-national researches.
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