Provider: Czech digital library/Česká digitální knihovna - Institution: National Medical Library/Národní lékařská knihovna - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Cíle: Tato studie měla za cíl ...zjištění diagnostické přesnosti české verze souboru tří otázek ke stanovení diagnózy syndromu neklidných nohou (Restless Legs Syndrome, RLS), které se používají v epidemiologických studiích prováděných dotazníkovou cestou bez asistence investigátora. Originální anglická verze dotazníku byla publikována v roce 2003 Mezinárodní skupinou pro výzkum RLS (International RLS study group) společně s hlavními a vedlejšími diagnostickými kritérii pro klinické nebo telefonické stanovení diagnózy RLS. Soubor a metody: Sada otázek byla přeložena do češtiny a pak zaslepeně zpět do angličtiny, aby nedošlo k posunu významu. Ženy přicházející ke kontrole na Gynekologickou kliniku 1. LF UK a VFN v Praze v 34.–38. týdnu těhotenství byly požádány o vyplnění výše zmíněného dotazníku. Následně lékař vycvičený v diagnostice RLS pacientky kontaktoval na jimi zadaném telefonním čísle k standardnímu diagnostickému rozhovoru k ověření či vyloučení diagnózy RLS. Výsledky obou metod byly porovnávány a byla stanovena senzitivita, specificita, pozitivní a negativní prediktivní hodnoty. Výsledky: Dotazníkovou studii podstoupilo celkem 776 těhotných žen, ve věku 18–49 let. Celkem bylo validováno 199 dotazníků, u 65 osobní pohovor potvrdil diagnózu RLS. Pozitivita všech tří otázek má 89% specificitu, ale jen přibližně 78% pozitivní prediktivní hodnotu a senzitivitu. Za použití pouze první otázky je senzitivita 94 % a negativní prediktivní hodnota 96 %. Ze všech vyšetřených žen na všechny tři otázky odpovědělo pozitivně 28,0 % (95% konfidenční interval je 24,9–31,2 %). Závěr: Studie validovala českou verzi otázek a prokázala jejich relativně vysokou diagnostickou přesnost.- Aims: The aim of this study was to estimate diagnostic accuracy of the Czech version of a self-administered minimum question set to diagnose the Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). The wording of the three questions was published in 2003 by the International RLS study group together with the diagnostic criteria. Material and methods: The question set was translated into Czech, followed by blind translation back to English. Women in 36th–38th week of pregnancy were asked to complete the questionnaire. Subsequently, the women were contacted over a telephone by a physician trained in diagnosing RLS and a standard telephone interview to establish or exclude the diagnosis of RLS was performed. The results of both methods were compared to estimate sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the minimum question set. Results: We surveyed 776 pregnant women (18–49 years old) who came to a prenatal outpatient clinic to consult an obstetrician at the third trimester (36th–38th week of pregnancy). In total, 199 questionnaires were validated; personal interview confirmed the diagnosis of RLS in 65 of them. Positive response to all three questions yields specificity of 89% but only about 78% sensitivity and positive predictive value. Positive response to the first question only has sensitivity of 94% and negative predictive value of 96%. The prevalence of RLS during pregnancy estimated using the three-question questionnaire was 28% (95% confidence interval from 24.9 to 31.2%). Conclusion: Our study validated the Czech version of the minimal question set for diagnosing RLS and confirmed its high diagnostic accuracy.- Z. Šrůtková, J. Pavlíčková, L. Plchová, K. Šonka, A. Pařízek, D. Kemlink- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Unfavorable post-partum changes to mental well-being affect more than half of all women, and are a risk to the health of both mother and baby. Their effects place strains on health and social ...systems. Currently, no generally accepted theory exists of the causes and mechanisms of post-partum mental disorders.
Literature search up to 2012, using PubMed and search words: neuroactive steroids, post-partum mental disorders, depression, corticotropin-releasing hormone and estrogens.
There are several theories for post-partum depression. One is that autoimmune diseases are involved. Others revolve around genes responsible or that lead to increased disposition to the disorder. It is likely however that the process is associated with the separation of the placenta and the fetal zone of fetal adrenal gland, the main sources of corticotropin-releasing hormone and sexual and neuroactive steroids during pregnancy, and the ability of the receptor system to adapt to these changes. The central nervous system is able to produce neurosteroids, but the drop in levels of peripheral steroids likely leads to a sudden deficit in neuroinhibitory steroids modulating ionotropic receptors in the brain.
Post-partum depression is a multifactorial disease with unknown etiology. It is probably associated with sudden changes in the production of hormones influencing the nervous system, and on the other hand the ability of the receptor system to adapt to these changes. When the relative changes in concentrations of hormones, rather than their absolute levels, is likely more important.
The maternal diet during pregnancy affects neonatal health status. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional quality of the maternal diet, and its contamination by persistent organic ...pollutants (POPs), in pregnant women living in two areas of the Czech Republic with different levels of air pollution, and subsequently to assess the relationship of these two factors with birth weight and neonatal oxidative stress. To determine the level of oxidative stress, 8-isoprostane concentrations in umbilical cord plasma were measured. The overall nutritional quality of the maternal diet was not optimal. Of the nutritional factors, protein intake proved to be the most significant showing a positive relationship with birth weight, and a negative relationship with the oxidative stress of newborns. Dietary contamination by persistent organic pollutants was low and showed no statistically significant relationship with birth weight. Only one of the 67 analyzed POPs, namely the insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), showed a statistically significant positive relationship with the level of neonatal oxidative stress.
We aimed to identify the variables that modify levels of oxidatively damaged DNA and lipid peroxidation in subjects living in diverse localities of the Czech Republic (a rural area, a metropolitan ...locality, and an industrial region). The sampling of a total of 126 policemen was conducted twice in two sampling seasons. Personal characteristics, concentrations of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm and benzoapyrene in the ambient air, activities of antioxidant mechanisms (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant capacity), levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in blood plasma, and urinary levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites were investigated as parameters potentially affecting the markers of DNA oxidation (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine) and lipid peroxidation (15-F2t-isoprostane). The levels of oxidative stress markers mostly differed between the localities in the individual sampling seasons. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, as a factor with the most pronounced effects on oxidative stress parameters. The role of other variables, including environmental pollutants, was minor. In conclusion, our study showed that oxidative damage to macromolecules was affected by processes related to inflammation; however, we did not identify a specific environmental factor responsible for the pro-inflammatory response in the organism.
A series of 314 posterior fossa duraplasties in children were performed at the Department of Neurosurgery, Hradec Králové, over the past 33 years. Computed tomographic (CT) imaging was used to ...compare the healing of various kinds of collagenic dural substitutes--allogeneic fascia lata, allogeneic dura mater and xenogeneic pericardium. Early (8 days to 3 months following surgery) and late (1-18 years following surgery) axial CT scans with sagittal reconstruction for duraplasty in 55 children were evaluated. In early postoperative CT scans, epidural collections of cerebrospinal fluid, sanguinolent liquid or haematoma and/or pseudocysts or pseudomeningoceles appeared. In late CT follow-up, calcifications and ossifications in the "suboccipital coverings complex" (SCC) gradually developed and pseudocysts or pseudomeningoceles rarely persisted. It is concluded, on the basis of perioperative, clinical, and CT examinations, that posterior fossa duraplasties in children formed an important anatomical barrier and regardless of the type of graft had a favourable outcome; CT was shown to be a suitable method for the demonstration of dural grafts at the site of craniectomies.
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