Red Tank, a short story by Vladimir Nazor (1922) analysed in this paper is estimated as one of the more important contributions in Croatian literature on First World War and its consequences. ...Although it has been mostly neglected until contemporary times, it presents its author as a masterful artist, humanist, and a visionary. By using allegories, Vladimir Nazor noticed a number of tendencies in the society of his time, and he also predicted a future war as a consequence of the World War I. In this paper, allegorical symbolism in the short story will be elaborated in a broad historical context.
Grammatical works of Juraj Krizanic which were written in Russia, are observed from the viewpoint of their connection with the Ukrainian philology of the 17th century. Concrete examples show ...significant knowledge that this Croatian scientist had of the contemporary East-Slavic lexicographic & grammatical tradition. The challenge to create a grammatical vision of "the Slavic language" came to Krizanic from the work of Meletija Smotry'ckyj, an eminent representative of Ukrainian philology. However, the Croatian author used the Ukrainian folk language to a great extent, which, unfortunately, hasn't been recognized enough in the past extensive Krizanicology. His connections to the Ukraine have traditionally been identified with the ones with Russia, & that is the consequence of a kind of inertia in distinguishing the Ukrainian from the Russian element on the East-Slavic territory. This work uses concrete examples to show the presence of various forms of the Ukrainian language culture in the works of the Croatian author. These works make Krizanic the founder of the Croatian Ukrainian school. Through Krizanic's work Croatian philology enters the Ukrainian baroque linguistic culture. References. Adapted from the source document
Ukrainian issues have been interesting to intellectuals in the area of pre-war and war time Croatia. Different standpoints and influences are visible in its elaboration. Representatives of Russian ...emigration expressed mainly negative attitudes. By efforts to find a compromise, the editorial board of Nova Evropa invited for Slavic solidarity, but Ukraine under the Soviet regime experienced devastating interventions exactly from the Slavic (Russian Bolshevik) side. August Cesarec, in his travel pieces from the Soviet Union, brings elements of socialist realism in the presentation of reality. In Croatian intellectual circles, a youth group was formed that worked on the familiarisation with Ukrainian issues –through representation of history, literature, social research, translations. Due to them, Ukrainian language was introduced in classes at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb. This presentation of Ukraine was void of extremist characteristics of dominant ideologies. Ukrainian classics were translated, and also for the first time, representatives of Ukrainian modernism. Interest of Croatian intellectuals in the life and work of Taras Ševčenko reaches its culmination in the work of Stanko Gašparović, the leading representative of Croatian Ukrainian studies of the war time period. In this war time period, Croatian Ukrainian studies were on the rise, which was cut off by the new regime in 1945.
Starting out from comparison with Krleža's observations on Croatian political folklore from World War I, the paper points to the large fund of Ukrainian oral creativity expressing a critical stance ...towards the political events in Ukraine from 1918 onwards. At the very beginning of Russian socialism, a myth was created about the ideologically dangerous Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism as justification for the harsh anti-Ukrainian repressions. By way of internal and external censorship, that political myth prevented the meaningful organisation of national culture. Because of ideological dogmas, Ukrainian ethnology developed under political dogmas that ignored the creativity of the ordinary man and his attitude towards politics. From the beginning of Ukrainian independence in 1918 right up until the repressions of 1932, folklore with political content and pronouncedly anti-Bolshevik stances developed throughout the Ukraine. That material was long kept in limited access funds of the Ukrainian M.T. Rylski Academy of Sciences Institute of Art Studies, Folklore and Ethnology in Kiev. The notations were accumulated in response to a call for collection of folklore from the Ukraine from the beginning of the 1920s. Their study was prevented at the beginning of the dogmatic period in Ukrainian ethnology and this state of affairs lasted right up until the regime was brought down at the beginning of the 1990s. Unfortunately, the material was not published, due to scholarly inertia. The various forms and content of that creativity are demonstrated in the paper. An era of soc-realism took hold in Ukrainian ethnology after the 1930s, and it was to continue. The folklore of the preceding period that is presented in the paper was passed over in silence and banned. Authorial folklore constructs were introduced as an expression of solidarity with the people and with the Party. The Ukrainian epic corpus known as dumy, which became forms for the creation of a fictitious epic, was particularly affected. Ideological pressure deformed Ukrainian folklore. Unfortunately, certain authors adopted those forms and misrepresented them as actual, original Ukrainian popular creativity.
Sažetak
Cjelokupno Nazorovo stvaralaštvo prožeto je mitskim temama,
odnosno njegovim mitskim simbolikama. U radu se promatra
stvaralaštvo Vladimira Nazora iz aspekta korištenja i stvaranja mitske
...simbolike. Autor usmjerava svoju pažnju na pojam mita i mitološkoga
u djelu, na osobitosti kulture otoka Brača, Istre, na pojedine stilske
karakteristike određenih razdoblja. Ističe se posebno Nazorovo
zanimanje za etnologiju, folkloristiku, usmeno stvaralaštvo, za
cjelokupnu hrvatsku kulturu; spominje se i Natko Nodilo, folklorist,
istraživač mitologije, odnosno slavenskih mitova, čovjek koji je,
kao i Nazor, bio svjestan značaja mitologije unutar hrvatske kulture.
U radu se ističe važnost Nazorova zavičaja i djetinjstva odakle sežu
počeci njegova mitologizma. Nadalje govori se i o njegovim idejnim,
političkim usmjerenjima, postupcima, htijenjima... Središnji dio rada
odnosi se na analizu pojedinih mitskih simbola u Nazorovu stvaralaštvu.
Spominje se mit o slavenstvu, odnosno Slavenski mit, Istarski mit,
socijalni, povijesni, etnogenetski mit, odnosno Brački mit te Partizanski
mit. Autor upućuje na njihov odraz u suvremenoj znanosti, odnosno na
rekonstrukciju mitskoga supstrata u duhovnoj kulturi hrvatske kulturne
baštine. Svojim je stvaralaštvom Vladimir Nazor uočio, odnosno
oblikovao niz problema koji su bili aktualni u njegovo doba, a pojedini
ostaju takvima i danas. Mitskom simbolikom pisac je, posebice u
razdoblju moderne, dao značajan doprinos hrvatskoj književnoj baštini.
Cilj je ovoga članka analizirati aktualnost ukrajinske teme u intelektualnim krugovima Hrvatske i predočiti različite vizije Ukrajine – rusku, emigrantsku; socrealističku i ukrajinsko-hrvatsku, ...nacionalnu. Potonja je najzaslužnija za razvoj ukrajinistike, koja je upravo u ratnim godinama doživjela uspon kroz prevodilačku, istraživačku i nastavnu djelatnost, što je u sljedećim razdobljima ostalo nezamijećeno.
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