In the recent clinical guidelines dealing with laboratory tests for liver disease evaluation, the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) recommends ALT upper reference limits of 33 U/L for males ...and 25 U/L for females, and individuals with results above these "normal" cutoffs should be further investigated. Considering the differences between laboratory assays measuring ALT in our country, the uniform ACG "normal" range may not be suitable for Chinese population. On the other hand, reference upper/lower limits should not be equated with clinical decision thresholds. Simply acting in accordance with the reference range from ACG guidelines for ALT may lead to overdiagnosis and unnecessary follow-up examinations.
In low-dimensional electron systems, charge density waves (CDW) and superconductivity are two of the most fundamental collective quantum phenomena. For all known quasi-two-dimensional ...superconductors, the origin and exact boundary of the electronic orderings and superconductivity are still attractive problems. Through transport and thermodynamic measurements, we report on the field-temperature phase diagram in 2H-TaS2 single crystals. We show that the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) increases by one order of magnitude from temperatures at 0.98 K up to 9.15 K at 8.7 GPa when the Tc becomes very sharp. Additionally, the effects of 8.7 GPa illustrate a suppression of the CDW ground state, with critically small Fermi surfaces. Below the Tc the lattice of magnetic flux lines melts from a solid-like state to a broad vortex liquid phase region. Our measurements indicate an unconventional s-wave-like picture with two energy gaps evidencing its multi-band nature.
To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of forest encephalitis, and provide basis for revising relevant diagnostic criteria.
From January to December 2020, the clinical ...characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of forest encephalitis cases in the data of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Chinese journals from 2009 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The measurement data are expressed in Mean±SD, numbers, and the counting data of gender, region and occupation are expressed in numbers and composition ratio. Descriptive analysis of relevant data is carried out.
There were 1 153 confirmed cases of forest encephalitis reported in domestic literature, including 910 males and 243 females. Age: 16-78 years old; Cases were mainly distributed in Jilin Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province. The cases included forest rangers (112/518), freelancers (104/518) and loggers (88/518). The common symptoms and signs were fever 81.2% (936/1153),
► A new impurity assistant mechanism of H bubble nucleation is proposed based on the results of O–H–V interaction. ► The interstitial O atom traps multiple H atoms to form O–H complex. ► The initial ...vacancy could be created at the unstable sites nearby the O–H complex to form stable V–O–H complex. ► Abundant V–O–H complexes could survive due to their lower formation energy and thus the hydrogen bubble nucleates.
The impurity role for hydrogen bubble nucleation is investigated based on first-principles studies of the interaction between impurities (oxygen and carbon), hydrogen and vacancy in tungsten. A new mechanism of hydrogen bubble nucleation is proposed: the interstitial oxygen atom traps multiple hydrogen atoms inducing the appearance of some unstable lattice sites nearby, where the initial vacancy can be created to form vacancy–oxygen–hydrogen complex, whose formation energy is so low that abundant vacancy–oxygen–hydrogen complexes could survive and thus the hydrogen bubble nucleates. This mechanism could provide a sound explanation for the hydrogen bubble nucleation in tungsten (with quite low vacancy concentration) exposed to low-energy (far lower than displacement threshold energy) deuterium ions irradiation. The proposed mechanism should be generally applicable for hydrogen bubble nucleation in other metals with low vacancy concentration.
Under intensive irradiation of ultrafast laser and swift ions, a metal material like tungsten is not in electronic ground state but in excited states. In the excited states, the properties of system ...intriguingly evolve with the degree of excitation. Revealing how its properties change with the degree of excitation and uncovering the physical nature in the change of properties are of great importance for application of the metal materials in some extreme environment. In this work, through performing tight-binding calculations on the electronically-excited tungsten containing edge dislocation, we found that as the electronic excitation of the system becomes heavier, its bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young's modulus become worse, and its ductility gets better first and then turns to be worse. We proposed that this behavior is originated from the bond strength weakened by the electronically-excited states between atoms. Furthermore, it is found that during the evolution of these elastic properties, a solid-solid phase transition in the system happens at the electronically-excited state with electronic excitation energy of around 1.21 eV. We revealed that such a structural phase transition is driven essentially by exciting two soft phonon modes.
To investigate the complication rate and risk factors associated with using autologous gastric flap tissue with a vascular tip to treat benign biliary strictures.
A retrospective analysis was ...conducted on clinical data of 92 patients with benign biliary stenosis who applied autologous gastric flap tissue to repair the stenosis at the PLA General Hospital from January 2006 to May 2022. Among them, there were 40 males and 52 females, aged from 25 to 79 (50.5±12.9) years. The perioperative clinical data of the patients were recorded(Body Mass Index、preoperative platelets et.), and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing postoperative complications. Long-term follow-up was conducted to evaluate the long-term efficacy of autologous gastric flap tissue with vascular tissues for benign biliary stenosis surgery.
The incidence of recent postoperative complications in patients was 26.1%, and univariate analysis showed that preoperative bile-intestinal anastomosis, positive i
Using molecular-statics, we investigate principal physical parameters characterizing the binding of vacancies and interstitials with grain boundaries (GBs), and their annihilation near GBs in iron, ...molybdenum and tungsten. Binding energies strongly correlate with GB energies averagely and have a general level when scaled by the bulk defect formation energy. Defect diffusion is enhanced near the GB. The diffusion barrier of the vacancy gradually decreases as it approaches to the GB. For interstitials, there exist several layers near the GB in which the absorption of interstitials is spontaneous and out of which orientation-dependent. For the interstitial-rich GB, the vacancy near the GB can be annihilated at a low barrier, independent of the system. The GB influence range is limited of 1.0–2.0nm from the GB. Our obtained principal physical parameters may be applied to build the master framework for defects’ generation, transport and fate and thus to evaluate the damage rate in nano/poly-crystalline materials.
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) functions as a conserved morphogen in the development of various organs in metazoans ranging from Drosophila to humans. Here, we have investigated the potential roles and ...underlying mechanisms of Shh signaling in murine placentation. Immunostaining revealed the abundant expression of the main components of Shh pathway in both the trophectoderm of blastocysts and developing placentas. Disruption of Shh led to impaired vascularogenesis of yolk sac, less branching and malformation of placental labyrinth, thereby leading to a robust decrease in capacity of transplacental passages. Moreover, placenta-specific gene incorporation by lentiviral transduction of mouse blastocysts and blastocyst transplantation robustly knocked down the expression of Gli3 and Gli2 in placenta but not in embryos. Finally, Gli3 knockdown in Shh(-/-) placentas partially rescued the defects of both yolk sac and placental labyrinth, and robustly restored the capacity of transplacental passages. Gli2 knockdown in Shh(+/)(-) placentas affected neither the capacity of tranplacental passages nor the vascularogenesis of yolk sac, however, it partially phenocopied the labyrinthine defects of Shh(-/-) placentas. Taken together, these results uncover that both Shh/Gli2 and Shh/Gli3 signals are required for proper development of murine placentas and are possibly essential for pregnant maintenance.
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