Objective To conduct a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of Shenyankangfu tablets in combination with losartan potassium in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis. Method We searched ...PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, and WeiPu for comparative studies on Shenyankangfu tablets in combination with losartan potassium in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis. The search period runs from the establishment of the database until September 2021. Data extraction and quality evaluation were carried out on the documents that met the inclusion criteria, and a meta-analysis of the included literature was conducted using the RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 17 randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria were included, with a total sample size of 1680 patients (841 patients in the study group and 839 in the control group). The effective rate was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group RR = 1.22, 95% CI (1.16, 1.27), P < 0.00001. In addition, 24-hour urine protein levels SMD = -1.11, 95% CI (-1.40, -0.83), P < 0.00001, urine NAG enzyme SMD = -0.99, 95% CI (-1.27, -0.72), P < 0.00001, leukotactin-1 SMD = -2.43, 95% CI (-3.50, -1.35), P < 0.00001, and the incidence of adverse reactions RR = 0.43, 95% CI (0.28, 0.66), P < 0.00001 were lower in the study group when compared to the control group. Conclusion It is safer to treat chronic glomerulonephritis with Shyenyankangfu tablets in combination with losartan potassium. At the same time, it alleviates disease-related symptoms, reduces the influence of cytokine levels, and has fewer adverse reactions, making it more conducive to disease recovery. However, additional multi-center, randomized, control trials with large sample sizes must be conducted to confirm the findings.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has led to an unprecedented setback for global economy and health. Vaccination is ...one of the most effective interventions to substantially reduce severe disease and death due to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Vaccination programmes are being rolled out globally, but most of these vaccines have been approved without extensive studies on their side‐effects and efficacy. Recently, new‐onset autoimmune phenomena after COVID‐19 vaccination have been reported increasingly (e.g. immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia, autoimmune liver diseases, Guillain–Barré syndrome, IgA nephropathy, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus). Molecular mimicry, the production of particular autoantibodies and the role of certain vaccine adjuvants seem to be substantial contributors to autoimmune phenomena. However, whether the association between COVID‐19 vaccine and autoimmune manifestations is coincidental or causal remains to be elucidated. Here, we summarize the emerging evidence about autoimmune manifestations occurring in response to certain COVID‐19 vaccines. Although information pertaining to the risk of autoimmune disease as a consequence of vaccination is controversial, we merely propose our current understanding of autoimmune manifestations associated with COVID‐19 vaccine. In fact, we do not aim to disavow the overwhelming benefits of mass COVID‐19 vaccination in preventing COVID‐19 morbidity and mortality. These reports could help guide clinical assessment and management of autoimmune manifestations after COVID‐19 vaccination.
As vaccination programmes are being rolled out globally, new‐onset autoimmune phenomena are emerging after COVID‐19 vaccination (e.g. immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia, autoimmune liver diseases, Guillain–Barré syndrome, IgA nephropathy, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus).
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ginkgolide Meglumine Injection (GMI) combined with Butylphthalide in the treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS), and provide reference for rational clinical ...medication.
PubMed, Embase, Web of science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and other databases were searched for published studies on the treatment of AIS with GMI combined with Butylphthalide in both Chinese and English. The search period was from the establishment of the database to July 2023. The included studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software for Meta-analysis.
A total of 25 studies involving 2362 patients (experimental group = 1182, control group = 1180) were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the overall effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group RR = 1.21, 95% CI (1.16, 1.26), P< 0.00001. In addition, compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvement in NIHSS score SMD = -1.59, % CI (-2.00-1.18), P< 0.00001 and ADL score SMD = 2.12, 95% CI (1.52, -2.72), P<0.00001, significant decrease in CRP SMD = -2.24, 95% CI (-3.31, -1.18), P<0.0001 and TNF-α SMD = -2.74, 95% CI (-4.45, -1.03), P< 0.005 levels, and improvement in plasma viscosity SMD = -0.86, 95% CI (-1.07, -0.66), P< 0.00001. However, the influence on homocysteine level remains inconclusive. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups SMD = 0.95, 95% CI (0.71, 1.28), P> 0.05.
GMI combined with Butylphthalide shows good clinical application effects and good safety in the treatment of AIS. However, more large-sample, multicenter, randomized controlled are needed to confirm these findings.
Due to the capricious nature of renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar, large-scale energy storage devices are increasingly required to make the best use of the renewable power. The redox ...flow battery is considered suitable for large-scale applications due to its modular design, good scalability and flexible operation. The biggest challenge of the redox flow battery is the low energy density. The redox active species is the most important component in redox flow batteries, and the redox potential and solubility of redox species dictate the system energy density. This review is focused on the recent development of redox species. Different categories of redox species, including simple inorganic ions, metal complexes, metal-free organic compounds, polysulfide/sulfur and lithium storage active materials, are reviewed. The future development of redox species towards higher energy density is also suggested.
This paper considers a supply chain design problem for a new market opportunity with uncertain demand in an agile manufacturing setting. We consider the integrated optimization of logistics and ...production costs associated with the supply chain members. These problems routinely occur in a wide variety of industries including semiconductor manufacturing, multi-tier automotive supply chains, and consumer appliances to name a few. There are two types of decision variables: binary variables for selection of companies to form the supply chain and continuous variables associated with production planning. A scenario approach is used to handle the uncertainty of demand. The formulation is a robust optimization model with three components in the objective function: expected total costs, cost variability due to demand uncertainty, and expected penalty for demand unmet at the end of the planning horizon. The increase of computational time with the numbers of echelons and members per echelon necessitates a heuristic. A heuristic based on a
k-shortest path algorithm is developed by using a surrogate distance to denote the effectiveness of each member in the supply chain. The heuristic can find an optimal solution very quickly in some small- and medium-size cases. For large problems, a “good” solution with a small gap relative to our lower bound is obtained in a short computational time.
Voltage control of magnetism (VCM) is attracting increasing interest and exciting significant research activity driven by its profound physics and enormous potential for application. This review ...article aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent progress in VCM in different thin films. We first present a brief summary of the modulation of magnetism by electric fields and describe its discovery, development, classification, mechanism, and potential applications. In the second part, we focus on the classification of VCM from the viewpoint of materials, where both the magnetic medium and dielectric gating materials, and their influences on magnetic modulation efficiency are systematically described. In the third part, the nature of VCM is discussed in detail, including the conventional mechanisms of charge, strain, and exchange coupling at the interfaces of heterostructures, as well as the emergent models of orbital reconstruction and electrochemical effect. The fourth part mainly illustrates the typical performance characteristics of VCM, and discusses, in particular, its promising application for reducing power consumption and realizing high-density memory in several device configurations. The present review concludes with a discussion of the challenges and future prospects of VCM, which will inspire more in-depth research and advance the practical applications of this field.
In this study, two different biomaterials were fabricated and their potential use as a bilayer scaffold for skin tissue engineering applications was assessed. The upper layer biomaterial was a ...Poly(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide)/Poloxamer (PLCL/Poloxamer) nanofiber membrane fabricated using electrospinning technology. The PLCL/Poloxamer nanofibers (PLCL/Poloxamer, 9/1) exhibited strong mechanical properties (stress/strain values of 9.37 ± 0.38 MPa/187.43 ± 10.66%) and good biocompatibility to support adipose-derived stem cells proliferation. The lower layer biomaterial was a hydrogel composed of 10% dextran and 20% gelatin without the addition of a chemical crosslinking agent. The 5/5 dextran/gelatin hydrogel displayed high swelling property, good compressive strength, capacity to present more than 3 weeks and was able to support cells proliferation. A bilayer scaffold was fabricated using these two materials by underlaying the nanofibers and casting hydrogel to mimic the structure and biological function of native skin tissue. The upper layer membrane provided mechanical support in the scaffold and the lower layer hydrogel provided adequate space to allow cells to proliferate and generate extracellular matrix. The biocompatibility of bilayer scaffold was preliminarily investigated to assess the potential cytotoxicity. The results show that cell viability had not been affected when cocultured with bilayer scaffold. As a consequence, the bilayer scaffold composed of PLCL/Poloxamer nanofibers and dextran/gelatin hydrogels is biocompatible and possesses its potentially high application prospect in the field of skin tissue engineering.
•The prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom during the COVID-19 pandemic were relatively high.•The prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom varies among different countries’ ...college students.•The pooled prevalence of depressive symptom in females was higher compared with males.
The global pandemic of COVID-19 has brought huge changes to people's lifestyles, college students have also been affected seriously. Evidence about these significant changes indicated that college students were more prone to feel anxious and depressed. To derive a precise assessment of the prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom among college students worldwide, we conducted this meta-analysis.
Based on the guidance of PRISMA, literature was searched in Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycArticles (last search November 6, 2020). These articles after the screening were analyzed by a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom. Also, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were performed in this meta-analysis.
The results showed that the pooled anxiety symptom prevalence was 31% (95% CI: 23-39%), pooled depressive symptom prevalence was 34% (95% CI: 27-41%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom among different countries’ college students were different, and the pooled depressive symptom prevalence of females was higher compared with males.
The prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom in worldwide college students could be better assessed by a standard and reliable questionnaire.
The results suggest that the prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom during the COVID-19 pandemic is relatively high. Except for interventions that should be taken to control the pandemic urgently, mental health services are also needed to decrease the risk of anxiety and depression among college students.
Biomimetic assembly of high-quality nanosheets into nacre-like structures can produce macroscopic films with favorable mechanical and optical performances due to the intrinsic properties and high ...level of ordering of the nanoscale building blocks. Natural ground mica is abundant and exhibits great application potential. However, large size and low aspect ratio greatly limit its biomimetic assembly. Moreover, exfoliation of ground mica into high-quality nanosheets remains a significant challenge. Here, we report that large-scale exfoliation of ground mica into mono- or few-layered mica nanosheets with a production rate of ~1.0 g h
can be successfully achieved. The mica nanosheets are then assembled into strong biomimetic polymeric mica film that inherits the high electric insulation, excellent visible transmittance, and unique ultraviolet-shielding properties of natural mica. Its overall performance is superior to that of natural sheet mica and other biomimetic films, making the polymeric mica film a suitable substrate for flexible and transparent devices.
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