Necroptosis and apoptosis contribute to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and subsequent heart failure. N-arachidonoylphenolamine (AM404) is a paracetamol lipid ...metabolite that has pleiotropic activity to modulate the endocannabinoid system. However, the protective role of AM404 in modulating I/R-mediated myocardial damage and the underlying mechanism remain largely unknown. A murine I/R model was generated by occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. AM404 (20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into mice at 2 and 24 h before the I/R operation. Our data revealed that AM404 administration to mice greatly ameliorated I/R-triggered impairment of myocardial performance and reduced infarct area, myocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response accompanied by the reduction of receptor interacting protein kinase (RIPK)1/3- mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL)-mediated necroptosis and upregulation of the immunosubunits (β2i and β5i). In contrast, administration of epoxomicin (a proteasome inhibitor) dramatically abolished AM404-dependent protection against myocardial I/R damage. Mechanistically, AM404 treatment increases β5i expression, which interacts with Pellino-1 (Peli1), an E3 ligase, to form a complex with RIPK1/3, thereby promoting their degradation, which leads to inhibition of cardiomyocyte necroptosis in the I/R heart. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that AM404 could prevent cardiac I/R damage and may be a promising drug for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease.
Chloride-induced rebar corrosion is the dominant threat to reinforced concrete durability, whereas its effect mechanism and damage degree are quite variable in different marine exposure zones. ...Accordingly, a concrete beam was prepared and exposed to marine fields across various corrosion zones for 7 years, and its durability performance (especially rebar corrosion and chloride ion profiles) was evaluated. The results show that the most corroded zone occurred in the high tide level of the tidal zone, and a chloride convection zone of 4 mm emerged concomitantly. Moreover, the rebars were characterized as vertical nonuniform corrosion and localized corrosion, and their corrosion products mainly comprised two outer and inner layers. Therefore, better corrosion protection should be applied to concrete in the tidal zone, when the concrete structure is simultaneously exposed to different corrosion zones. However, the negative impact of long-term marine exposure on the mechanical properties and carbonation resistance of concrete is negligible. In addition, many marine organisms (barnacles and oysters) were found to be subregionally attached to the surface of concrete located in the submerged and tidal zones. Furthermore, they can protect the concrete by forming the shielding layer, delaying the permeation of chloride ions.
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Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) have been extensively used in various dangerous maritime tasks. Vision-based sea surface object detection algorithms can improve the environment perception abilities ...of USVs. In recent years, the object detection algorithms based on neural networks have greatly enhanced the accuracy and speed of object detection. However, the balance between speed and accuracy is a difficulty in the application of object detection algorithms for USVs. Most of the existing object detection algorithms have limited performance when they are applied in the object detection technology for USVs. Therefore, a sea surface object detection algorithm based on You Only Look Once v4 (YOLO v4) was proposed. Reverse Depthwise Separable Convolution (RDSC) was developed and applied to the backbone network and feature fusion network of YOLO v4. The number of weights of the improved YOLO v4 is reduced by more than 40% compared with the original number. A large number of ablation experiments were conducted on the improved YOLO v4 in the sea ship dataset SeaShips and a buoy dataset SeaBuoys. The experimental results showed that the detection speed of the improved YOLO v4 increased by more than 20%, and mAP increased by 1.78% and 0.95%, respectively, in the two datasets. The improved YOLO v4 effectively improved the speed and accuracy in the sea surface object detection task. The improved YOLO v4 algorithm fused with RDSC has a smaller network size and better real-time performance. It can be easily applied in the hardware platforms with weak computing power and has shown great application potential in the sea surface object detection.
The study illustrates that graphene oxide nanosheets can endow materials with continuous electrical conductivity for up to 4 weeks. Conductive nerve scaffolds can bridge a sciatic nerve injury and ...guide the growth of neurons; however, whether the scaffolds can be used for the repair of spinal cord nerve injuries remains to be explored. In this study, a conductive graphene oxide composited chitosan scaffold was fabricated by genipin crosslinking and lyophilization. The prepared chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold presented a porous structure with an inner diameter of 18-87 μm, and a conductivity that reached 2.83 mS/cm because of good distribution of the graphene oxide nanosheets, which could be degraded by peroxidase. The chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold was transplanted into a T9 total resected rat spinal cord. The results show that the chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold induces nerve cells to grow into the pores between chitosan molecular chains, inducing angiogenesis in regenerated tissue, and promote neuron migration and neural tissue regeneration in the pores of the scaffold, thereby promoting the repair of damaged nerve tissue. The behavioral and electrophysiological results suggest that the chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold could significantly restore the neurological function of rats. Moreover, the functional recovery of rats treated with chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold was better than that treated with chitosan scaffold. The results show that graphene oxide could have a positive role in the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury by promoting the degradation of the scaffold, adhesion, and migration of nerve cells to the scaffold. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Animal Research at the First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) (approval No. AMUWEC20191327) on August 30, 2019.
Microhaplotypes are an emerging type of forensic genetic marker that are expected to support multiple forensic applications. Here, we developed a 124-plex panel for microhaplotype genotyping based on ...next-generation sequencing (NGS). The panel yielded intralocus and interlocus balanced sequencing data with a high percentage of effective reads. A full genotype was determined with as little as 0.1 ng of input DNA. Parallel mixture experiments and in-depth comparative analyses were performed with capillary-electrophoresis-based short tandem repeat (STR) and NGS-based microhaplotype genotyping, and demonstrated that microhaplotypes are far superior to STRs for mixture deconvolution. DNA from Han Chinese individuals (n = 256) was sequenced with the 124-plex panel. In total, 514 alleles were observed, and the forensic genetic parameters were calculated. A comparison of the forensic parameters for the 20 microhaplotypes with the top A
values in the 124-plex panel and 20 commonly used forensic STRs showed that these microhaplotypes were as effective as STRs in identifying individuals. A linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that 106 of the 124 microhaplotypes were independently hereditary, and the combined match probability for these 106 microhaplotypes was 5.23 × 10
. We conclude that this 124-plex microhaplotype panel is a powerful tool for forensic applications.
The purposes of this study are to extract the essence from the in-depth study of entrepreneurial spirit and the exploration of China’s sports culture construction, find out the beneficial parts in ...line with China’s sports culture construction, and put forward operational suggestions and countermeasures for dealing with the relationship between entrepreneurial spirit and sports culture to help China’s sports culture construction move toward a new level. This exploration discusses the influence of entrepreneurial spirit on sports culture from the perspective of cognitive regulation, and explores the importance of entrepreneurial spirit from the aspects of social psychology, system, economy, and ethics. The structure of sports culture is analyzed, and the role of entrepreneurial spirit in promoting the construction of sports culture is expounded. Moreover, a questionnaire survey is conducted to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial spirit on the construction of sports culture from the cognitive regulation perspective. The results show that most people agree with the development of the entrepreneurial spirit and positively impact the promotion of entrepreneurial spirit. Most people are not satisfied with the attention and level of sports culture construction. In China’s sports culture, the proportion of the entrepreneurial spirit is still tiny. Thereby, entrepreneurial spirit education must be vigorously promoted to enhance the integration of entrepreneurial spirit and sports culture. The entrepreneurial spirit needs to be introduced in the construction of sports culture. It is essential to do a good job in promoting entrepreneurial spirit, improving the supporting facilities related to sports culture and strengthening the correlation between sports culture and the entrepreneurial spirit. By discussing the influence of entrepreneurial spirit on sports culture, this exploration puts forward relevant opinions for developing sports culture. It is expected that they can have some reference values. This exploration provides new ideas for promoting the combination of sports culture construction and the dissemination of entrepreneurial spirit, which has crucial theoretical and practical significance.
To enhance the accuracy of medical document classification, we propose an advanced deep fusion model for sorting medicine document. Specifically, we enhance text representation using the ...bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT). BERT is a bidirectional model that considers context information in input sequences. This capability is particularly valuable for medical document, as medical information often requires understanding in a global context, such as diagnoses, medical history, and treatment plans. Furthermore, BERT can learn the semantics of words and phrases, comprehending the different meanings of the same word in distinct contexts, which is crucial for representing medical document. For example, In the context of cardiology, stroke often refers to a cerebrovascular accident, which is a condition where blood flow to the brain is disrupted, leading to neurological impairment. This type of stroke is related to the brain and is a significant concern in the field of cardiology due to its impact on the circulatory system. In dermatology, stroke might be used to refer to a type of skin condition, such as stroking the skin. However, this context is less common and not related to the cerebrovascular meaning. Subsequently, we employ both Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet) and Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) to extract local features and global long-term dependencies, respectively. Their outputs are then fused to extract useful document features at multiple levels, effectively capturing the documental structure. The proposed deep fusion model leverages the complementary strengths of these components, enhancing the model's generalization ability and mitigating the risk of over-fitting. Ultimately, by comparing our approach with state-of-the-art methods in medical document classification, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
•Dissolved sulfides removal is primarily attributed to adsorption under low DO condition in activated sludge recycling process.•SEM/EDS, XPS, and FTIR results show that sulfides could be bonded with ...the primary amine group in the activated sludge.•Sulfides adsorption isotherm fit the Langmuir model well, and kinetic fit the pseudo-second-order model well.
Activated sludge recycling has been developed as a novel technique to directly prevent volatile sulfides emission from wastewater influents. In this study, mechanisms and characteristics of dissolved sulfides removal in aqueous solution by activated sludge were investigated. When DO content in water was 0.49mg/L, 70% of removed dissolved sulfides were released back from the activated sludge by lowering pH to 1. The SEM/EDS result revealed that removed sulfur was fixed in activated sludge and the XPS result showed that fixed sulfur had an oxidation state of −2. FTIR results showed that primary amine group (R-NH2) could be one of the radical groups bonding sulfides. All these results verified that sulfides removal by activated sludge is primarily attributed to adsorption, rather than biodegradation, under low DO conditions in 40min. The equilibrium isotherm data fit the Langmuir isotherm model well. The maximum adsorption capacity (q0) ranged in 25–38mg/g at temperatures of 10–40°C. The adsorption kinetic data fit the pseudo-second-order model well. The amounts of adsorbed sulfides at equilibrium (qe) were positively proportional to temperature, initial sulfides concentration and agitation speed. These results indicate that sulfides adsorption could be a chemical sorption or ion exchange process.
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•Grain for Green Project combat land degradation and improve ecological environment.•Afforestation contributes to land degradation neutrality and water conservation.•Increase in ...forest converted from agriculture promotes water conservation capacity.•Water conservation capacity was also influenced by rainfall, NDVI, and temperature.
Large-scale implementation of the Grain for Green Project since 1999, which took the Yellow River Basin (YRB) as the core ecological restoration area, has had an important impact on the hydrological processes and ecological environment. Whether such forest restoration construction is conducive to achieving land degradation neutrality as well as improving water conservation capacity has become a hot research topic. The Yiluo River basin (YLRB), one of the most important water conservation areas in the YRB, was selected as the study area. Firstly, the transfer matrix was used to analyze the changes in the two land use maps in 1990 and 2015 and to determine the transformation relationship between different land use types. Furthermore, land degradation was also investigated for further exploration of the correlation between land degradation neutrality and water conservation. The effects of land use and cover changes (LUCC) on the water conservation capacity across the YLRB were investigated by combining the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, water conservation assessment method and land use change scenarios method. The results showed that the land degradation area was mainly located in the residential area and agricultural land in the downstream of the YLRB, and the execution of the Grain for Green Project is beneficial in promoting land degradation neutrality and increasing the water conservation capacity. The water conservation capacity across the YLRB approximately increased by 19.30 mm yr−1 as every 10% of agricultural land converted to forest, showing a greater increase in the upstream than that in the downstream. Rainfall, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and temperature were the primary factors affecting water conservation in the YLRB, while geological lithology also affects the spatial distribution of water conservation. The findings of this study could provide a theoretical basis for water resources and ecological environment protection.
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