A 12-year-old, castrated male Ilama (Lama glama) presented with a 12-cm diameter cranial mass. Computed tomography and postmortem examination revealed that the mass invaded the calvarium and ...compressed the rostral part of the brain. Light microscopic examination confirmed a fungal granuloma.Original Abstract: Un lama maale, castre, aage de 12 ans, a ete presente avec une masse craaaniale de 12 cm de diametre. La tomodensitometrie et l'examen post mortem ont revele que la masse avait envahi la calotte craanienne et comprimait la partie rostrale du cerveau. L'examen a la microscopie optique a confirme qu'il s'agissait d'un granulome fongique.
Electrophilic trisubstituted ethylene monomers, ring-substituted N-(aminocarbonyl)-2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenamides, RC
6
H
4
CH C(CN)CONHCONH
2
(where R = H, 2-CH
3
,
3-CH
3
, 4-CH
3
, 2-OCH
3
, ...3-OCH
3
, 4-OCH
3
, 4-Br, 2-Cl, 3-Cl and 4-Cl), were synthesized by the piperidine-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted
benzaldehydes and cyanoacetylurea, and characterized by CHN elemental analysis, IR, and
1
H- and
13
C-NMR. All the propenamides were copolymerized with styrene (M
1
) in solution
with radical initiation (AIBN) at 70 °C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis and the structures were analyzed by IR and
1
H- and
13
C-NMR. The
order of relative reactivity (1/r
1
) for the monomers is 4-Br (0.27) > H (0.20) > 2-Cl (0.16) > 3-Cl (0.12) > 3-OCH
3
(0.11) > 3-CH
3
(0.10) > 4-Cl
(0.08) > 2-CH
3
(0.06) > 4-OCH
3
(0.05) > 4-CH
3
(0.04) > 2-OCH
3
(0.04). The elevated glass transition temperatures of the copolymers in comparison with
that of polystyrene indicate a decrease in the chain mobility of the copolymers due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit. The gravimetric analysis indicated that the
copolymers decompose in the 200-400 °C range.
The T cell and NK cell adhesion molecule CD2 interacts with different ligands, viz, CD58, CD48, and CD59. Using a fluorescent multimeric construct of rCD2, we previously identified an additional CD2 ...ligand (CD2L) on the erythroleukemic cell line K562. CD2L bound to a different region of CD2 than known ligands and was N-glycosylation dependent. In this study we show that mAbs specific for the carbohydrate Ag Lewis x (CD15, Gal-beta 1-4 GlcNAc alpha 1-3Fuc) inhibit multimeric rCD2 binding to CD2L. CD2L is restricted in expression to myeloid cells, where it is co-expressed with CD58 on monocytes and is the dominant, if not sole, CD2 ligand on neutrophils. Sugar specificity studies show that CD2L is not CD15. Thus, whereas soluble Lewis x inhibits binding of CD15 mAb to K562 and neutrophils, binding of multimeric rCD2 is unaffected. Furthermore, multimeric rCD2 binding to K562 is inhibited by L-fucose and following treatment of K562 with an alpha 1-6 fucosidase, whereas these treatments do not inhibit the binding of CD15 mAb. Thus, it is likely that CD2L is a carbohydrate structure closely associated with, yet distinct from, CD15, which can be sterically blocked by CD15 mAb. Functional studies revealed that CD2L is probably an important CD2 ligand in the non-MHC-restricted NK cell killing of K562 target cells, since this activity was strongly inhibited by CD15 mAb. Collectively, this study indicates that a CD15 (Lewis x)-associated carbohydrate structure(s), which has previously been shown to be a selectin ligand, also may function as an important CD2 ligand on myeloid cells.
The acetamidase of Mycobacterium smegmatis is an inducible enzyme which enables the organism to utilise several amides as sole carbon sources. The acetamidase structural gene (amiE) is located ...downstream of four other genes, of which three form a probable operon with amiE; the fourth (amiC) is divergently transcribed. We constructed deletion mutants in two of these genes in order to determine their role in acetamidase expression. Both AmiC and AmiD were shown to be positive regulators of acetamidase expression required for induction. Combinations of regulatory gene deletions were made which revealed that AmiC interacts with the previously characterised negative regulator AmiA, whereas AmiD does not.
The effect of afterload on mitral leaflet shape Parish, Landi M.; Sakamoto, Hiroaki; Jackson, Benjamin M. ...
Journal of the American College of Surgeons,
09/2005, Letnik:
201, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Cell–cell interactions involve highly polyvalent associations between receptors on adjacent cells. In order to mimic this process, we have prepared a highly polyvalent form of CD40 attached to a ...dextran backbone. This was accomplished by engineering a hexahistidine tag on the C-terminus of the CD40 and binding, in a uniform orientation, up to 100 molecules of hexahistidine CD40 by metal chelation to a single fluorescently tagged dextran molecule. The advantage of this `multimeric' CD40 is that it would be expected to bind to any counterstructure with a significantly higher avidity compared to monomeric CD40. The multimeric CD40 bound with high affinity to stably transfected mouse fibroblasts expressing CD40L. The multimeric ligand also bound to the activated T cell clone, D10, but did not bind to resting cells, showing that it bound to the physiological ligand. Using this system, we found no evidence to support the claim Heath et al., 1993. Cell. Immunol. 152, 468. that the A20 cells have a counterstructure for CD40, and propose that the high binding of CD40 observed in this study may have been due to an exposed hexahistidine tag on the molecule. This multimeric technology has considerable potential for detecting low-affinity interactions between cell adhesion receptors and ligands. The uniform orientation of the molecules on the dextran is an advantage over previous systems and permits the preparation of heterogeneous, multimeric ligands which more closely mimic the conditions at the cell surface.
The effect of peat and vermicompost cavitation products on the soil biological activity Steinberga, V., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Soil and Plant Sciences; Dubova, L., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Soil and Plant Sciences; Alsina, I., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Soil and Plant Sciences ...
Raksti,
(Dec 2014), 2014-12-1, Letnik:
32, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Commercial products with humic substances have often been recommended for plant growth stimulation and yield improvement. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of two products, containing ...cavited peat and vermicompost respectively on the soil biological activity. Vegetation experiments with garden cress and cucumbers were arranged in pots with a peat substratum in the greenhouses of the Latvia University of Agriculture. The plants were treated with the preparations once a month. The first treatment was done at sowing. Dose of 20, 2, 0.2 mL per square m during each treatment time were used. A control variant was without peat or vermicompost preparation. Field experiments with onions were carried out in the organic farming experimental field of the Latvia State Institute of Cereal Breeding. Plant growth and soil (substratum) biological activity (respiration and enzymatic activity) were tested. Plant growth and response to the different preparations depended on the plant species and its development stage. The effect of preparations decreases during plant development. The impact of peat or vermicompost preparation on soil biological activity depended not only on the concentration of preparation, but was influenced by the soil or growth media type. The decrease of onion yield in field conditions as a result of preparations was observed.
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