Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an attention-grabbing sensor type, which offers the sensitive and selective detection of biomolecules and environmentally toxic substances. Notably, the SPR sensor ...gives excellent rewards including real-time, in-situ, and label-free measuring capability as compared to existing sensing technologies. As a result, these noteworthy merits of the SPR sensor make it straightforward to investigate the molecular events and chemical/gas molecule interaction. Unfortunately, there are different binding events including smaller molecular mass substances, which cannot be detected at the SPR sensor. Accordingly, this downside of the SPR sensor eventually led to the design and implementation of new approaches for sensitivity and selectivity improvement for sensing applications in different fields. Recently, the black phosphorus (BP) derived 2 D nanomaterial is stand out as a distinctive nanostructure in comparison to recently reported other 2 D nanomaterials. Substantial and functional characteristics of BP including simplicity of operation, optical properties, high carrier mobility, stronger immobilization of receptors and biomolecules, electronic bridging playing important role in the highly selective and sensitive assessment of analyte. The designed BP nanostructures are mostly serving to accelerate the plasmon material signals followed by improved molecular sensing that may due to 40-times faster-sensing responses of BP nanostructure than reported 2 D nanomaterials. Therefore, the present review article sheds light on the latest significant advances in biological and toxic gas detection through 2D BP nanostructures based SPR sensors. In the future, this review will facilitate detailed insights into the development of BP-based groundbreaking frameworks for highly sensitive and selective recognition of biomolecules and environmental pollutants.
In order to improve the corporate sustainability of agro-food value chains, business organizations need to rely on a higher performing and more reliable logistics system. Particularly, in case of ...dairy industry, organizations are facing some important challenges containing people management, short shelf life, high food losses and wastage, high greenhouse gas emissions. Based on “Confederation of Indian industry - Dairy Vision 2025”, it is believed that the dairy sector in India has high potential if organizations can develop an effective logistics and supply chain system. This article attempts to analyze the interaction between distribution related challenges with a focus operational excellence and higher corporate green growth and sustainability viewpoints in food supply chains by considering the business example of four Indian dairy product based organizations using graph theory and matrix approach. Several key challenges were identified based on a literature survey and experts’ views. Graph theory and matrix approach has been applied to select the most significant challenge. The results show that food organizations must work on cold chain to manage logistics and distribution challenges to reduce wastage, decrease financial losses and to take environmental issues into account. This paper ranks the challenges as well as develop an index for the dairy industry to achieve corporate sustainability in its supply chain and logistics network. The present study findings will provide useful knowledge for managers and policy makers managing interaction between people and process aspects and corporate sustainability management in the agro-based diary organizational logistics and supply chains. This is one of the unique studies in food supply chain that helps in improving the logistics and supply performance in diary industries of emerging economies.
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When challenges impede the process Sharma, Yogesh Kumar; Mangla, Sachin Kumar; Patil, Pravin P. ...
Management decision,
04/2019, Letnik:
57, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose
The food organisations are pushing to adopt circular economy initiatives to enhance economic–ecological–social sustainability of supply chains. The adoption of circular economy and ...sustainability aspects is complex from the point of view of developing nations compared to the developed nations. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to develop a model of the challenges for implementing the successful circular economy-led sustainability concepts in food supply chains in emerging economies, especially in the Indian context.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors recognised 11 circular economy-led sustainability-related challenges and analysed appropriate interactions among the identified challenges. The Delphi method was used for the confirmation of identified challenges. The challenges were identified initially with the help of literature. Interpretive structural modelling method was used for modelling the challenges. In addition, MICMAC analysis was used for classifying the challenges based on their dependence and driving power. A case study of diary food processing company in India was conducted.
Findings
According to the findings, poor government policies, lack of technology and techniques and lack of farmers’ knowledge and awareness come under the driving challenges.
Practical implications
Understanding of circular economy-led sustainability-related challenges would help managers and policy makers in the sustainable management of natural resources in food value chains.
Originality/value
This is one of the initial works conducted on identifying and evaluating the challenges to circular economy-based sustainability aspects in food value chains.
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) offers exceptional advantages such as label-free, in-situ and real-time measurement ability that facilitates the study of molecular or chemical binding events. ...Besides, SPR lacks in the detection of various binding events, particularly involving low molecular weight molecules. This drawback ultimately resulted in the development of several sensitivity enhancement methodologies and their application in the various area. Among graphene materials, graphene-based nanocomposites stands out owing to its significant properties such as strong adsorption of molecules, signal amplification by optical, high carrier mobility, electronic bridging, ease of fabrication and therefore, have established as an important sensitivity enhancement substrate for SPR. Also, graphene-based nanocomposites could amplify the signal generated by plasmon material and increase the sensitivity of molecular detection up to femto to atto molar level. This review focuses on the current important developments made in the potential research avenue of SPR and fiber optics based SPR for chemical and biological sensing. Latest trends and challenges in engineering and applications of graphene-based nanocomposites enhanced sensors for detecting minute and low concentration biological and chemical analytes are reviewed comprehensively. This review may aid in futuristic designing approaches and application of grapheneous sensor platforms for sensitive plasmonic nano-sensors.
Graphene nanocomposites based sensitivity enhancement methodologies for chemical and biological sensing. (a) oxidant and reducing gases sensing by oxygen atom of GO with surface reaction mechanism. (b) Protein binding interaction directly on GNC (grapheneous nanocomposites) surface. (c) Antigen: antibody (Ag:Ab) reaction of directly immobilized Ag:Ab on to GNC. (d) pi-pi stacking for planer structure. (e) Hydrogen or electrostatics attraction based binding (f) direct sensing of molecules (shown here for ammonia gas). Display omitted
•Presents graphene nanocomposite based SPR sensors.•Recent progresses in SPR signal enhancement by graphene nanocomposites has been overviewed.•Graphene nanocomposites based sensitivity enhancement methodologies for chemical and biological sensing is reviewed.•In this review, we discussed future trends and perspectives to lay down the future SPR based plasmonic nano-sensors.
In this investigation, the geochemical progression of a total of 31 groundwater samples of pre-monsoon season was assessed with categorization based on entropy weight water quality index and risk ...assessment on public health in the semi-arid area of Godavari basin, Maharashtra, Central India. Graphically, the major groundwater types identified were Ca–HCO
3
, mixed Ca–Mg–Cl, and mixed Ca–Na–HCO
3
. Based on Mg
2+
/Na
+
with Ca
2+
/Na
+
and HCO
3
−
/Na
+
with Ca
2+
/Na
+
plots, carbonate and silicate weathering were identified as a major geochemical process governing groundwater chemistry. The presence of reverse ion exchange process was authenticated by (Ca
2+
+ Mg
2+
) vs. (HCO
3
−
+ SO
4
2−
) and Na
+
+ K
+
–Cl
−
vs. (Ca
2+
+ Mg
2+
)–(HCO
3
−
+ SO
4
2−
) plots. The saturation index values for calcite and dolomite showed that these minerals were in dissolution state. The dissolution of gypsum, dolomite, and anhydrite increased Ca
2+
load in groundwater which accelerated the precipitation of calcite. The high toxic level of NO
3
−
(> 45 mg/L) was identified in 64.5% of the 31 groundwater samples, whereas F
−
concentration exceeded the threshold value in 12.9% of samples. Based on the entropy weight water quality index values, 70% of the samples were found to have moderate quality for drinking. In addition, health risk evaluation showed that the total hazard, due to fluoride and nitrate through oral pathways, was much higher than that through the dermal pathway. Children were found to be at high risk due to the consumption of NO
3
−
and F
−
contaminated water. The calculated irrigation water quality index (IWQI) diverge from 7.4–89.2, expressing excellent to good quality for irrigation. Based on the irrigation water quality index, 90.3% of samples were found excellent for irrigation and 6.4% of good quality for irrigation. Authors recommend that continuous water quality monitoring programs along with effective management practices should be developed to avoid excessive extraction of groundwater.
The natural stilbenoids combretastatin A-4 (CA4) and combretastatin A-1 (CA1) are potent antitubulin agents demonstrating antimitotic activity as well as tumor vascular disruption property. Due to ...structural simplicity and potent cytotoxicity of CA4 and CA1, they are considered as promising leads for the development of potent anticancer agents. In fact, scientific fraternity is motivated to synthesize several derivatives of CA4 and CA1 as novel therapeutic agents. In the literature, several studies have been carried out to evaluate the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of a variety of modified combretastatin derivatives. The present report aimed at comprehensively revising the recent advancements (2006-2014) in the medicinal chemistry and SAR of diversified combretastatin analogues. The published data concerning new combretastatin A-4 analogues as antimitotic anticancer agents are presented and SAR is reviewed and discussed.
In this research, the role of prickly pear short fiber and red onion peel wrinkled biocarbon nanosheets toughened epoxy resin composite was investigated. The main aim of this research was to find the ...effectiveness of adding biocarbon along with prickly pear fiber in the load‐bearing, thermal and electrical conductivity behavior of the epoxy resin composite. The biocarbon nanosheets were prepared for this present investigation from red onion peel waste using the pyrolysis process. The composites were characterized by American society of testing and materials (ASTM) standards and compared with previous results. The highest tensile strength and flexural strength were observed for 3 vol.% of biocarbon nanosheets up to 60% and 40% respectively than pure epoxy. Izod impact toughness and hardness values also increased with the inclusion of reinforcements by 5 vol.% around 93% and 90% correspondingly. Similarly, relative permittivity and dielectric loss enhanced about to 6.4 and 0.74 for 5 vol.% of biocarbon nanosheets. The thermal conductivity also improved with the addition of biocarbon nanosheets and maximum values up to 0.42 W/mK. This enhanced dielectric, mechanical, and thermally active composites might be employed as a microwave shielding material in electronic devices, automotive, and industrial applications for communications equipment that require shielding material with good mechanical properties.
Prickly pear fiber extraction
In this paper, a novel poly-l-lysine (PLL) surface functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) based sensor was developed for detection of cysteine (cys) and homo cysteine (hcys). A fluorescent probe ...(PLL-GQDs) was then fabricated by surface functionalizing GQDs with PLL, a biodegradable polycationic electrolyte to improve the sensitivity and selectivity towards cys and hcys. The detection was based on the specific binding of cys and hcys to PLL at the PLL-GQDs surfaces, which enabled dynamic quenching via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. This fluorescent probe provided good linearity for the tested biothiols, ranging from 0 to 150 nM for cys, from 0 to 100 nM for hcys, with limit of detections (LODs) of 2.38 and 1.94 nM, respectively in BPS (pH 7.4). Interestingly, fabricated probe was also able to display a significant selectivity towards cys and hcys against known interfering molecules. The cytotoxicity study confirmed the biocompatibility of PLL-GQDs, enabling its future scope for cell adhesion and other biomedical applications. Besides, confocal study revealed the excellent penetrations of PLL-GQDs into cell cytoplasm and nucleus that validate the practical application of developed probe to detect cys and hcys at cellular level. The method was successfully applied for detection of cys and hcys in human serum sample. We expect the design concept presented here would be broadly used for selective and sensitive estimation of cys and hcys.
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•Waste material (pistachio shells) used for synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs).•Novel poly-l-lysine (PLL) surface functionalized GQDs (PLL-GQDs) based sensor was developed.•The fabricated probe (PLL-GQDs) exhibited low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility.•The probe demonstrated highly sensitive and selective detection of cysteine (cys) and homocysteine (hcys) in real samples.
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme inhibition is a crucial target for the management of depression and Alzheimer disease and inhibitors of MAO are the most important drugs for their management. Coumarins ...are a large family of compounds, of natural and synthetic origin, that exhibit a variety of pharmacological activities, including MAO inhibition. The current review highlights the design and synthetic methods of coumarin derivatives as well as coumarins obtained from plant source as MAO inhibitors for treatment of depression and Alzheimer disease with salient finding related to structure–activity relationship. The aim of present review is to find out natural as well as synthetic coumarins as MAO inhibitors.
Effective building energy management systems need a reliable approach to estimating future energy needs using renewable energy sources. However, nonlinear and nonstationary trends in building energy ...use data make prediction more challenging for integrating the photovoltaic system. To estimate future energy forecast, this work presents a hybrid approach based on random forest (RF) and long short-term memory (LSTM) using complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN). Initial steps in our suggested procedure include utilizing CEEMDAN to translate the raw energy usage data into multiple components. Then, the component with the most significant frequency is predicted using RF, and the other components are forecasted using hybrid LSTM. Finally, all of the individual parts’ predictions are combined to form a whole. Real-world output energy usage data has been predicted to test the suggested strategy. Results from the experiments show that the suggested strategy outperforms the reference methods.
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