Isospin-violating contributions to Cirigliano, V.; Gisbert, H.; Pich, A. ...
The journal of high energy physics,
02/2020, Letnik:
2020, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
The known isospin-breaking contributions to the
K → ππ
amplitudes are reanalyzed, taking into account our current understanding of the quark masses and the relevant non-perturbative inputs. ...We present a complete numerical reappraisal of the direct CP-violating ratio ∈
′
/∈, where these corrections play a quite significant role. We obtain the Standard Model prediction Re (∈
′
/∈) = (14
±
5)
·
10
−
4
, which is in very good agreement with the measured ratio. The uncertainty, which has been estimated conservatively, is dominated by our current ignorance about 1
/N
C
-suppressed contributions to some relevant chiral-perturbation-theory low-energy constants.
A
bstract
Hadronic matrix elements of local four-quark operators play a central role in non-leptonic kaon decays, while vacuum matrix elements involving the same kind of operators appear in inclusive ...dispersion relations, such as those relevant in
τ
-decay analyses. Using an SU(3)
L
⊗ SU(3)
R
decomposition of the operators, we derive generic relations between these matrix elements, extending well-known results that link observables in the two different sectors. Two relevant phenomenological applications are presented. First, we determine the electroweak-penguin contribution to the kaon CP-violating ratio
ε
′
/ε
, using the measured hadronic spectral functions in
τ
decay. Second, we fit our SU(3) dynamical parameters to the most recent lattice data on
K
→
ππ
matrix elements. The comparison of this numerical fit with results from previous analytical approaches provides an interesting anatomy of the ∆
I
=
1
2
enhancement, confirming old suggestions about its underlying dynamical origin.
A
bstract
Three different approaches to precisely describe the Adler function in the Euclidean regime at around 2 GeVs are available: dispersion relations based on the hadronic production data in
e
+
...e
−
annihilation, lattice simulations and perturbative QCD (pQCD). We make a comprehensive study of the perturbative approach, supplemented with the leading power corrections in the operator product expansion. All known contributions are included, with a careful assessment of uncertainties. The pQCD predictions are compared with the Adler functions extracted from
Δ
α
QED
had
(
Q
2
), using both the DHMZ compilation of
e
+
e
−
data and published lattice results. Taking as input the FLAG value of
α
s
, the pQCD Adler function turns out to be in good agreement with the lattice data, while the dispersive results lie systematically below them. Finally, we explore the sensitivity to
α
s
of the direct comparison between the data-driven, lattice and QCD Euclidean Adler functions. The precision with which the renormalisation group equation can be tested is also evaluated.
There is substantial evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) through direct cell transplantation or paracrine action. However, DPSC ...secretome profile remains inadequately studied. This study provides proteomic profiling of the human DPSC secretome by comparatively analysising cell lysates and respective culture supernatants (i.e. conditioned media-CM) under variable oxygen tension conditions (normoxia-20% O
/CM_Norm vs. hypoxia 2% O
/CM_Hyp) and/or stimulation with Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). DPSC-CM samples and respective crude lysates (DPSC-CL) were collected and subjected to SDS-PAGE, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. The identified proteins were analyzed by Gene Ontology, Reactome, and String databases. The anti-inflammatory properties of DPSC-CMs were validated via an in vitro RAW_246.7 murine macrophages model through evaluation of the expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers by real-time PCR. Results showed a total of 2413 proteins identified in CM_Norm, 2479 in CM_Norm+TNF-α, 1642 in CM_Hyp, and 2002 in CM_Hyp + TNF-α samples. CM_Norm contained 122 proteins statistically significantly upregulated compared to the CM_Hyp and involved in pathways related to "ECM organization", "cellular response to hypoxia", and "IL signaling". Functional network analysis showed that TGFβ1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 were key nodes among proteins significantly upregulated in the CM_Norm compared to the CM_Hyp, interacting with more than 10 proteins, each. DPSC-CM application in the in vitro RAW_246.7 model decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, MCP-1), while increasing anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10). Overall, DPSC-CM collected under normoxic conditions is enriched with anti-inflammatory, tissue repair and regenerative factors, which prompts further investigation on its therapeutic applications.
We highlight the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment. We discuss how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of ...physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We also discuss how success in describing the strong interaction impacts other fields, and, in turn, how such subjects can impact studies of the strong interaction. In the course of the work we offer a perspective on the many research streams which flow into and out of QCD, as well as a vision for future developments.
pH-responsive supramacromolecular microgels were synthesized via droplet-based microfluidics with controlled size and shape in reproducible manner. All synthesized microgels show pH-induced ...degradability independent on their shape. On-chip encapsulation of colloidal particles in the supramacromoelcular microgels and their pH-triggered release show a potential for application to deliever cargo molecules and release at targeting location.
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This study presents a versatile method to synthesize stimuli-responsive microgels with supramolecular cross-links exhibiting tunable size and shape via droplet-based microfluidics. The natural polyphenol tannic acid (TA) is used to cross-link poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) chains in aqueous droplets by the formation of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions between the phenolic groups of TA and the carbonyl group and the hydrophobic segments of lactam ring of PVCL chains. The obtained microgels exhibit diameters in the range of 130–150µm in swollen state in aqueous solution. Synthesized microgels exhibit pH-responsive behavior: at low pH microgels deswell and shrink due to the protonation of phenolic groups and enhanced hydrophobic interactions; at high pH microgels swell and disintegrate due to the deprotonation of phenolic groups and destruction of hydrogen bonds with PVCL chains. Additionally, we present supramacromolecular microgels in cylindrical shape with different aspect ratios using a new design of microfluidic chip by varying flow rates at high concentration of the prepolymerized precursor combined with rapid pH-triggered on-chip gelation. Furthermore, developed synthesis methodology allows on-chip encapsulation of colloidal objects into large supramacromolecular microgels during the cross-linking step. The complete and fast release of objects by pH-triggered degradation indicates that the pH-responsive supramacromolecular microgels can be used for controlled loading/release of various payloads, like probiotics. Moreover, cell studies of L929 fibroblast clearly show the biocompatibility of the microgels.
Workshop summary: Kaons@CERN 2023 Anzivino, G.; Cuendis, Sergio Arguedas; Bernard, V. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
04/2024, Letnik:
84, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Kaon physics is at a turning point – while the rare-kaon experiments NA62 and KOTO are in full swing, the end of their lifetime is approaching and the future experimental landscape needs to be ...defined. With HIKE, KOTO-II and LHCb-Phase-II on the table and under scrutiny, it is a very good moment in time to take stock and contemplate about the opportunities these experiments and theoretical developments provide for particle physics in the coming decade and beyond. This paper provides a compact summary of talks and discussions from the Kaons@CERN 2023 workshop, held in September 2023 at CERN.
A
bstract
Using a general effective Lagrangian implementing the chiral symmetry breaking SU(2)
L
⊗ SU(2)
R
→ SU(2)
L+R
, we present a one-loop calculation of the oblique
S
and
T
parameters within ...electroweak strongly-coupled models with a light scalar. Imposing a proper ultraviolet behaviour, we determine
S
and
T
at next-to-leading order in terms of a few resonance parameters. The constraints from the global fit to electroweak precision data force the massive vector and axial-vector states to be heavy, with masses above the TeV scale, and suggest that the
W
+
W
−
and
ZZ
couplings of the Higgs-like scalar should be close to the Standard Model value. Our findings are generic, since they only rely on soft requirements on the short-distance properties of the underlying strongly-coupled theory, which are widely satisfied in more specific scenarios.
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