Background
Recent evidence has indicated an increased risk of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) in the long term after sleeve gastrectomy (SG).
Aim
The aim of the study is to investigate the spectrum of ...gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms as well as the prevalence of BE, at minimum 5 years after SG in patients who underwent SG in different bariatric centers of two countries: France and Italy.
Patients and Methods
Five high volume outpatient centers dedicated to bariatric surgery that routinely perform upper GI endoscopy before any bariatric procedures were invited to participate in the study. From January 2017 to June 2018, each center during scheduled postoperative evaluation after surgery asked a minimum 10 consecutive patients, which had performed SG at least 5 years before and with no evidence of BE preoperatively, to undergo another upper GI endoscopy.
Results
Ninety (66 F) consecutive patients were enrolled. The mean follow-up was 78 ± 15 months, and the mean total body weight loss was 25 ± 12%. The prevalence of BE was 18.8% with no significant difference among centers. Weight loss failure was significantly associated with BE (
p
< 0.01). The prevalence of GERD symptoms, erosive esophagitis, and the usage of PPIs increased from 22%, 10%, and 22% before the SG to 76%, 41%, and 52% at the time of follow-up, respectively (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusions
This multicenter study show a high rate of BE at least 5 years after SG. Weight loss failure was significantly associated with BE. We suggest to provide systematic endoscopy in these patients to rule out this condition.
A comparative study of three ventilation systems supplying air to a typical Canadian indoor ice rink illustrates the power, energy and operating cost savings which can be achieved by using the ...relatively warm air from the air cooled condensers of the refrigeration system. The direct use of this warm air for ventilation results in a reduction of energy consumption during the winter amounting to 24.2% of the yearly consumption of the heating system. On the other hand, the use of a heat exchanger to heat the ventilation air results in energy consumption reductions throughout the year. Depending on the size of the heat exchanger these gains can be as high as 60.8% of the heating energy consumption by the existing system. Based on actual prices of electricity and the heat exchanger it is established that the cost savings over the life of the equipment are at least three times higher than the cost of the heat exchanger.
The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a useful tool for clinicians and researchers to estimate gait performance and fatigue affecting functional mobility. A modified 6MWT administered on a treadmill (TM) can ...be an efficient, space-saving alternative to perform the 6MWT. The aim of this study was to investigate if a 6MWT on a self-paced (SP) TM produced similar results compared to an overground (OG) 6MWT among healthy participants with the hypothesis that users would demonstrate similar gait parameters. The second aim was to assess the reliability of SP TM sessions with the hypothesis that gait parameters would be reliable. Twelve healthy young adults performed one OG 6MWT and two SP TM 6MWTs, with the TM tests performed on two different testing days. The OG 6MWTs were conducted along a 20 m corridor with a portable optometric system. The SP TM 6MWTs were performed using a dual-belt instrumented TM with speed controlled by feedback from a LIDAR sensor. In the OG condition, participants walked 664.8 m ± 48.9 m when the standard method was used to calculate distance and 721.3 m ± 56.2 m with an average-speed-based estimation of distance, which corrects for U-turns. For the SP TM 6MWT, they covered 729.4 m ± 45.8 m in the first session and 727.4 m ± 56.0 m in the second session. Gait parameters showed good to excellent within- and between-day reliability on the adaptive TM. Gait parameters were similar between modalities. A significant difference in the 6MWT distance was found between modalities. This is attributable to the U-turns, because a comparison between TM 6MWT distance and the average-speed-based estimation of the distance for the OG modality showed no significant difference. However, this system produced similar spatiotemporal gait parameters among participants compared to OG.
•Participants walked a greater distance on treadmill compared with overground 6MWTs.•A low-cost LIDAR sensor was a reliable tool to self-pace a treadmill.•Similar gait parameters were found between the treadmill and overground 6MWTs.•The use of a LIDAR sensor was demonstrated for self-pacing a 6MWT on a treadmill.
Lower limb muscle strength is an important determinant of physical function in older adults. However, its measure in clinical settings is limited because of the requirement for large-scale and costly ...equipment. A new simple protocol based on sit-to-stand test (STS) is developed to measure force velocity (F-v) and power velocity (P-v) profile in the community-dwelling older adults.
The objective of this study was to assess the validity of this new methodology for measuring F-v and P-v profile compared to the gold standard isokinetic BIODEX.
46 older people aged 65–85 years (M = 73.7; SD = 7.7).
F-v and P-v profiles were assessed in participants on their dominant leg. The concurrent validity of STS was tested using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Passing Bablok: maximal power output Pmax, optimal velocity and force Vopt and Fopt, maximal force at null velocity F0, maximal unloaded velocity V0 and coefficient of F-v (SFV) and P-v equation (a_poly, b_poly).
No proportional difference for F0 and b_poly and a low significant correlation for Pmax (r = 0.314), Sfv (r = 0.229), a_poly (r = 0.335) and b_poly (r = 0.226) whereas the other parameters were non correlated significantly.
STS method is moderately reliable on force and power parameters whereas further improvements are needing for velocity parameters. However, its feasibility, portability and lower cost compared to other methods makes it very affordable in clinical context and will allow easy investigation of aging population.
•The STS method is portable, quicker and less expensive than the existed methods (isokinetic or leg press).•Isokinetic knee extension method and STS may not be used interchangeably as calculation and protocols are very different.•Force and power’s parameters were more reliable than velocities’ one as isokinetic method is based on fixed known velocities while STS is participant-dependent.•This method could be helpful to detect a muscular impairment, frailty or comorbidities in clinical evaluation.
Enjeux criminologiques contemporains confronte certaines des questions pressantes relatives aux pratiques pénales et carcérales, à la criminologie « clinique », et au contrôle du crime et ses ...conséquences. Cet ouvrage présente des théories et des méthodes à la ne pointe de la recherche, dans le but explicite de contribuer au développement de politiques qui promeuvent la sécurité et l’inclusion sociale. Les approches et théories critiques explorées dans cet ouvrage servent de contrepoint aux approches d’ordre administratif ou managérial et aux politiques et pratiques étatiques punitives, fondées sur l’exclusion. Décliné en deux volumes – l’un en français et l’autre en anglais –, ce live rassemble autant des experts éminents que des chercheurs émergents qui, ensemble, o rent une importante contribution à l’avancement de la recherche et des politiques publiques. Ce livre est publié en français.
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is exceptional after the neonatal period. A toddler with encephalopathy, mitochondrial myopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy developed fatal NEC and ...multiple organ dysfunction within 48 hours of the introduction of enteral feeding. She was subsequently found to have pathogenic mutations in
FBXL4
, a cause of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome-13. Intestinal dysmotility in the context of deficient mitochondrial respiration may have contributed to the development of NEC. Current paradigms call for early introduction of enteral nutrition to reinstate energy homeostasis. Enteral feeding should be administered with caution during metabolic crises of patients with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes.
"Cet ouvrage, qui aborde les principaux enjeux criminologiques contemporains, a pour ambition de dépasser les recherches conventionnelles qui tendent à reproduire les modèles d'insécurité et ...d'exclusion. Déclinée en deux versions, anglaise et française, cette publication fait l'inventaire des recherches interdisciplinaires et criminologiques critiques actuelles qui proposent des solutions novatrices visant, d'une part, à refléter une conceptualisation robuste des enjeux et, d'autre part, à répondre efficacement aux défis posés par les activités criminalisées et les préjudices sociaux qui en résultent. La diversité des méthodologies exposées dans cet ouvrage est représentative de la plupart des recherches criminologiques critiques entreprises de nos jours, et ce, en dépit du développement des approches criminologiques de type administratif ou managérial et de l'essor des politiques et des pratiques étatiques explicitement punitives et fondées sur l'exclusion face à des comportements jugés criminels ou susceptibles de porter atteinte à la sécurité. Cet ouvrage propose des théories et des méthodes de pointe pour répondre à ces enjeux tout en proposant des réponses politiques appropriées, qui promeuvent à la fois l'inclusion sociale et la sécurité. Cet ouvrage est le produit d'une fructueuse collaboration entre des chercheurs en criminologie de l'Université d'Ottawa et des chercheurs exerçant dans d'autres disciplines ou dans d'autres universités, et ce, afin de souligner le rayonnement international du département de criminologie de l'Université d'Ottawa et le vaste réseau de spécialistes et d'experts au sein duquel il intervient."--
The present study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to investigate the use of the fractal dimension (FD) to quantify the growth and development of undisturbed, fully functional arbuscular ...mycorrhizal (AM) hyphae developing in vitro. The majority of the work focused on the model AM fungus
Glomus intraradices
DAOM 181602. The time course study and final measurements of an intact mature extraradical mycelium allowed us to compare the development of the mycelium and the FD value. The final FD value of 1.62 for the mature mycelium is similar to that obtained for highly branched root systems and tree crowns. The FD method was used to characterize the morphology of germinative and presymbiotic hyphae in the presence of stimulatory (strigolactone GR-24, 0.1 µmol·L
-1
and bisphenol A, 10 µmol·L
-1
) and inhibitory (NaCl, 80 mmol·L
-1
) molecules, and the extraradical phase in the presence of an inhibitory molecule (NaCl, 80 mmol·L
-1
). Where possible, results were compared with those obtained using the traditional grid-line (GL) technique. The FD approach allowed treatment effects to be accurately quantified, both in germinative and extraradical phases. In the second case, this technique provided a single quantitative value of extraradical hyphal growth that included runner hyphae (RH) networks, and fine-branching (FB) ramifications. This is in contrast to the GL technique, which provides a value for the estimation of RH, but which is not suitable for accurately measuring FB hyphae. Given the ease with which the FD values can be calculated, and the fact that this method can provide a single value for the quantification of extraradical hyphal growth and development, we suggest that this method is useful for in vitro studies. Furthermore under certain situations of germinative or presymbiotic growth, it may be used in concert with the GL method to provide a greater degree of information about hyphal morphology. The usefulness and limits of the FD method at different stages of the AM fungal growth cycle are discussed.
The RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) is believed to play a role in sepsis by perpetuating inflammation. The interaction of RAGE with a variety of host-derived ligands that ...accumulate during stress and inflammation further induces the expression of RAGE. It was previously shown that a rat anti-RAGE monoclonal antibody protected mice from lethality in a cecal ligation and puncture model. We studied the effects of a humanized anti-RAGE monoclonal antibody in the murine pneumococcal pneumonia model of sepsis. Moreover, a gene expression analysis was performed in lung tissue of animals that underwent cecal ligation and puncture and treated with the rat anti-RAGE monoclonal antibody, compared with controls. Administration of humanized anti-RAGE mAb 6 h after intratracheal infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae improved mortality in BALB/c mice whether a 7.5 mg/kg (P < 0.01) or a 15 mg/kg dose (P < 0.01) was administered in combination with antibiotics. Gene expression analysis showed that many of the genes modulated by treatment with the anti-RAGE antibody were those that play an important role in regulating inflammation. Anti-RAGE monoclonal antibody offered a survival advantage to septic mice. This protective role in treated animals is supported by the observed gene expression profile changes of genes involved in sepsis and inflammation.
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