A sensitive method coupling high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detector (DAD) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) was optimized for the separation and ...identification of phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides and flavonoid aglycones in the extract of burr parsley (Caucalis platycarpos L.). Fragmentation behavior of flavonoid glycosides and phenolic acids were investigated using ion trap mass spectrometry in negative electrospray ionization. The MS, MS(n) and UV data together with HPLC retention time (T(R)) of phenolic acids and flavonoids allowed structural characterization of these compounds. Caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) isomers, p-coumaroyl-quinic acids (p-CoQA), feruloylquinic acids (FQA), dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQA), luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, apigenin-7-O-rutinoside as well as isolated chrysoeriol-7-O-rutinoside have been identified as constituents of C. platycarpos for the first time. An accurate, precise and sensitive LC-DAD method for quantification of four phenolic acids (3-O-caffeoylquinic, caffeic, p-coumaric, o-coumaric acid), four flavonoid glycosides (luteolin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside), and three flavonoid aglycones (luteolin, apigenin, chrysoeriol) in C. platycarpos extract was validated in terms of linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision and accuracy. 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid was the predominant phenolic acid and luteolin-7-O-glucoside was the predominant flavonoid glycoside.
Since C. platycarpos contains a wide variety of antioxidants, in the present study total flavonoid and phenolic acid content as well as antioxidative activity of various C. platycarpos extracts were ...investigated. The results obtained show a significant polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of the investigated plant. Moreover, a positive correlation between antioxidant activity and content of flavonoids and phenolic acids was found, indicating the responsibility of these compounds for the antioxidant effectiveness of C. platycarpos extracts and making C. platycarpos a good potential source of natural antioxidants.
To present the activities of the Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices in the first 5 years of its existence and to define its future challenges.
Main activities within the scope of the ...Agency as a regulatory authority were retrospectively analyzed for the period from 2004-2008. Data were collected from the Agency's database and analyzed by descriptive statistics.
The number of issued medicine authorizations rose from 240 in 2004 to 580 in 2008. The greatest number of new chemical and biological entities was approved in 2005. The greatest number of regular quality controls (n=5833) and special quality controls was performed in 2008 (n=589), while the greatest number of off-shelf quality controls (n=132) was performed in 2007. The greatest number of medicine labeling irregularities was found in 2007 (n=19) and of quality irregularities in 2004 (n=9). The greatest number of adverse reactions was reported in 2008 (n=1393). The number of registered medical devices rose from 213 in 2004 to 565 in 2008.
Over its 5 years of existence, the Agency has successfully coped with the constant increase in workload. In the future, as Croatia enters the European Union, the Agency will have to face the challenge of joining the integrated European regulatory framework.
The presence of peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from gastrointestinal and gynecologic tumors is associated with a poor prognosis. Animal models of peritoneal carcinomatosis are important in the ...evaluation of new treatment modalities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of local chemoimmunotherapy and hyperthermal intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in an animal model of induced peritoneal carcinomatosis in the mouse. For induction of peritoneal carcinomatosis, cells from transplantable mammary carcinoma (MCa) were implanted intraperitoneally in CBA mice. Seven or 3 days before implantation of MCa cells (5 x 10 (3)) the mice were injected with lyophilized water extract from CAUCALIS PLATYCARPOS L. (CPL; 200 mg . kg (-1)) into the abdominal cavity. Immediately after implantation of MCa cells in the abdominal cavity, mice were treated two times with 2 mL of saline that was heated either at 37 degrees C or 43 degrees C (hyperthermal treatment) and cytostatics (doxorubicin 20 mg . kg (-1), cisplatin 10 mg . kg (-1), mitomycin 5 mg . kg (-1), 5-FU 150 mg . kg (-1)). We followed the survival of animals and the side effects appearing with different forms of treatment. CPL increased the life span of mice with peritoneal carcinomatosis without hyperthermal treatment (ILS% = 32.55 %) but showed no effect on the life span of mice with hyperthermal treatment (ILS% = 1.44). Combined treatment with CPL and cytostatics (CIS, DOX, and MIT) significantly affected the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis and increased the survival of mice (ILS% - 37 degrees C = 144.17, 415.46, and 124.13, ILS% - 43 degrees C = 311.42, 200.74, and 138.33, respectively). However, intraperitoneal chemotherapy with 5-FU alone resulted in greater survival time of mice than the treatment with 5-FU + CPL. Results suggest the synergistic effect of hyperthermia, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. CPL significantly increases the antitumor activity of the hyperthermic chemotherapy and the survival rate of mice with peritoneal carcinomatosis. The stimulative effect of CPL on immunomodulation may be a possible mechanism which protects mice from developing peritoneal carcinomatosis and reduces the side effects of chemotherapy, increasing the life span of mice.
Aim To present the activities of the Agency for Medicinal
Products and Medical Devices in the first 5 years of its existence
and to define its future challenges.
Methods Main activities within the ...scope of the Agency
as a regulatory authority were retrospectively analyzed for
the period from 2004-2008. Data were collected from the
Agency’s database and analyzed by descriptive statistics.
Results The number of issued medicine authorizations
rose from 240 in 2004 to 580 in 2008. The greatest number
of new chemical and biological entities was approved
in 2005. The greatest number of regular quality controls
(n = 5833) and special quality controls was performed in
2008 (n = 589), while the greatest number of off-shelf quality
controls (n = 132) was performed in 2007. The greatest
number of medicine labeling irregularities was found
in 2007 (n = 19) and of quality irregularities in 2004 (n = 9).
The greatest number of adverse reactions was reported in
2008 (n = 1393). The number of registered medical devices
rose from 213 in 2004 to 565 in 2008.
Conclusion Over its 5 years of existence, the Agency has
successfully coped with the constant increase in workload.
In the future, as Croatia enters the European Union, the
Agency will have to face the challenge of joining the integrated
European regulatory framework.
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