This study assessed the association between serum lipid levels and aggression in female patients with schizophrenia. The study included female patients with schizophrenia (N = 120). The participants ...were subdivided into two groups (aggressive and nonaggressive), with 60 participants in each group. Serum lipids—cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins (HDL cholesterol), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL cholesterol)—were determined. The clinical part of the study included an evaluation using psychiatric scales: the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), the aggression subscale of the PANSS scale (PANSS-AG), and the overt aggression scale (OAS). Significant differences were only observed in HDL cholesterol levels, where aggressive subjects had significantly lower values of HDL cholesterol (t = 2.540; p = 0.012), and the representation of subjects with low cholesterol values was almost three-times higher in the group of subjects with aggression (χ2 = 7.007; p = 0.008) compared to the nonaggressive group. The nominally significant predictor for HDL cholesterol in nonaggressive and aggressive participants was the total value of the PANSS scores. In subjects with aggression, suicidality was not significantly associated with HDL cholesterol levels. Our findings suggest that lower HDL cholesterol is significantly associated with aggression in women with schizophrenia.
The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia among psychiatric patients receiving antipsychotic medications was estimated to be between 30% and 70%. A review of the literature on prolactin and schizophrenia ...symptoms suggests that the correlation between them is complex and not limited to the adverse effects of antipsychotics. Relations with specific symptom dimensions have not been found consistently across studies. The association between increased prolactin and recurrent episodes of schizophrenia needs to be replicated in larger samples and in a population of female patients. The aim of this study was to find out whether elevated prolactin is related to specific symptoms or dimensions of schizophrenia, which is a heterogenic entity.
The sample consisted of 119 consecutively acute admitted women, aged 18 to 45 years with recurrent schizophrenia diagnosed on bases of DSM-5 criteria. Assessment for all the enrolled subjects comprised a psychiatric evaluation and blood draw to determine the prolactin level. Symptoms of schizophrenia were determined using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Data were analyzed by regression analysis and the Independent Samples t Test. Values are given as means ±SD.
Hyperprolactinemia was detected in 74.79% patients (n=89), whereas the group without hyperprolactinemia comprised 25.21% of the sample. When plasma prolactin levels and clinical features between groups were compared, there was a statistically significant difference in the negative subscale scores of the PANSS (p=0.0011), positive subscale scores of the PANNS (p=0.0043), general subscale scores of the PANSS (p=0.0226) and total scores of the PANNS (p=0.0003).
There were statistically significant differences in the clinical symptoms between two compared groups in total score and in the positive, negative and general subscores.
Psihijatrijski bolesnik i debljina Herceg, Miroslav; Puljić, Krešimir; Herceg, Dora
Medicus (Zagreb, Croatia : 1992),
04/2018, Letnik:
27, Številka:
1 Debljina i ...
Journal Article
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Debele osobe i osobe s prekomjernom tjelesnom težinom imaju više psihičkih poremećaja u usporedbi s osobama normalne tjelesne težine. Debljina je jedan od najčešćih tjelesnih problema u osoba ...oboljelih od teških i dugotrajnih psihičkih bolesti i poremećaja. Dok je prevalencija debljine u općoj populaciji 20 – 30%, prevalencija debljine u populaciji oboljelih od shizofrenije jest između 40 – 60%. Debljina se kod osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije povezuje s karakteristikama i značajkama same bolesti kao što su loše i nezdrave prehrambene navike, sjedilački način života, socijalno povlačenje, psihomotorna usporenost i činjenica da mnogi psihotropni lijekovi (antipsihotici, stabilizatori raspoloženja i antidepresivi) koji se rabe u liječenju ove bolesti povećavaju tjelesnu težinu. U liječenju debljine kod psihijatrijskih bolesnika mogu se primjenjivati farmakološke i nefarmakološke metode.
S obzirom na kontinuirano povećanje broja starijih osoba u ukupnoj populaciji u Hrvatskoj, za očekivati je da će se broj starijih osoba s akutnim psihičkim smetnjama koje zahtijevaju hitno ...zbrinjavanje sve više povećavati. Najčešći psihički poremećaji kod starijih osoba su: depresivni poremećaji, kognitivni poremećaji, demencija, poremećaji
vezani uz uzimanje alkohola, poremećaji vezani uz druga zdravstvena stanja i lijekovima izazvani poremećaji. Gerijatrijski bolesnici bi u pravilu prvo trebali biti pregledani od strane stručnjaka somatske medicine (internista, neurologa, kirurga) prije nego što se upućuju u hitnu psihijatrijsku službu, kako bi se ustanovilo da su primarne
smetnje iz psihijatrijske domene. Izražena depresija, suicidalnost, agitacija, sklonosti lutanju i ostalim rizičnim ponašanjima kod kuće, izražena anksioznost i smanjena sposobnost brige o sebi, glavni su razlozi hospitalizacije kod ovih bolesnika.
This study assessed the association between serum prolactin (PRL) concentration and aggression in female patients with schizophrenia.
Female patients with schizophrenia (N = 120) were diagnosed using ...SCID-5 based on the DSM-5 criteria. They were sampled at the University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce during the period from March 2017 to March 2019. Aggression was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and Overt Aggression Scale (OAS). Patients were subdivided into aggressive and non-aggressive groups. PRL was determined in serum using electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) method.
Aggressive patients with schizophrenia had significantly (p < 0.0001) increased PRL concentration compared to non-aggressive patients. Higher PRL concentration was significantly (p < 0.0001) associated with pronounced aggressive symptoms determined by the OAS scores. When patients were subdivided into those who were treated with risperidone, haloperidol, paliperidone, amisulpride, and a group that was not treated with these antipsychotics, aggressive patients in both groups had significantly higher PRL concentrations than non-aggressive patients. Higher antipsychotic dose was related to increased PRL concentration (p = 0.004).
Our findings suggest that higher PRL is significantly associated with aggression, irrespective of the antipsychotic medication, in female patients with schizophrenia.
Although still not perceived in this way, passive smoking is a public health issue of great importance. World Health Organization estimates that as a result of passive exposure to tobacco smoke each ...year 600,000 people die, of which 165,000 children. There are 33% of men, 35% of women and 40% of children who do not smoke, but are exposed to second hand smoke, and still only 11% of the world population is protected by adequate smoke-free legislation. Scientific literature provides evidence that passive exposure to tobacco smoke can result in numerous adverse health effects: asthma and allergies, respiratory infections and (middle) ear infections, cancers of various localization, accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, retardation of growth and development in children, and in pregnancy it can lead to congenital anomalies and premature birth as well as lower body weight and length of the child. Certainly, the scariest consequence of all is sudden infant death syndrome, also called "death in the crib". Smoke-free policies have proven their effectiveness, but while implementing the laws, it is necessary to raise public awareness of the hazards of, both active and passive, exposure to tobacco smoke.
Introduction
Exposure to normal or variably expressed RhD antigens in an antigen‐negative individual can elicit an immune response and lead to the formation of clinically significant anti‐D ...alloantibodies. We present the case of anti‐D alloimmunization by DEL variant missed in routine blood donor screening.
Material and Methods
Blood donors were typed for D antigen using the direct serologic micromethod. Nonreactive samples were confirmed in the indirect antiglobulin method with an IgM/IgG anti‐D monoclonal reagent. Genomic DNA was extracted using a commercial QIAamp DNA Blood Mini kit on the QIAcube device (Qiaqen, Germany). RHD genotyping was performed using the PCR‐SSP genotyping kits‐ Ready Gene D weak, Ready Gene D weak screen, Ready Gene CDE, and Ready Gene D AddOn (Inno‐Train, Germany). Unidentified alleles were sent for DNA genome sequencing.
Results
After identifying DEL positive blood units in RhD negative blood donor pool, a look‐back study was performed to determine if their previous donations caused alloimmunization in recipients. Out of 40 D negative recipients, one developed anti‐D alloantibody after 45 days. The patient did not receive other RhD positive blood products. Blood donor typed D negative in direct and indirect agglutination method. RHD screening was positive, but RHD genotyping and DNA sequencing showed no mutation indicating the normal genotype.
Conclusion
Currently used methods in RHD genotyping are insufficient to identify many variant alleles, especially intronic variations. We suggest additional gene investigation including yet unexplored regions of regulation and intron regions to justify our serological finding.
U današnjem društvu postoji jasan trend porasta broja osoba starije životne dobi pa time i sve veća statistička značajnost broja osoba oboljelih od Alzheimerove bolesti što generira povećanu potrebu ...adekvatne skrbi za oboljele. Uz formalne oblike skrbi (pružene od profesionalaca iz sustava zdravstvene i socijalne skrbi), neformalna njega značajan je resurs u pružanju skrbi osobama s demencijom. Neformalni njegovatelji su pojedinci koji se dobrovoljno brinu za člana obitelji ili prijatelja koji se suočava sa bolešću, invaliditetom ili bilo kojim drugim stanjem koje zahtijeva posebnu pažnju. S obzirom na tijek i duljinu trajanja Alzheimerove bolesti i sama skrb za oboljelog je dugotrajna i iscrpljuća, a uključuje sve razine funkcioranja njegovatelja pa ju je potrebno sagledavati u kontekstu kako ekonomskog, tako i emocionalnog, mentalnog i fizičkog stanja njegovatelja. Iako može imati i neke blagotvorne aspekte, skrb za oboljeloga je obično vrlo stresna i može u značajnoj mjesti utjecati na zdravlje i dobrobit njegovatelja te je stoga potrebno razmotriti probleme i opterećenja s kojima se susreću njegovatelji osoba oboljelih od Alzheimerove bolesti.
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