The mechanisms of Golgi impregnation of neurons has remained enigmatic for decades. Recently, it was suggested that divalent (di)chromate anions play a role in the Golgi impregnation process. ...Therefore, we incubated slices of (para)formaldehyde-fixed rat brain tissue in solutions of potassium (di)chromate, phosphate, chloride or nitrate at pH 6 or 7. Slices were then immersed in solutions of silver nitrate and processed for light microscopical analysis. At pH 6, dichromate probes resulted in dense and homogeneous impregnation of neuronal cytoplasm (typical impregnation). At pH 7, chromate probes showed solely partial cytoplasmic and heavy nuclear-region neuron impregnation (atypical impregnation). Phosphate probes at pH 6 resulted in typical impregnation, whereas at pH 7 phosphate probes gave atypical impregnation. Both at pH 6 and 7, chloride and nitrate probes did not yield any Golgi impregnation. These findings confirmed the pH-dependence of silver-chromate Golgi impregnation as well as the correctness of corresponding acidic silver-phosphate impregnation. Our study revealed a previously unknown, strong anion-dependence of Golgi impregnation, suggesting that hydrogenated monovalent anions are carriers of the neuron impregnation.
In 195 with no manifest urinary tract disease, of me one to seven years of age,the ultrasound was used to determine the renal parenchvma (thickness at the genderinter-gender levels); their ...correlation with age the kidney dimensions was examined.The dynamic ratio between the parenchyma dimensions and those of the kidney wasanalyzed. The real-time mechanical sector scanner (ALOKA SSD 500) was used with convex probes of 3,5 and 5 MHz in the supine position and in the counter-lateralbody decubitus. The parenchyma dimensions kept on increasing continuously duringthe analyzed period, most intensely in the second and fifth years of age. Theparenchyma enlargement was in a better con-elation with the kidney growth than withthe childrens age. Still, there is an evident slight enlargement of the parenchymadimensions than that of the kidney dimensions.
Acervuli of 30 human pineal gland, were investigated during our research. They were collected during the autopsies at the Institut for forensic medicine of the Faculty of Medicine in Niš. Pineal ...tissue was processed with standard histologic procedure. Then, it was cut into 10 mm thick sections which were stained with HE, PAS, AB PAS and Mallory’s trichrome connective tissue stain. After that they were analyzed with light microscope. Morphometric analysis was performed by astereologic method. The B100 double square lattice test system was used. Average area, average perimeter, average diameter and contour index were calculated for the pineal acervuli of each age group. Obtained morphometric parameters were statisticaly analyzed. Acervuli were colored blue on HE stained sections. They were PAS and AB PAS positive structures which had red colored center and blue colored periphery on Mallory’s trichrome stained sections. Laminate structure was present, but it was not so concentric as it was in pineal capsula acervuli. Acervuli of the first age group had regular shape. They were localized at the pineal gland periphery. Acervuli of the second and the third age group obtained larger dimensions and more irregular shape, which finally led to mulberry structures formation in the core of the pineal gland. They were probably the result of the conglomeration of just formed with already formed ones. The increase of the average area, average parimeter, average diameter and contour index confirmed the increase of pineal acervuli dimensions and their shape irregularity during the aging process.Therefore, pineal acervuli show the increase of dimensions and shape irregularity. Finally, the process of conglomeration leads to mulberry like structures formation, in the second and the third age group which dominate pineal tissue in these age groups.
In 195 with no manifest urinary tract disease, of the one to seven years of age,the ultrasound was used to determine the renal sinus dimensions (length and width),Their correlation with age and the ...kidnev dimensions was examined. The real-timemechanical sector scanner (ALOKA SSD 500) was used with convex probes of 3,5and 5 MHz in the supine position and in the counter-lateral body decubitus. The sinus dimensions kept on increasing continuously during the analysis period, mostintensely during the fifth year of age. The sinus enlargement was in a bettercorrelation with the kidney growth than with the childrens age. Still, there is anevident slight lagging behind in the sinus dimension growth comparing to the kidneydimension growth.
The examination of the kidney parenchyma by the ultrasound assumes the identification of the cortex, of the medulla and of the arciform blood vessels. The kidney cortey is normally less echogenic ...than the parenchyma of the spleen and the liver; in the normal new-borns and babies it can also be isoechogenic with the liver parenchyma while in the prematures and in the new-borns with a small delivery mass it can be even more echogenic than the liver parenchyma. In the parenchymic diseases of the children kidneys the cortex becomes more echogenic than the liverparenchyma or it can be isoechogenic with it. The aim of the paper is to examine the kidney cortex isogenic nature in healthy new-borns of different age and body mass. The examination comprised 49 healthy new-borns with the normal urine findings as well as the normal nitrogen products in the serum of the age from 1 to 27 days with the body mass from 1900 to 4950 g. The real time ultrasound technique was used as adopted to the new-born age. It was found out that the kidney cortex of the majority of the healthy new-borns - born on time with a small delivery mass - as well as that of the prematures was isoechogenic with the liver parenchyma or more echogenic than it. In the new-born with a delivery mass of over 3000 g and especially of over 4000 g the kidney cortexwas most often more hypo-echogenic than the liver parenchyma
