Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of
death from cancer in women. The accuracy of diagnosis can be increased with a combination of clinical
examination, ...imaging diagnostics, and fi ne needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or core needle biopsy,
also known as triple test. The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of
FNAC in the diagnosis of breast tumors in our institution by correlating it with histopathology findings.
We assessed the accuracy of 124 FNAC findings by comparing cytological diagnosis of breast
masses with the diagnoses from histopathology reports obtained by surgery. Statistical analysis showed
95.1% accuracy, 97.7% sensitivity, 89.1% specificity, 95.5% positive predictive value and 94.2%
negative predictive value of FNAC. Study results indicated that FNAC could be used as a highly
reliable tool in the differential diagnosis of breast tumors, in combination with clinical and imaging
findings, especially in developing countries with limited financial resources.
Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) is a biochemical marker significant for early prediction of acute kidney injury in adults. However, it has not been examined sufficiently ...among the infant population, particularly newborns in terms of reference values. The aim of our study was to determine the concentration of uNGAL in healthy term newborns and to determine if there was a difference in uNGAL concentration according to gender, postnatal age and birth weight.
Our study involved 81 healthy term newborns birth (≥ 37 weeks, Apgar score ≥ 8 in the first minute after birth, CRP < 5 mg/L). Urine NGAL was measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) within 72 hours after birth, on Architect plus ci8200 analyser (Abbott, Chicago, USA). Data were analysed using Statistica software.
The median concentration of uNGAL in the whole study group of healthy term newborns was 27.1 ng/mL (16.5-56.0 ng/mL) (newborn girls, 27.1 ng/mL (15.8-47.9 ng/mL); newborn boys, 27.9 ng/mL (16.5-61.0 ng/mL), P = 0.941). Median uNGAL concentration according to postnatal age expressed in days was 28.2 ng/mL (11.7-57.2 ng/mL) 1
day, 28.9 ng/mL (16.5-64.2 ng/mL) 2
day and 23.9 ng/mL (20.2-46.6) 3
day, P = 0.863. Regarding birth weight for newborns < 3500 g, median concentration was 25.0 ng/mL (16.5-45.4 ng/mL) and for weight ≥ 3500 g 30.6 ng/mL (16.5-64.2 ng/mL), P = 0.455.
There were no significant difference in uNGAL concentration in relation to gender, postnatal age and birth weight.
The expression pattern of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) and neuroendocrine markers, neuron cell adhesion molecule (NCAM; CD56), chromogranin A (CgA) and synaptophysin (Syp), of different ...lung cell lineages was histologically analyzed in 15 normal human fetal lungs and 12 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) using immunohistochemical methods. During pseudoglandular phase strong nuclear TTF-1 staining was detected in the columnar nonciliated epithelial cells, while NCAM, CgA and Syp had a moderate expression in the proximal airways and mild expression in the distal airways. Neuroendocrine cells (NECs) in proximal lung airway were co-localizing TTF-1 and other neuroendocrine markers while neuroendocrine bodies (NEBs) exhibit only staining with NCAM and Syp. In the canalicular phase TTF-1 nuclear staining was expressed only in several epithelial cells in proximal airways, while budding airways epithelium showed strong TTF-1 expression. Expression of NCAM, CgA and Syp in this phase equals the one in pseudoglandular phase. NEBs cells were co-localizing TTF-1 and NCAM in proximal airways and few NECs in distal airway were co-localizing TTF-1 and Syp. TTF-1 staining in the saccular phase was limited to subsets of epithelial cells in the proximal airways with stronger positivity in the distal airways. NCAM expression is moderate only in proximal airways, while Syp and CgA show mild expression in proximal and distal airways. NECs were co-localizing TTF-1 and NCAM in proximal lung airway. With regard to NECs, all small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells had strong TTF-1, NCAM, Syp and CgA positivity and TTF-1 co-localized with other neuroendocrine markers. All pulmonary typical carcinoids were TTF-1 negative, while pulmonary atypical carcinoids were focal positive for TTF-1 and some neoplastic cells co-localized TTF-1 with neuroendocrine markers.
Our results indicate that TTF-1 expression in NECs suggests a possible role in their normal development and differentiation. Our results also indicate that possible cell of origin for poorly differentiated SCLC and some atypical carcinoid could be a progenitor cell in neuroendocrine lineage while in typical carcinoids possible cell of origin is localized in terminally differentiated NECs.
Karcinom dojke je najčešći zloćudni tumor i vodeći uzrok smrti od zloćudne bolesti kod žena. Pravodobnost i točnost dijagnoze mogu se poboljšati kombinacijom kliničkog pregleda, radioloških pretraga ...i citološke punkcije tankom iglom ili core biopsije. Istraživanje je provedeno kako bi se utvrdila osjetljivost i specifičnost citološke punkcije tankom iglom tumora dojke u odnosu na patohistološki nalaz. U istraživanje je uključeno 124 nalaza citološke punkcije tankom iglom tumora dojke koji su uspoređeni s patohistološkim nalazom nakon kirurške resekcije. Statistička analiza je pokazala točnost od 95,1%, osjetljivost od 97,7%, specifičnost od 89,1%, pozitivnu prediktivnu vrijednost od 95,5% i negativnu prediktivnu
vrijednost od 94,2%. Istraživanje je pokazalo da se citološka punkcija tankom iglom može koristiti kao veoma pouzdana pretraga u diferencijalnoj dijagnozi tumora dojke, u kombinaciji s kliničkim pregledom i radiološkim pretragama, pogotovo u zemljama u razvoju s ograničenim materijalnim sredstvima.
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