Rapid and easy analytical methods are needed due to increasing number of multicomponent formulations, biotherapeutic products and samples of complex matrix in que. Number of Ultraviolet (UV) ...spectrophotometric methods used for these purpose. Different types of UV spectrometric methods developed on the basis of principle of additivity, absorbance difference, processing absorption spectra. The aim of this review is to present information on simultaneous equation method, difference spectrophotometry, derivative spectrophotometry, absorbance ratio spectra, derivative ratio spectra, successive ratio - derivative spectra, Q-absorbance ratio method, absorptivity factor method, dual wavelength method, absorption factor method, multivariate chemometric methods, and isosbestic point method. A brief summary on theories, mathematical background and some applications of these methods are presented here.
Selection of proper polymer system is a critical step involved in the formulation of dosage form. Type of polymer/s incorporated in pharmaceutical formulation majorly decides the stability of ...formulation and drug itself, mechanism, and rate of drug release. Pharmaceutical and biological therapeutics are suffered from disadvantages such as short half-lives, poor bioavailability, and physical and chemical instability. Delivery of drugs to target site at a specific concentration for a specific time can be successfully achieved by the use of suitable polymer/s. Thus, it is not necessary that available polymer till the date should have all ideal properties with respect to above. This makes a demand of tailored polymers with desired features and introduces concept of grafting for making new polymers to be used in dosage forms. Grafting can be achieved by various techniques described herein and can be analyzed by various modern analytical techniques including infrared, NMR, X-ray diffractometer, and differential scanning calorimeter. These grafted polymers offer many applications in terms of site drug/biological carrying capacity, tailored physicochemical properties based dosage form modifications and with desired features, and also to deliver therapeutics at specific sites. Considering these advantages, a number of applications of grafted polymers developed and many patents were filed in this area till the date. This review highlights the basic concept of grafting and its various techniques and their significant pharmaceutical applications.
The increased mortality rates associated with colorectal cancer highlight the pressing need for improving treatment approaches. While capsaicin (CAP) has shown promising anticancer activity, its ...efficacy is hampered due to low solubility, rapid metabolism, suboptimal bioavailability, and a short half-life. Therefore, this study aimed to prepare a lactoferrin-functionalized carboxymethyl dextran-coated egg albumin nanoconjugate (LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs) for the targeted CAP delivery to enhance its potential for colorectal cancer therapy. Briefly, LF-CMD was synthesized through an esterification reaction involving LF as a receptor and CMD as a shell. Concurrently, CAP was incorporated into an EGA carrier using gelation and hydrophobic interactions. The subsequent production of LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs was achieved through the Maillard reaction. Spectral characterizations confirmed the successful synthesis of smooth and spherical-shaped LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs using LF-CMD and EGA-CAP nanoparticles, with high entrapment efficiency and satisfactory drug content. Furthermore, LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs demonstrated a sustained release of CAP (76.52 ± 1.01 % in 24 h, R
= 0.9966) in pH 5.8 buffer with anomalous transport (n = 0.68) owing to the shell of the CMD and EGA matrix. The nanoconjugate exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity in HCT116 and LoVo cell lines, which is attributed to the overexpression of LF receptors in colorectal HCT116 cells. Additionally, LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, as observed in the FHC-CRL-1831 cell line. In conclusion, LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs can be considered as a promising approach for targeted delivery of CAP and other anticancer agents in colorectal cancer treatment.
Gasification technology often requires the use of modeling approaches to incorporate several intermediate reactions in a complex nature. These traditional models are occasionally impractical and ...often challenging to bring reliable relations between performing parameters. Hence, this study outlined the solutions to overcome the challenges in modeling approaches. The use of machine learning (ML) methods is essential and a promising integration to add intelligent retrieval to traditional modeling approaches of gasification technology. Regarding this, this study charted applied ML-based artificial intelligence in the field of gasification research. This study includes a summary of applied ML algorithms, including neural network, support vector, decision tree, random forest, and gradient boosting, and their performance evaluations for gasification technologies.
Canadian Guidelines on Parkinson's Disease Grimes, David; Gordon, Joyce; Snelgrove, Barbara ...
Canadian journal of neurological sciences
39, Številka:
4 Suppl 4
Journal Article
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