•A new lattice Boltzmann model for the one-fluid multiphase flow equations.•Surface tension is set precisely a priori and independent of other parameters.•Narrow interfaces are captured accurately ...and efficiently.•Reduced need for on-grid differencing.•Excellent agreement with theoretical and benchmark results.
A multiphase lattice Boltzmann model is constructed to numerically solve the one-fluid flow equations for immiscible fluids. The method features one solver for the macroscopic pressure and momentum and another for a scalar field that captures and sharpens the interface. The surface tension is set a priori and independently of other parameters. The interface capillary tensor is embedded within the moments of the lattice Boltzmann equation so that its divergence is captured locally. The algorithm is simple and can compute flows with large density and viscosity ratios while maintaining distributed but narrow interfaces. The model is validated against analytical solutions and benchmark simulations.
Recent evidence indicates that spending discretionary money with the intention of acquiring life experiences-events that one lives through-makes people happier than spending money with the intention ...of acquiring material possessions-tangible objects that one obtains and possesses. We propose and show that experiences are more likely to be shared with others, whereas material possessions are more prone to solitary use and that this distinction may account for their differential effects on happiness. In 4 studies, we present evidence demonstrating that the inclusion of others is a key dimension of how people derive happiness from discretionary spending. These studies showed that when the social-solitary and experiential-material dimensions were considered simultaneously, social discretionary spending was favored over solitary discretionary spending, whereas experiences showed no happiness-producing advantage relative to possessions. Furthermore, whereas spending money on socially shared experiences was valued more than spending money on either experiences enacted alone or material possessions, solitary experiences were no more valued than material possessions. Together, these results extend and clarify the basic findings of prior research and add to growing evidence that the social context of experiences is critical for their effects on happiness.
The concept of situation has a long and venerable history in social psychology. The author argues that recent approaches to the concept of situation have confused certain important elements. Herein, ...the author proposes that attention to three of these elements will reinvigorate the concept of situation in social psychology: (a) that the analysis of situations should begin with their objective features; (b) that situations should be conceptualized as affordances; and (c) that the interpersonal core of situations, in particular the extent to which they are influenced by relationships, is the proper and most profitable focus for social psychology. These elements are consistent with recent developments in the study of situated social cognition and may help better define social psychology's position within the sciences.
Four studies examined the intrapersonal and interpersonal consequences of seeking out others when
good
things happen (i.e., capitalization). Two studies showed that communicating personal positive ...events with others was associated with increased daily positive affect and well-being, above and beyond the impact of the positive event itself and other daily events. Moreover, when others were perceived to respond actively and constructively (and not passively or destructively) to capitalization attempts, the benefits were further enhanced. Two studies found that close relationships in which one's partner typically responds to capitalization attempts enthusiastically were associated with higher relationship well-being (e.g., intimacy, daily marital satisfaction). The results are discussed in terms of the theoretical and empirical importance of understanding how people "cope" with positive events, cultivate positive emotions, and enhance social bonds.
Clozapine remains the only evidence-based antipsychotic for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). The ability to predict which patients with their first onset of schizophrenia would subsequently ...meet criteria for treatment resistance (TR) could help to diminish the severe functional disability which may ensue if TR is not recognized and correctly treated.
This is a 5-year longitudinal assessment of clinical outcomes in a cohort of 246 first-episode schizophrenia spectrum patients recruited as part of the NIHR Genetics and Psychosis (GAP) study conducted in South London from 2005 to 2010. We examined the relationship between baseline demographic and clinical measures and the emergence of TR. TR status was determined from a review of electronic case records. We assessed for associations with early-, and late-onset TR, and non-TR, and differences between those TR patients treated with clozapine and those who were not.
Seventy per cent (n = 56) of TR patients, and 23% of the total study population (n = 246) were treatment resistant from illness onset. Those who met criteria for TR during the first 5 years of illness were more likely to have an early age of first contact for psychosis (<20 years) odds ratio (OR) 2.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-4.94 compared to those with non-TR. The relationship between an early age of first contact (<20 years) and TR was significant in patients of Black ethnicity (OR 3.71, 95% CI 1.44-9.56); and patients of male gender (OR 3.13 95% CI 1.35-7.23).
For the majority of the TR group, antipsychotic TR is present from illness onset, necessitating increased consideration for the earlier use of clozapine.
Introduction
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in individuals with SMI. The sedentary lifestyle that usually guides these individuals associated with the use of some psychotropic ...drugs increases the risk of adverse events related to these pathologies
Objectives
Presentation of the Study Protocol for the Implementation of a Psychoeducational Group directed to Prevention and Monitoring Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in patients with SMI
Methods
It is intended to implement a psychoeducational program, which includes a 30-minute walk, focused on healthy lifestyle habits, for 16 weeks.
It is intended to include SMI individuals, from a convenience sample, who present any of these criteria: Excess weight; At risk or diagnosed with DM; Sedentary lifestyle; Smoker. Data regarding socio-demographic, clinical and motivational for and about physical activity will be collected from the intervention group. Patients who refuse to join the study will only receive information about lifestyle changes at the beginning and will continue with their usual care.
Results
According to available literature, it is expected that the monitoring and control of these parameters will translate into a benefit in reducing cardiovascular risk factors and optimizing the treatment of MS, contributing to the empowerment of patients in managing their disease and increasing their quality and years of life.
Conclusions
The impact of lifestyle changes proved to be effective and are sometimes lasting, with objective gains in quality of life of these patients. The main measure to face this issue, improve the well-being and physical health of these individuals, is to reduce weight and increase baseline physical activity.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
A new graphical analysis of impedance spectra of electrochemical interfaces is proposed that takes into account the possible existence of distributed elements and filters out portions of spectra that ...are dominated by faradaic contributions. The proposed method is based on the concept of a generalized phase element, αgpe. It is already known that, in contrast to the so called constant phase element, αgpe is a function of frequency and is very sensitive to changes in impedance spectra caused by underlying electrochemical processes. The novelty in this work is to further extend the concept of generalized functions, which enables a direct translation of impedance spectra into effective capacitance spectra, without the intervening use of predefined electric equivalent circuit models. As a practical example, we investigate the capacitive behavior of a polycrystalline Au electrode, immersed in an aqueous 0.1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. Despite the presence of a 2D distribution of time constants, the capacitance spectra display non-dispersive values of capacitance for the electric double layer. Furthermore, the gpe analysis is able to track capacitive processes occurring at potentials close to the onset of hydrogen evolution, thus revealing the presence of a non-faradaic adsorption capacitance that could be related to a surface activated deprotonation of bisulfate ions.
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Introduction
The perinatal period constitutes a unique individual and family experience, involved in multifaceted transformations and adaptations at the physical, psychological, social, and emotional ...levels. This is the period in women’s life cycle where there is a higher risk for the development of mental illness.
Objectives
To introduce the perinatal mental health programme of the Hospital do Espírito Santo de Évora. The main objective is to structure an intervention with the woman and her support network to promote healthy parenting.
Methods
Implementing secondary and tertiary intervention approaches in a general and public hospital in the Alentejo region of Portugal. The programme is composed of the following components and domains of intervention in the pre-conception, pregnancy, and post-partum periods: individual consultation; brief intervention consultation; mindfulness sessions in the immediate postpartum period; home-based interventions; empowerment interventions for hospital and community healthcare professionals.
Results
It is expected that the project will result in a multidisciplinary approach to perinatal mental health, with significant impact, improved perinatal mental health of the women integrated in the project, as well as improved level of satisfaction in the provision of care in the woman/family.
Conclusions
Considering the prevalence and impact of mental health issues in the perinatal period, it is desirable to structure interventions with a holistic and multidisciplinary approach. Perinatal mental health should be prioritized during the entire process of pregnancy and postnatal period. A network of primary and secondary care systems may allow mitigating and/or overcoming vulnerabilities.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Advances in our understanding of uremic retention solutes, and improvements in hemodialysis membranes and other techniques designed to remove uremic retention solutes, offer opportunities to ...readdress the definition and classification of uremic toxins. A consensus conference was held to develop recommendations for an updated definition and classification scheme on the basis of a holistic approach that incorporates physicochemical characteristics and dialytic removal patterns of uremic retention solutes and their linkage to clinical symptoms and outcomes. The major focus is on the removal of uremic retention solutes by hemodialysis. The identification of representative biomarkers for different classes of uremic retention solutes and their correlation to clinical symptoms and outcomes may facilitate personalized and targeted dialysis prescriptions to improve quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Recommendations for areas of future research were also formulated, aimed at improving understanding of uremic solutes and improving outcomes in patients with CKD.
To examine the effects of marital status and marital satisfaction on survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Participants were 225 people who had CABG between 1987 and 1990. Marital ...status at the time of surgery and marital satisfaction 1 year after surgery were used to predict survival 15 years after surgery.
Married people were 2.5 times (p < .001) more likely to be alive 15 years after CABG than those who were not married. This finding was true for men and women, although the result for women was marginally significant adjusting for age. Those in high-satisfaction marriages were 3.2 times (p < .003) more likely to be alive 15 years after CABG compared with those reporting low marital satisfaction. Highly satisfied men were 2.7 times (p < .03) and highly satisfied women were 3.9 times (p < .15) more likely to be alive adjusting for age. Although the result was not significant for women, the effect size for marital satisfaction was actually larger for women than for men.
Being married, especially being in a highly satisfying marriage, offered a significant benefit to long-term survival after CABG. Why marital status and marital satisfaction have this effect on survival is surely mulitfactorial, most likely a combination of spousal support and survivor motivation to adopt a healthy lifestyle, along with the provision of emotional support to the survivor, which all could have the effect of modulating the physiologic mechanisms responsible for slowing the advancement of CVD.
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