Direct difunctionalization of chemically distinct
ortho
- and
peri
-C-H bonds of fused hetero(arenes) is illustrated through an unusual one-pot domino {4 + 2 & 5 + 2} double annulation with alkynes ...for the first time. This process is viable under Ru(
ii
)-catalysis using a sulfoximine directing group and builds four bonds (CC)(CN) and (CC)(CO) in a single operation. Such synthetic manifestation offers access to uncommon 6,7-fused oxepino-pyridine skeletons. DFT calculations provide mechanistic insight into this double annulation of naphthoic acid derivatives with alkynes and corroborate the participation of a ruthena-oxabicyclooctene intermediate, which is responsible for the rare 7-membered ring formation.
Direct difunctionalization of chemically distinct
ortho
- and
peri
-C-H bonds of fused hetero(arenes) is illustrated through an unusual one-pot domino {4 + 2 & 5 + 2} double annulation with alkynes for the first time.
A series of anthranilodinitrile-based biaryls were synthesized and evaluated in vitro against extracellular promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania donovani. Among various screened ...compounds, a biaryl with trifluoromethyl group 5f showed 83% inhibition against promastigotes and 70% inhibition against amastigotes of L. donovani at 8 and 20μg/mL concentrations, respectively.
Background: Peer support is an established component of recovery from bipolar disorder, and online support groups may offer opportunities to expand the use of peer support at the patient's ...convenience. Prior research in bipolar disorder has reported value from online support groups.
Aims: To understand the use of online support groups by patients with bipolar disorder as part of a larger project about information seeking.
Methods: The results are based on a one-time, paper-based anonymous survey about information seeking by patients with bipolar disorder, which was translated into 12 languages. The survey was completed between March 2014 and January 2016 and included questions on the use of online support groups. All patients were diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Analysis included descriptive statistics and general estimating equations to account for correlated data.
Results and conclusions: The survey was completed by 1222 patients in 17 countries. The patients used the Internet at a percentage similar to the general public. Of the Internet users who looked online for information about bipolar disorder, only 21.0% read or participated in support groups, chats, or forums for bipolar disorder (12.8% of the total sample). Given the benefits reported in prior research, clarification of the role of online support groups in bipolar disorder is needed. With only a minority of patients using online support groups, there are analytical challenges for future studies.
Objectives
We have shown that 4‐HNE induces signaling for apoptosis in cells via death receptor (Fas) mediated extrinsic and p53‐mediated intrinsic pathways. However, the nature of interactions of ...4‐HNE with the components of these signaling pathways are not understood. During present studies, we have elucidated the pathways of 4‐HNE induced signaling for apoptosis in HepG2 cells.
Results
Our results showed that 4‐HNE promoted apoptosis in HepG2 cells through activation of p53, Bax, p21, JNK, and caspase3. Our results also showed that exposure of HepG2 cells to 4‐HNE leads to the activation of Fas, Daxx, ASK1, JNK, and caspase3 and these effects of 4‐HNE could be inhibited by the over expression of hGSTA4‐4. 4‐HNE also induced translocation of Daxx from nucleus to cytoplasm which caused inhibition of apoptosis and the activation and the translocation of HSF1 to nucleus resulting in the up‐regulation of HSP70. We also demonstrate that 4‐HNE does indeed bind to Fas, Daxx, and p53 to affect Fas and p53 mediated signaling.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that 4‐HNE generated during oxidative stress promotes apoptosis through multiple pathways, but upon sustained oxidative stress conditions, 4‐HNE may provide protection to cells by up regulation of heat shock proteins and by Daxx mediated inhibition of apoptosis.( NIH grants ES 012171, EY04396 (YCA) and CA 077495 (SA))
Purpose: Reconstruction of the beating heart in 3D + time in the catheter laboratory using only the available C-arm system would improve diagnosis, guidance, device sizing, and outcome control for ...intracardiac interventions, e.g., electrophysiology, valvular disease treatment, structural or congenital heart disease. To obtain such a reconstruction, the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) must be recorded during the acquisition and used in the reconstruction. In this paper, the authors present a 4D reconstruction method aiming to reconstruct the heart from a single sweep 10 s acquisition. Methods: The authors introduce the 4D RecOnstructiOn using Spatial and TEmporal Regularization (short 4D ROOSTER) method, which reconstructs all cardiac phases at once, as a 3D + time volume. The algorithm alternates between a reconstruction step based on conjugate gradient and four regularization steps: enforcing positivity, averaging along time outside a motion mask that contains the heart and vessels, 3D spatial total variation minimization, and 1D temporal total variation minimization. Results: 4D ROOSTER recovers the different temporal representations of a moving Shepp and Logan phantom, and outperforms both ECG-gated simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique and prior image constrained compressed sensing on a clinical case. It generates 3D + time reconstructions with sharp edges which can be used, for example, to estimate the patient's left ventricular ejection fraction. Conclusions: 4D ROOSTER can be applied for human cardiac C-arm CT, and potentially in other dynamic tomography areas. It can easily be adapted to other problems as regularization is decoupled from projection and back projection.
Dengue virus type 3, Brazil, 2002 Nogueira, Rita Maria Ribeiro; Schatzmayr, Hermann Gonçalves; de Filippis, Ana Maria Bispo ...
Emerging infectious diseases,
09/2005, Letnik:
11, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
During the summer of 2002, Rio de Janeiro had a large epidemic of dengue fever; 288,245 cases were reported. A subset of 1,831 dengue hemorrhagic fever cases occurred. In this study, performed in the ...first half of 2002, samples from 1,559 patients with suspected cases of dengue infection were analyzed. From this total, 1,497 were obtained from patients with nonfatal cases, and 62 were obtained from patients with fatal cases. By the use of different methods, 831 (53.3%) cases, including 40 fatal cases, were confirmed as dengue infection. When virus identification was successful, dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) was obtained in 99% of cases. Neurologic involvement was shown in 1 patient with encephalitis, confirmed by the detection of DENV-3 RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. This explosive epidemic of DENV-3 was the most severe dengue epidemic reported in Brazil since dengue viruses were introduced in 1986.
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