We describe here the development of a murine system for the identification of genes involved in myelomonocytic neoplasms. Transgenic C57BL/6J mice expressing SV40 early region under a myelomonocytic ...promoter develop histiocytic sarcomas with a latency of 167 days. We used retroviral proviral tagging to accelerate tumorigenesis and to uncover genetic changes that contribute to tumor development. Infection of transgenic mice with Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) shortened the latency of morbidity to 103 days (P< 0.001); this was associated with clonal proviral integrations in tumor DNA. As expected for F-MuLV, proviral insertions occurred at Fli1 in both transgenic and nontransgenic tumors. Four insertions were found at a novel locus, termed Fim4, on chromosome 6. This region is syntenic to human 7q32, a region that is commonly deleted in human myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. A murine BAC containing Fim4 was sequenced and analyzed, and while there was significant human-mouse homology in the area of the insertions, no candidate gene has been identified. Thus we have established a system to identify genes involved in myelomonocytic tumors, and have used it to identify Fim4, a new common site of proviral insertion. Study of this locus may provide insight into genes involved in AML-associated 7q32 deletions in humans.
We present a one per cent measurement of the cosmic distance scale from the detections of the baryon acoustic oscillations in the clustering of galaxies from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic ...Survey (BOSS), which is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III). Our results come from the Data Release 11 (DR11) sample, containing nearly one million galaxies and covering approximately $8\,500$ square degrees and the redshift range $0.2<z<0.7$. We also compare these results with those from the publicly released DR9 and DR10 samples. Assuming a concordance $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, the DR11 sample covers a volume of 13\,Gpc^3$ and is the largest region of the Universe ever surveyed at this density. We measure the correlation function and power spectrum, including density-field reconstruction of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature. The acoustic features are detected at a significance of over $7\,\sigma$ in both the correlation function and power spectrum. Fitting for the position of the acoustic features measures the distance relative to the sound horizon at the drag epoch, $r_d$, which has a value of $r_{d,{\rm fid}}=149.28\,$Mpc in our fiducial cosmology. We find $D_V=(1264\pm25\,{\rm Mpc})(r_d/r_{d,{\rm fid}})$ at $z=0.32$ and $D_V=(2056\pm20\,{\rm Mpc})(r_d/r_{d,{\rm fid}})$ at $z=0.57$. At 1.0 per cent, this latter measure is the most precise distance constraint ever obtained from a galaxy survey. Separating the clustering along and transverse to the line-of-sight yields measurements at $z=0.57$ of $D_A=(1421\pm20\,{\rm Mpc})(r_d/r_{d,{\rm fid}})$ and $H=(96.8\pm3.4\,{\rm km/s/Mpc})(r_{d,{\rm fid}}/r_d)$. Our measurements of the distance scale are in good agreement with previous BAO measurements and with the predictions from cosmic microwave background data for a spatially flat cold dark matter model with a cosmological constant.
We present DES13S2cmm, the first spectroscopically-confirmed superluminous supernova (SLSN) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We briefly discuss the data and search algorithm used to find this event ...in the first year of DES operations, and outline the spectroscopic data obtained from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Very Large Telescope to confirm its redshift (z = 0.663 +/- 0.001 based on the host-galaxy emission lines) and likely spectral type (Type I). Using this redshift, we find M-U(peak) = -21.05(-0.09)(+0.10) for the peak, rest-frame U-band absolute magnitude, and find DES13S2cmm to be located in a faint, low-metallicity (subsolar), low stellar-mass host galaxy (log (M/M-circle dot) = 9.3 +/- 0.3), consistent with what is seen for other SLSNe-I. We compare the bolometric light curve of DES13S2cmm to 14 similarly well-observed SLSNe-I in the literature and find that it possesses one of the slowest declining tails (beyond +30 d rest-frame past peak), and is the faintest at peak. Moreover, we find the bolometric light curves of all SLSNe-I studied herein possess a dispersion of only 0.2-0.3 mag between +25 and +30 d after peak (rest frame) depending on redshift range studied; this could be important for 'standardizing' such supernovae, as is done with the more common Type Ia. We fit the bolometric light curve of DES13S2cmm with two competing models for SLSNe-I-the radioactive decay of Ni-56, and a magnetar - and find that while the magnetar is formally a better fit, neither model provides a compelling match to the data. Although we are unable to conclusively differentiate between these two physical models for this particular SLSN-I, further DES observations of more SLSNe-I should break this degeneracy, especially if the light curves of SLSNe-I can be observed beyond 100 d in the rest frame of the supernova.
An area some 120 x 70 km off the eastern coast of Oman (containing the UK JGOFS Arabesque station) was intensively studied over a 17 day period in August 1994, with the objective of determining the ...relationships between the biological populations, the oxygen minimum layer and the dynamic hydrography of the euphotic zone. The outer margin of the area was delimited by a rectangle of 15 full depth CTD casts and the hydrography was further defined by two Seasoar surveys within the box. Midwater trawls were used to sample the populations at three stations, oceanic, slope and shelf edge respectively. Day and night samples of macroplankton and micronekton were taken at each station to determine the extent of diel vertical migration and the effect of the hypoxic region on these migrations. Concurrent ADCP data were used to follow the migrations and spatial changes in real time. Despite the limited area studied the patterns of upwelling and their temporal and spatial changes were complex. Coastal upwelling was observed directly only at the southwestern edge of the area during both Seasoar surveys. Persian Gulf Water was a consistent but spatially discrete feature of the region at depths of 200-300 m. Arabian Sea Surface Water was present at the eastern margin of the first survey.
Abstract
Introduction
This report aims to demonstrate how a podiatry service quality improvement project into a residential care home was implemented and why it was needed. Risk of foot ulceration ...increases in those with age, neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease and immobility. In 2013 the Sunderland Care Commissioning Group piloted, through the readmission scheme, a podiatry service providing specialist care into 11 care homes in the Coalfield’s locality of Sunderland, which are a mixture of both nursing and residential homes. The service provides, foot care for all residents and prevention strategies for those classed at risk of developing foot ulceration and to provide specialist wound care interventions for residents presenting with foot ulcers into each care home in the Coalfield’s locality. There are financial constraints to rolling out the Coalfield’s model to the further 36 care homes in Sunderland. Therefore, a new model was explored. This is a high-risk model only, piloted in one care home.
Methods
Driver diagram was used to define key problems, activities required to deliver improvement. Fish bone diagram was used to establish the route cause analysis. The plan do study act (PDSA) cycles were used to pilot the interventions at the study site to ensure effective small change The Comb-B Behaviour Change Wheel was also included to ensure that interventions undertaken were sustainable by identifying the behavioural change required.
Results
There were no pressure injuries identified at post-intervention, this was a significant improvement from baseline. Staff had referred three grade 1 pressure injuries and one foreign body, one foot pain and two trauma ulcers during the intervention, showing a 300% increase in reported grade 1 pressure injuries.
Conclusions
This quality improvement project has demonstrated a person centred, evidence based, older person service delivery for sustainable future that embeds a multi-disciplinary team to the high-risk podiatry model of service. It has shown that behavioural change has occurred with small change interventions. It has used the robust methodology of PDSA to effect this change and allow for a clear report to be able to articulate the benefit.
Bloom syndrome (BS) is more common in the Ashkenazi Jewish than in any other population. Approximately 1 in 110 Ashkenazi Jews carries blm, the BS mutation. The locus mutated in BS, BLM, maps to ...chromosome subband 15q26.1, tightly linked to the proto-oncogene FES. We have investigated the basis for the increased frequency of blm in the Ashkenazim by genotyping polymorphic microsatellite loci tightly linked to BLM in affected and unaffected individuals from Ashkenazi Jewish and non-Ashkenazi populations. A striking association of the C3 allele at FES with blm (delta = .422; p = 5.52 x 10(-7)) and of the 145-bp and 147-bp alleles at D15S127 with blm (delta = .392 and delta = .483, respectively; p = 2.8 x 10(-5) and p = 5.4 x 10(-7), respectively) was detected in Ashkenazi Jews with BS. This linkage disequilibrium constitutes strong support for a founder-effect hypothesis: the chromosome in the hypothetical founder who carried blm also carried the C3 allele at FES and either the 145-bp or the 147-bp allele at D15S127.
• There has been an increase in the use of aromatherapy in nursing, and many issues are now being raised which need addressing in order to maintain professional credibility and safe practice.
• These ...issues include: who can safely practise aromatherapy, what qualifications are required to practise, who provides indemnity, and other issues, including the safety and toxicity of essential oils.
• A small study was undertaken to examine the differences in drop size of bergamot essential oil.
• Drop size was determined by weighing different manufacturers' essential oil of bergamot and it was found that drop size did differ, resulting in unequal doses of essential oil.
• It is important to be aware of this, because there are implications for the size of the dose administered in an aromatherapy treatment.
• This paper raises the issue of standardizing the measurement of essential oils, to ensure that there are no problems regarding safety in their administration.
AToM, a CMOS 128 channel signal processing chip, was originally designed for the readout of the microstrip Silicon Vertex Tracker in the BaBar experiment at SLAC. Each channel in the chip includes an ...analog section, with low-noise preamplification, shaping, and A/D conversion. A digital section provides data buffering and formatting, and serial sparsified readout. The chip is able to process signals from both electron and hole collecting electrodes on a wide dynamic range. AToM is presently available in both rad-soft and rad-hard implementations. This paper aims at showing that AToM has a much broader application perspective in association with room-temperature high-granularity detectors, for instance in X- and gamma-ray imaging and signal processing for focal plane detectors. The first step toward this extension is the analysis of the intrinsic noise and accuracy limitations in radiation energy measurements. For this purpose the analysis is focused on the noise performances of the analog section, as a function of the detector capacitance, and of the signal peaking time. The effect of series white and 1/
f noise and of parallel noise is studied to define the best operating conditions with different detector types.
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