79 - focus of the very ruined mural painting for the adoption of an experimental oil technique on the wall
161 - the man portrait of the Lombard painter, of Leonardesca school, de Predis
112 - some ...studies of Leonardo's botany with analytical, scientific drawings of flowers and plants
43 - a series of preparatory drawings with studies of figures splashed in pen
8 - the funeral monument of John and Piero dei Medici in San Lorenzo in Florence, the work of the Verrocchio
158 - detail of a painting, the figure of\ "Narciso\," made by the Lombard painter Boltraffio, follower of Leonardo
163 - the portrait of\ "Francis II Sforza\," the work of a Lombard painter from Leonardo's circle: Bernardino de 'Conti
190 - focus of the realistic, human sacred figures immersed in a landscape
117 - focusing on the above page design.
83 - the camera runs along the painted wall dominated by the monumental and moved figures of the apostles divided into groups of three
10 - the sarcophagus with the adorn edges of plant motifs chiseled in the bronze
154 - a late painting by Leonardo: the\ "Saint John the Baptist in the wilderness\"
116 - a manuscript sheet of Leonardo dominated by the figure of a machine with sprockets
11 - detail of the\ "Annunciation\" exit from the workshop of the Verrocchio and attributed to Leonardo: the marble lectern with decorative motifs analogous to those of the verrocchiesco sarcophagus
147 - the masterpiece of Renaissance portraiture framed as a whole
127 - pen traced projects of hydraulic engineering works, of bridges
124 - a manuscript page by Leonardo with studies concerning the waters
19 - together and details of the\ "Madonna del Garofano\"
128 - focus of leonardese code sheets with pen drawings of sacred architectures in central plan
55 - focus of an anatomical study by Leonardo
167 -\ "the Madonna, Saint Anne and the child\," painting of Caesar by Sesto on the model of Leonardo's work of a similar subject
63 - framing of a portrait, painted by Leonardo, of elegant cultured female figure, half bust and three quarters, behind a wooden parapet on a dark bottom
144 - details of the masterpiece: the geological landscape in the background immersed in the vapors of the atmosphere
115 - some drawings, hand studies by Leonardo on the subject of mechanics
9 - focus of the grate of braided bronze ropes that characterizes the monument
156 - the\ "Saint John the Baptist in half bust\," work of Leonardo's late activity before the move to France
82 - details of the painting: the figure of the Christ between the two agitated ranks of the apostles; the long table imposed
42 - detail of a finished drawing by Leonardo: the perfect profile of a young man
64 - detail of the work: the perfect and illuminated face of the lady
84 - details of the masterpiece: the apostolic group with Judas
7 - details of the work: the angel in the foreground on the left performed by Leonardo; and the landscape immersed in light and atmosphere in the background
149 - a painting depicting the aforementioned mythological subject: it is a copy from the original leonardesco
92 - focus of the aforementioned group of apostles marked by expressive faces and gestures of different moods
81 - the wall painted with the dinner set in an architectural space that illusionistically continues the royal space of the refectory
143 - focus of the enigmatic female portrait from the gradient contours
A cinematographic catalog of Leonardo da Vinci's pictorial, graphic, scientific work The documentary closes with the works of those who inherited and developed the lesson of Renaissance genius.
98 - details of Leonardo's anatomical drawings accompanied by handwritten notes
48 - perspective study for the\ "adoration of the Magi\," made in pen on paper
126 - details of urban and architectural studies of Leonardo's hand splashed in pen
118 - the design, correadato of handwritten captions, of a large crossbow
179 - details of the pictorial composition: the Madonna with the child; the faces of the two saints on the sides of the sacred group
186 - focus of the painting with figures in a landscape with subtle tonal variations
125 - details of reproductive studies water falls, sea wave motions.
44 - focus of a preparatory drawing for the\ "adoration of the Magi\"
108 - Leonardo's hand drawings depicting landscapes at the mercy of buffalo, turbine, natural cataclysms
180 - the\ "Madonna del Cardellino\" by Raffaello Sanzio
77 - the studies for a more static and late equestrian monument
53 - the\ "San Gerolamo\," another unfinished painting by Leonardo
1 - Leonardo was a painter, sculptor, architect, but also a scholar of geology, mechanics, anatomy and botany. He has preached, in art as in science, research and problems of modern thought. A new attitude of man towards the world is born with him, a new conception of knowledge He called himself\ "homo without letters\," that is, different from the ducts of his time, for which all culture was based on the authority of scriptures, it was sacred texts or classical sources. For him there was only one way of knowing, experience: In his thought the miracle was phenomenon, the mystery problem And everything, in art as in science, was dubious, research. He served himself for the art of his scientific observations, of drawing for his investigation as a scientist. He was one of the first modern thinkers because he did not conceive of culture as a set of dogmatic certainties, but of problems to be investigated caption.
56 - detail and set of the\ "San Gerolamo\" in the desert
75 - a bronzetto, attributed to Leonardo, depicting a soaring horse
133 - the compact, plastic group of the four sacred figures
36 - a series of drawings depicting animal subjects carefully rendered to the particular.
99 - the famous leonardesco sheet with the graphic reproduction of a human fetus in the uterus
86 - details of the work: the hands, the expressive faces, the different attitudes of the bystanders
35 - focus of Leonean studies of botany with analytical descriptions of plants and flowers
140 - head study for the battle of Anghiari, black pencil drawing on paper
141 - other studies for the battle of Anghiari with fights of infantrymen, details of faces, violent clashes between knights
80 - the centerpiece of the work: the figure of Christ in the center of the cenacle
148 - the preparatory studies Leonardo performed for the painting, lost, entitled\ "Leda with the\ Swan"
171 - the\ "Madonna and child and saints\," pictorial work of the leonardesco Bernardino Luini
68 - the equestrian monument to Bartolomeo Colleoni in Venice, the work of the Verrocchio
94 - the faces and movements of the hands of the different groups of figures
37 - two leonardese sheets with rapid studies of moving figures
130 - together and details of the graphic portrait of Isabella d'Este
22 - the lively Leonardian studies for the, lost,\ "Madonna del Gatto\"
26 - comparison between a drawing by Botticelli and a drawing by Leonardo
15 - details of the painting: the hand of the angel; the landscape in the background beyond a dark fifth of aligned trees; the grass and the flowers of the meadow
54 - details of the work: the lion in the foreground and the penitent saint by the tense musculature of arms and face
188 - details of the aforementioned canvas, work of the first Titian
18 - focus of the effigy female figure, by the perfect and bright face
159 - a painting by Francesco Melzi entitled\ "Colombina\"
175 - the\ "Madonna and child and San Giovannino\" by a Florentine painter influenced by the lessons of Leonardo and Raphael
72 - the many Leonean studies of horses for the equestrian monuments, never performed, by Francesco Sforza and Gian Giacomo Trivulzio: Leonardo, in these preparatory drawings, investigates the anatomy, proportions and movements of the horse
41 - together and detail of a finished drawing with the portrait of an elderly man sitting three quarters
71 - a series of preparatory studies for an equestrian monument
189 -\ "the rest in the escape to Egypt\," pictorial masterpiece of the late '500 of the Caravaggio
157 - focus of the work: the ephebic face, with an enigmatic smile and a nuanced chiaroscuro, by the saint
146 - landscape detail of the leonardesca table
187 - the\ "concert Campestre\" by Titian, masterpiece of the Venetian Renaissance
105 - two finished drawings by Leonardo reproducing human faces from the loaded physiognomic strokes.
32 - together and detail of a handwritten and drawn page by Leonardo
96 - the corpus of the preparatory drawings, of the studies for the\ "last supper\": these are graphic works, more or less finished, in charcoal or red pencil, which document with how much care Leonardo studied the different physical and psychological motions of the figures
177 - detail of the work: the nuanced profile of the woman
73 - two leonardeschi sheets with ensemble compositional studies for a dynamic equestrian monument
111 - details of topographic maps of Tuscany by Leonardo's hand
51 - details of the work: the central figure of the Madonna and child; the ruined architectures and the clash of knights depicted in the background; the expressive faces of the figures participating in the epiphanical event
100 - other details of leonardemic anatomical studies with profiles and sections of human skulls
165 - the\ "Salvator Mundi\," painting by a Milanese follower of Leonardo: Marco D'Oggiono
45 - a study with three figures characterized by a tangle of graphic signs
66 - focus of the masterpiece in which to emerge are the leonardesco nuance and atmospheric perspective
2 - details and set of the red pencil self-portrait on paper
70 - details of the equestrian statue
69 - the monument taken from different angles
67 - the work as a whole
62 - focus of the portrait masterpiece
61 - the\ "checkers with the ermine\"
192 - details of the work caravaggesca with the dramatic scene of the sacrifice set in a night landscape and invested by an intense light that contr
36 - stages of manual realization of sophisticated flight apparatus
43 - Prodi comments on the phenomena of industrial modernisation and the repercussions on employment (in v.)
11 - workers follow ...automated steps in steel production
14 - Pirani continues the interview with Prodi, who explains the structure of the IRI and the development of turnover (provisional budget) of the Institute using maps and schemes on PC (in v.)
10 - control room with electronic equipment and TV screens
8 - Noce intervenes on the crisis of the Italian steel industry against the background of a plant, perhaps the Ilva di Taranto, and on the needs of industrial reconversion and displacement of the workforce (in v.)
13 - walnut illustrates the operation of the continuous casting machine (in v.) and other phases of steel processing
23 - statements by Marisa Bellisario on electronic and electromechanical technological applications to the telephony sector
40 - robot at work on the assembly line of the shells of the\ "Juliet\"
4 - in the hall there are, among other representatives of the government and public administration, Craxi and Ferrari Aggrads, Berlinguer
30 - fuselage of the Spacelab module and other appliances under construction
16 - Moscow explains to the microphone the technology of projects carried out for the us and Italian post offices
6 - among the managers of IRI inq Silvano Allevi, director of the administration department, Michele Tedeschi, head of personnel, Veniero Ajmone Marzan, director of office for studies and strategies
20 - central to the sip\ "Volta\": Elsag machinery for automatic meter reading, photographed at a speed of 200,000 digits per hour, and automatic bill packaging.
2 - on the headlines the voice of Bruno Vespa, Rai journalist, comments on the arrival of President Pertini at the IRI auditorium on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the foundation of the institute
42 - finishing operations are entrusted to the quality of human execution
26 - IRI offices in via Veneto: meeting with American astronauts returning from the Spacelab I mission
25 - continuation of the interview with Prodi (in v.) on new technologies and sectoral specialization in the test room
29 - interview with Cereti, head of Aeritalia ? in v.
22 - electromechanical control unit with cordons of wires
33 - drift of the 767 and other aeronautical structures of entirely Italian design, such as the ETR 42
18 - Moscow shows the camera a current account coupon for the payment of Irpef / Ilor fees compiled with manuscript alphabetical information
7 - Mario Pirani interview Prodi on the situation of IRI and Italian heavy industry (in v.)
15 - machinery automatically sorts mail with a speed of ten letters per second (i.e. 30,000 letters per hour) with automatic address reading.
1 - Romano Prodi's office at IRI: interview (in v.) on the debt situation and the need for employment cuts to ensure the survival of the Institute
9 - chimney chamber, silos and blast furnaces
5 - speech by Prodi (in v.)
41 - stages of human processing
39 - laser sheet cutting phases
35 - computer design videography
34 - air force tornado in flight
32 - biturbus airborne propeller
31 - aircraft portions G 222
27 - Prodi shakes hands with commander young
21 - Proteo UT electronics control unit 10 / 3
19 - stages of graphic processing
12 - technician follows data on monitor
37 - autochad machinery designs chassis designs.
3 - the head of state shakes hands with the dean of the diplomatic corps, the ministers Pandolfi and Spadolini, the president of the constitutional court Elia, and embraces the Cardinal vicar Poletti
38 - Moroni illustrates the technological novelties in the Alfa Romeo industry (in v.)
24 - Italtel (plant near Milan) workers work on electronic circuits
28 - sequences of a NASA film about the departure of the space mission
17 - automatic reading illustration for automated marshaling to postmen
1 - Ufficio di Romano Prodi all' IRI: intervista (in v.) sulla situazione debitoria e la necessità di tagli occupazionali per garantire la sopravvivenza dell'Istituto
2 - sui titoli di testa la voce di Bruno Vespa, giornalista RAI, commenta l'arrivo del presidente Pertini all'Auditorium Iri in occasione del 50° anniversario di fondazione dell'istituto
3 - il capo dello stato stringe la mano al decano del corpo diplomatico, ai ministri Pandolfi e Spadolini, al presidente della corte costituzionale Elia, ed abbraccia il cardinale vicario Poletti
4 - in sala sono presenti, tra gli altri esponenti del governo e della pubblica amministrazione, Craxi e Ferrari Aggradi, Berlinguer
5 - intervento di Prodi (in v.)
6 - tra i dirigenti dell'Iri inq Silvano Allevi, direttore del dipartimento Amministrazione, Michele Tedeschi, capo del personale, Veniero Ajmone Marzan, direttore Ufficio Studi e Strategie
7 - Mario Pirani intervista Prodi sulla situazione dell'IRI e dell'industria pesante italiana (in v.)
8 - Noce interviene sulla crisi dell'industria siderurgica italiana sullo sfondo di un stabilimento, forse l'Ilva di Taranto, e sulle necessità di riconversione industriale e di sfoltimento della forza lavoro (in v.)
9 - camera car ciminiere, silos e altiforni
10 - sala di controllo con apparecchiature elettroniche e schermi TV
11 - operai seguono fasi automatizzate della produzione siderurgica
12 - tecnico segue dati su monitor
13 - Noce illustra il funzionamento della macchina per la colata continua (in v.) e altre fasi della lavorazione siderurgica
14 - Pirani prosegue l'intervista a Prodi, che spiega la struttura dell'Iri e l'andamento del fatturato (bilancio provvisorio) dell'Istituto avvalendosi di cartine e schemi su PC (in v.)
15 - macchinario smista automaticamente la posta con una velocità di dieci lettere al secondo (vale a dire 30.000 lettere all'ora) con lettura automatica degli indirizzi
16 - Mosca spiega al microfono la tecnologia dei progetti realizzati per le poste statunitensi e quelle italiane
17 - illustrazione della lettura automatica per lo smistamento automatizzato ai portalettere
18 - Mosca mostra alla telecamera un tagliando di conto corrente per il versamento delle tasse Irpef / Ilor compilate con informazioni alfabetonumeriche manoscritte
19 - fasi dell'elaborazione grafica
20 - Centrale della Sip "Volta": macchinario Elsag per la lettura automatica dei contatori, fotografati alla velocità di 200.000 cifre l'ora, e la confezione automatica delle bollette
21 - centralina elettronica Proteo UT 10/3
22 - centralina elettromeccanica con cordoni di fili
23 - dichiarazioni di Marisa Bellisario sulle applicazioni tecnologiche elettroniche ed elettromeccaniche al settore della telefonia
24 - lavoratrici dell'Italtel (stabilimento nei pressi di Milano) lavorano su circuiti elettronici
25 - prosecuzione dell'intervista a Prodi (in v.) sulle nuove tecnologie e la specializzazione settoriale in sala test
26 - uffici Iri di via Veneto: incontro con gli astronauti americani di ritorno dalla missione Spacelab I
27 - Prodi stringe la mano al comandante Young
28 - sequenze di un film Nasa sulla partenza della missione spaziale
29 - intervista a Cereti, responsabile Aeritalia ? in v.
30 - fusoliera del modulo Spacelab ed altri apparecchi in costruzione
31 - porzioni di aereo G 222
32 - velivolo biturbo elica da trasporto in volo
33 - deriva del 767 e altre strutture aeronautiche di progettazione interamente italiana, come l'ETR 42
34 - Tornado dell'Aeronautica militare in volo
35 - videografica di progettazione su computer
36 - fasi della realizzazione manuale dei sofisticati apparecchi di volo
37 - macchinario autocad disegna progetti di chassis
38 - Moroni illustra le novità tecnologiche nell'industria Alfa Romeo (in v.)
39 - fasi del taglio laser delle lamiere
40 - robot al lavoro sulla linea di assemblaggio delle scocche della "Giulietta"
41 - fasi della lavorazione umana
42 - le operazioni di rifinitura sono affidate alla qualità dell'esecuzione umana
43 - Prodi commenta i fenomeni della modernizzazione industriale e le ripercussioni sull'occupazione (in v.)
•13 drinking water treatment plants in 11 European and Asian countries were assessed•115 organic micropollutants were detected in raw water and drinking water•Removal efficiency of organic ...micropollutants varied greatly between plants•208 features were detected using suspect screening and three confirmed with standards•Removal efficiency was correlated for target compounds and suspect features
There is growing worry that drinking water can be affected by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), potentially threatening human health. In this study, a wide range of CECs (n = 177), including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and other compounds, were analysed in raw water and in drinking water collected from drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in Europe and Asia (n = 13). The impact of human activities was reflected in large numbers of compounds detected (n = 115) and high variation in concentrations in the raw water (range 15-7995 ng L−1 for ∑177CECs). The variation was less pronounced in drinking water, with total concentration ranging from 35 to 919 ng L−1. Treatment efficiency was on average 65 ± 28%, with wide variation between different DWTPs. The DWTP with the highest ∑CEC concentrations in raw water had the most efficient treatment procedure (average treatment efficiency 89%), whereas the DWTP with the lowest ∑177CEC concentration in the raw water had the lowest average treatment efficiency (2.3%). Suspect screening was performed for 500 compounds ranked high as chemicals of concern for drinking water, using a prioritisation tool (SusTool). Overall, 208 features of interest were discovered and three were confirmed with reference standards. There was co-variation between removal efficiency in DWTPs for the target compounds and the suspected features detected using suspect screening, implying that removal of known contaminants can be used to predict overall removal of potential CECs for drinking water production. Our results can be of high value for DWTPs around the globe in their planning for future treatment strategies to meet the increasing concern about human exposure to unknown CECs present in their drinking water.
This study summarises research progress to identify appropriate quality methodologies for representing, interpreting, and modelling complex contexts such as the Claudian Aqueduct in the Appian Way ...Archaeological Park. The goal is to intrinsically integrate (embed) geometric survey (Laser scanning and photogrammetric) with the materials and construction techniques (Stratigraphic Units—SU), semantic models in order to support the design with a better understanding of the artefact considered, and also to give indications that can be implemented in the future in a continuous cognitive process. Volume stratigraphic units in the form of architectural drawings, heritage building information modelling (HBIM) and extended reality (XR) environments have been oriented to comparative analyses based on the research case study’s complex morphology. Analysis of geometries’ intersection, construction techniques and materials open up new cognitive scenarios, self-feeding a progressive knowledge and making different studies correlatable, avoiding diaspora or incommunicability. Finally, an extended reality (XR) platform aims to enhance tangible and intangible values through new human-computer interaction and information sharing levels.
We study the impact of the interplay between the structure of the financial network and market conditions on financial stability in the European banking system. We capture two channels of financial ...contagion. The first channel concerns direct interconnectedness, via a network of interbank loans, banks’ loans to other corporate and retail clients, and securities holdings. The second channel concerns indirect interconnectedness, via overlapping exposures to common asset classes. To assess the impact of contagion, we apply the structural valuation model NEVA, in which common shocks to banks’ external assets are reflected in a consistent way in the market value of banks’ mutual liabilities through the network of obligations. Applying the model to a unique supervisory data set collected by the European Central Bank that covers 26 large banks in the euro area we identify a strongly non-linear relationship between diversification of exposures, shock size, and losses due to interbank contagion. We also demonstrate the potential for contagion effects to amplify first-round stress test results due to interconnectedness. Finally, we provide insights into the potential impact of more diversified versus more domestic portfolio allocation strategies on the propagation of contagion, which are relevant to policy discussions about international risk sharing, for instance, in the context of the EU Capital Market Union.
•Study effects on financial stability of climate transition risk and market conditions.•Extend the climate stress-test framework to the network of banks and investment funds.•Derive analytical ...results to identify key drivers for climate transition risk.•Application to a unique supervisory dataset (Mexico) in a wide range of scenarios.•Strong market conditions allow to reach ambitious climate targets at low risk level.
We analyze the effects on financial stability of the interplay between climate transition risk and market conditions, such as recovery rate and asset price volatility. To this end, we extend the framework of the climate stress-test of the financial system by including an ex-ante network valuation of financial assets which accounts for asset price volatility as well as for endogenous recovery rate on interbank assets. Moreover, we also consider the dynamics of indirect contagion of banks and investment funds, which are key players in the low carbon transition, via exposures to the same asset classes. We derive some analytical results and we apply the model to a unique supervisory dataset in a range of climate policy scenarios and market conditions. In the event of a disorderly low-carbon transition, stronger market conditions allow to reach more ambitious climate policies at the same level of financial risk.
Approximately 75,000 tons of different sea urchin species are globally harvested for their edible gonads. Applying a circular economy approach, we have recently demonstrated that non-edible parts of ...the Mediterranean Sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus can be fully valorized into high-value products: antioxidant pigments (polyhydroxynaphthoquinones—PHNQs) and fibrillar collagen can be extracted to produce innovative biomaterials for biomedical applications. Can waste from other edible sea urchin species (e.g., Sphaerechinus granularis) be similarly valorised? A comparative study on PHNQs and collagen extraction was conducted. PHNQ extraction yields were compared, pigments were quantified and identified, and antioxidant activities were assessed (by ABTS assay) and correlated to specific PHNQ presence (i.e., spinochrome E). Similarly, collagen extraction yields were evaluated, and the resulting collagen-based biomaterials were compared in terms of their ultrastructure, degradation kinetics, and resistance to compression. Results showed a partially similar PHNQ profile in both species, with significantly higher yield in P. lividus, while S. granularis exhibited better antioxidant activity. P. lividus samples showed higher collagen extraction yield, but S. granularis scaffolds showed higher stability. In conclusion, waste from different species can be successfully valorised through PHNQ and collagen extraction, offering diverse applications in the biomedical field, according to specific technical requirements.
CD (coeliac disease) is a frequent autoimmune disorder of the small bowel, which is characterized by an immunological reaction against gluten and transglutaminase in genetically predisposed subjects. ...However, the molecular determinants underpinning CD pathogenesis are yet to be fully elucidated and little data are available about the involvement of miRNAs (microRNAs) in CD. In the present study, the duodenal mucosa miRNA expression was profiled in adult untreated CD presenting with a classic phenotype or iron-deficiency anaemia, treated patients with or without duodenal normalization, and non-CD subjects as controls. Deregulation of seven miRNAs (miR-31-5p, miR-192-3p, miR-194-5p, miR-551a, miR-551b-5p, miR-638 and miR-1290) was determined in a larger series of CD patients with different clinical phenotypes compared with non-CD subjects. These seven microRNAs were then analysed in duodenal fibroblasts obtained from CD patients and incubated with gliadin peptides (13- and 33-mer). The miRNA cluster miR-192/194, involved in matrix remodelling, was deregulated in CD according to the different clinical presentations, and miR-192-3p levels were modulated by gliadin peptides in vitro. In conclusion, the analysis of miRNAs deserves further consideration for its potential use in the treatment and management of CD.
Background
At present, the impact of obesity on short-term outcomes of general surgery remains controversial, especially in the field of laparoscopy. Most studies on the subject have used the body ...mass index (BMI) to define obesity without distinguishing between visceral and subcutaneous storage. Computed tomography (CT) volumetric analysis permits accurate evaluation of site-specific volume of adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was to compare CT volumetric fat parameters and the BMI for predicting short-term outcomes of colon surgery.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted of 231 consecutive patients undergoing elective colon resection, with open or laparoscopic technique, from January 2007 to April 2009. CT volumetric quantification of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue was performed. Intraoperative and perioperative data were collected.
Results
A total of 187 patients were enrolled. BMI showed a direct correlation with fat volumetric parameters but not with the visceral/subcutaneous fat ratio. Operating time was correlated with subcutaneous fat storage and BMI in the laparoscopic right colectomy subgroup. No associations were found with the conversion rate. Length of the hospital stay was correlated with the visceral/subcutaneous fat ratio in the laparoscopic left colectomy subgroup. Whereas the overall postoperative complication rate and mortality were not associated with fat parameters, the postoperative surgical complication rate was associated with visceral volumetric parameters in the laparoscopic left colectomy subgroup.
Conclusions
Short-term outcomes of colon surgery are better predicted by fat volumetric parameters than by the BMI. This study has provided new elements for discussion on the impact of visceral and subcutaneous adiposity in laparoscopic and traditional colon surgery.
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