Studies examining the relation between bone mineral density (BMD) and fruit and vegetable consumption during adolescence are rare.
Our objective was to determine whether usual fruit and vegetable ...intakes reported by adolescents have any influence on BMD.
BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the nondominant forearm and dominant heel in a random sample of 12-y-old boys (n = 324), 12-y-old girls (n = 378), 15-y-old boys (n = 274), and 15-y-old girls (n = 369). Usual fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed by an interviewer-administered diet history method. Relations between BMD and fruit and vegetable intake were assessed by using regression modeling.
Using multiple linear regression to adjust for the potential confounding influence of physical and lifestyle factors, we observed that 12-y-old girls consuming high amounts of fruit had significantly higher heel BMD (β = 0.037; 95% CI: 0.017, 0.056) than did the moderate fruit consumers. No other associations were observed.
High intakes of fruit may be important for bone health in girls. It is possible that fruit's alkaline-forming properties mediate the body's acid-base balance. However, intervention studies are required to confirm the findings of this observational study.
Twenty-six men and women with recurrent genital herpes maintained diaries of their symptoms and signs of infection and submitted 6,515 self-collected cultures during a one-year study of acyclovir ...therapy. As compared with periods before or after treatment, the mean rates of experiencing symptoms or lesions, and of shedding virus were significantly lower during treatment. Acyclovir treatment reduced the rate of symptomatic shedding from 95 positive cultures to six per 1,000 cultures, but the rate of asymptomatic shedding remained relatively constant, averaging eight per 1,000 cultures. Among the isolates of herpes simplex virus studied, there was no differences in sensitivity to acyclovir between strains recovered on or off therapy or during symptomatic or asymptomatic recurrences. The endonuclease cleavage profiles of asymptomatically shed viruses were essentially the same as those of the symptomatically shed viruses from the same individual. Chronic acyclovir therapy significantly reduced the symptoms and signs of recurrent genital herpes but did not eliminate virus shedding, nor, therefore, the possibility of disease transmission.
The potential utility of intermittent regimens of oral acyclovir for suppression of recurrent genital herpes depends on how long the suppressive effect of the drug persists during pauses in ...treatment. To study this question, we admitted 38 patients in a double-blind controlled trial comparing the results of daily acyclovir treatment (200 mg t.i.d.) with treatment on weekend days only (400 mg t.i.d. on Saturday and Sunday) for suppression of recurrent genital herpes. Of the 35 patients completing the study, significantly more failures occurred in the weekend group (13/17) than in the daily group (3/18, P less than 0.001). Failures on the weekend regimen were more frequent as the week progressed (P = 0.005). The findings suggest a short-term persistence of suppression by acyclovir and hence that intermittent regimens with more closely spaced periods of treatment may be more effective than the regimen we studied. Most virus isolates studied, including all of those isolated from the patients during treatment, were sensitive to acyclovir.
The XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) is a serendipitous search for galaxy clusters using all publicly available data in the XMM-Newton Science Archive. Its main aims are to measure cosmological parameters ...and trace the evolution of X-ray scaling relations. In this paper we present the first data release from the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS-DR1). This consists of 503 optically confirmed, serendipitously detected, X-ray clusters. Of these clusters, 255 are new to the literature and 356 are new X-ray discoveries. We present 464 clusters with a redshift estimate (0.06 < z < 1.46), including 261 clusters with spectroscopic redshifts. In addition, we have measured X-ray temperatures (Tx) for 402 clusters (0.4 < Tx < 14.7 keV). We highlight seven interesting subsamples of XCS-DR1 clusters: (i) 10 clusters at high redshift (z > 1.0, including a new spectroscopically-confirmed cluster at z = 1.01); (ii) 67 clusters with high Tx (> 5 keV); (iii) 131 clusters/groups with low Tx (< 2 keV); (iv) 27 clusters with measured Tx values in the SDSS `Stripe 82' co-add region; (v) 78 clusters with measured Tx values in the Dark Energy Survey region; (vi) 40 clusters detected with sufficient counts to permit mass measurements (under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium); (vii) 105 clusters that can be used for applications such as the derivation of cosmological parameters and the measurement of cluster scaling relations. The X-ray analysis methodology used to construct and analyse the XCS-DR1 cluster sample has been presented in a companion paper, Lloyd-Davies et al. (2010).
IMO clears up MyTravel issue
International Financial Law Review,
09/2009
Magazine Article, Trade Publication Article
The recent English High Court judgment relating to the restructuring of IMO Car Wash is a landmark for the industry. Justice Mann sanctioned schemes of arrangement for companies in the IMO group, the ...world's largest car wash company, clarifying in the process certain of the issues surrounding valuation that had been left open in the earlier MyTravel case. In particular, it is now clear that a "going concern" valuation rather than a "break up/liquidation" valuation is appropriate for assessing the respective interests of competing creditors in disputed restructurings of this type. However, there remains doubt as to how a going concern valuation is to be assessed as each case will turn on its specific facts.
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