This study reports the role of graphene in improving the mechanical and electrical properties of TiO2/graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) composite. Graphene oxide (GO), as a precursor was used with ...varying concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%. The GO was being reduced simultaneously with the TiO2 matrix, providing uniform distribution of rGO nanoplatelets among the matrix particles. Spark plasma sintering technique (SPS) was used for sintering initial powder of the TiO2/rGO composite. Alongside the sintering of the powder, SPS induces rGO transformation to graphene nanoplatelets at high temperatures and provides the densification of TiO2/GNPs as a final composition. Morphology and microstructure of prepared samples were characterized by XRD and SEM. Density and microstructural studies were used to determine the sintering quality and compared to the theoretical density of TiO2 and TiO2/GNPs composites. Vickers microhardness method was used to calculate hardness and fracture toughness depending on the crack propagation alongside the indentations. The two-probe method was applied to study the electrical conductivity by resistance measurement. The results indicated that there was a significant change in the structural and physical properties of TiO2/GNPs composites. The rGO takes an important role as a grain growth inhibitor, acting as the barrier for crack propagation and leading to increased fracture toughness. Thus, GNPs can be considered as a good reinforcement for titanium dioxide ceramic in order to improve the material's brittleness and electrical conductivity without adversely affecting its microhardness.
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•Graphene nanoplatelets were chosen to improve morphology, fracture toughness, and electrical conductivity of the TiO2.•The TiO2 composite with 1wt% of GNPs shows 4.5 times increased fracture toughness compared to the pure TiO2.•The TiO2/GNPs composite shows a high degree of anisotropic electrical conductivity due to uniaxial compression.•The TiO2/GNPs 1wt% composite shows anisotropically increased electrical conductivity.
The performance of the CMS Level-1 Trigger for supersymmetric events at an LHC luminosity of 2 x 1033 cm-2s-1 is reviewed. Energy and momentum trigger thresholds have been chosen to yield a maximum ...Level-1 output rate of 50 kHz, within a safety factor of three. The Level-1 trigger efficiencies for the majority of the channels studied are found to be greater than 90%, which provides a good basis for the High-Level Trigger, where more stringent conditions are applied. Reasons for occasional lower efficiencies are given.
It is considered that origins of the sterility in approximately 25% couples are immune factors. Among them, most important role has autoimmune factors. Unfortunately, many issues of their appearance, ...influence and especially treatment are not clear and investigated. Aim of our research was to study the medicinal effect of the medication fertilogen in the treatment of the sterile couples with autoimmune genesis of the disease. 41 couples and 15 women aged from 17 to 43 with the diagnosis of the sterility of the autoimmune genesis, with the duration of the disease from 1 to 13 years were under our observation during one and a half year. From the autoimmune factors in the blood, sperm and cervical mucus of the probands were studied antisperma (ASA), antiovarial (AOA) and antizonapelucide (AZPA) antibodies. We explained absence of results after sterility treatment in these patients, as the consequence of the autoimmune problems. Decision was made to treat these patients with the medication fertilogen. Analysis of the results showed statistical proof of the decline of the titer of ASA in women (in the blood and cervical mucus) as well as in men (in the blood and sperm), and decline of AOA and AZPA in 2.4% and 0.7% of the observed patients. In the observed men, there was very positive dynamics; there was decline of the leicosists in the sperm. Along with the patterns of growth in the speed of the spermatozoid's movement were average as well as maximal (r=0.59), so there was increase in the chances of fertilization (R=0.32). Apart from that 29 (54%) from 56 women during the period of 1-6 month of the treatment became pregnant. On the basis of the received clinical data, medication fertilogen developed and offered by Mrs. L. Rurua in 2008, could be considered as an effective clinical mean which "leads out" inflammatory scrap from the sperm and "removes" auto aggression. It is possible to recommend for the introduction in the reproductive, urological and andrological medical practice.
The dependence of dijet production on the virtuality of the exchanged photon, Q2, has been studied by measuring dijet cross sections in the range \(0 \lesssim Q^2 < 2000 {\;\rm GeV}^2\) with the ZEUS ...detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb-1. Dijet cross sections were measured for jets with transverse energy \(E_T^{\rm jet} > 7.5\) and 6.5 GeV and pseudorapidities in the photon-proton centre-of-mass frame in the range \(-3 < \eta^{\rm jet} < 0\). The variable \(x^{\rm obs}_{\gamma}\), a measure of the photon momentum entering the hard process, was used to enhance the sensitivity of the measurement to the photon structure. The Q2 dependence of the ratio of low- to high- \(\smashb x^{\rm obs}_{\gamma} \) events was measured. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions were found to generally underestimate the low- \(\smasht x^{\rm obs}_{\gamma} \) contribution relative to that at high \(\smasht x^{\rm obs}_{\gamma} \). Monte Carlo models based on leading-logarithmic parton-showers, using a partonic structure for the photon which falls smoothly with increasing Q2, provide a qualitative description of the data.
Phys.Rev.D60:035008,1999 We study the dependence on $\tan\beta$ of the event kinematics of final
states with $e^+e^- /\mu^+\mu^- /e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp} + E_T^{\rm miss} + jets$, as
expected in $pp$ ...collisions at CERN LHC, within the framework of the minimal
supergravity model. With increase of $\tan\beta$, the third generation
sparticle masses $m_{\tilde{\tau}_1}$ and $m_{\tilde{b}_1}$ decrease due to the
increase of the tau and bottom Yukawa couplings. As a result, gluino, stop,
sbottom, chargino and neutralino decays to third generation particles and
sparticles are enhanced. With $\tan\beta$ rising, we observe a characteristic
change in the shape of the dilepton mass spectra in $e^+e^- /\mu^+\mu^-
+E_T^{\rm miss} + jets$ versus $e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp} + E_T^{\rm miss} + jets$ final
states, reflecting the presence of the decays $\tilde{\chi}_2^0\to
\tilde{\ell}_{L,R}^{\pm}\ell^{\mp}\to \tilde{\chi}_1^0 \ell^+\ell^-,
\tilde{\chi}_2^0\to \tilde{\chi}_1^0 \ell^+\ell^-$ and $\tilde{\chi}_2^0\to
\tilde{\tau}^{\pm}_1\tau^{\mp}\to \tilde{\chi}_1^0 \tau^+ \tau^-$,
$\tilde{\chi}_2^0\to \tau^+ \tau^- \tilde{\chi}_1^0$, respectively. We exploit
this effect for constraining the value of $\tan\beta$.
Phys.Rev.D58:095010,1998 We analyse the events with two same-flavour, opposite-sign leptons +
$E_T^{miss}$ + (jets) as expected in pp collisions at LHC within the framework
of the minimal ...Supergravity Model. The objective is the determination of the
parameters m_0 and m_{1/2} of this model (for a given value of $\tan\beta$).
The signature $l^+ l^- + E_T^{miss}$ + (jets) selects the leptonic decays of
$\tilde{\chi}^0_2$, $\tilde{\chi}^0_2 \to \tilde{\chi}^0_1 l^+ l^- $,
$\tilde{\chi}^0_2 \to \tilde{l}_{L,R}^{\pm} l^{\mp} \to \tilde{\chi}^0_1 l^+
l^-$. We exploit the fact that the invariant dilepton mass distribution has a
pronounced structure with a sharp edge at the kinematical endpoint even in such
an inclusive final state over a significant part of parameter space. We
determine the domain of parameter space where the edge is expected to be
visible. We show that a measurement of this edge already constrains the model
parameters essentially to three lines in the ($m_0, m_{1/2}$) parameter plane.
We work out a strategy to discriminate between the three-body leptonic decays
of $\tilde{\chi}^0_2$ and the decays into sleptons $\tilde{l}_{L,R}$. This
procedure may make it possible to get information on SUSY particle masses
already with low luminosity, L_{int}=10^3 pb^{-1}.
We study the dependence on \(\tan\beta\) of the event kinematics of final states with \(e^+e^- /\mu^+\mu^- /e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp} + E_T^{\rm miss} + jets\), as expected in \(pp\) collisions at CERN LHC, ...within the framework of the minimal supergravity model. With increase of \(\tan\beta\), the third generation sparticle masses \(m_{\tilde{\tau}_1}\) and \(m_{\tilde{b}_1}\) decrease due to the increase of the tau and bottom Yukawa couplings. As a result, gluino, stop, sbottom, chargino and neutralino decays to third generation particles and sparticles are enhanced. With \(\tan\beta\) rising, we observe a characteristic change in the shape of the dilepton mass spectra in \(e^+e^- /\mu^+\mu^- +E_T^{\rm miss} + jets\) versus \(e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp} + E_T^{\rm miss} + jets\) final states, reflecting the presence of the decays \(\tilde{\chi}_2^0\to \tilde{\ell}_{L,R}^{\pm}\ell^{\mp}\to \tilde{\chi}_1^0 \ell^+\ell^-, \tilde{\chi}_2^0\to \tilde{\chi}_1^0 \ell^+\ell^-\) and \(\tilde{\chi}_2^0\to \tilde{\tau}^{\pm}_1\tau^{\mp}\to \tilde{\chi}_1^0 \tau^+ \tau^-\), \(\tilde{\chi}_2^0\to \tau^+ \tau^- \tilde{\chi}_1^0\), respectively. We exploit this effect for constraining the value of \(\tan\beta\).
We analyse the events with two same-flavour, opposite-sign leptons + \(E_T^{miss}\) + (jets) as expected in pp collisions at LHC within the framework of the minimal Supergravity Model. The objective ...is the determination of the parameters m_0 and m_{1/2} of this model (for a given value of \(\tan\beta\)). The signature \(l^+ l^- + E_T^{miss}\) + (jets) selects the leptonic decays of \(\tilde{\chi}^0_2\), \(\tilde{\chi}^0_2 \to \tilde{\chi}^0_1 l^+ l^- \), \(\tilde{\chi}^0_2 \to \tilde{l}_{L,R}^{\pm} l^{\mp} \to \tilde{\chi}^0_1 l^+ l^-\). We exploit the fact that the invariant dilepton mass distribution has a pronounced structure with a sharp edge at the kinematical endpoint even in such an inclusive final state over a significant part of parameter space. We determine the domain of parameter space where the edge is expected to be visible. We show that a measurement of this edge already constrains the model parameters essentially to three lines in the (\(m_0, m_{1/2}\)) parameter plane. We work out a strategy to discriminate between the three-body leptonic decays of \(\tilde{\chi}^0_2\) and the decays into sleptons \(\tilde{l}_{L,R}\). This procedure may make it possible to get information on SUSY particle masses already with low luminosity, L_{int}=10^3 pb^{-1}.
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