Small cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is an extremely rare, aggressive cancer affecting children and young women. We identified germline and somatic inactivating mutations ...in the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling gene SMARCA4 in 75% (9/12) of SCCOHT cases in addition to SMARCA4 protein loss in 82% (14/17) of SCCOHT tumors but in only 0.4% (2/485) of other primary ovarian tumors. These data implicate SMARCA4 in SCCOHT oncogenesis.
Partial immunity and SARS-CoV-2 mutations Hanage, William P; Russell, Colin A
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
04/2021, Letnik:
372, Številka:
6540
Journal Article
ABSTRACT
We present a new catalogue of radio sources in the face-on spiral galaxy M83. Radio observations taken in 2011, 2015, and 2017 with the Australia Telescope Compact Array at 5.5 and 9 GHz ...have detected 270 radio sources. Although a small number of these sources are background extragalactic sources, most are either H ii regions or supernova remnants (SNRs) within M83 itself. Three of the six historical supernovae are detected, as is the very young remnant that had been identified in a recent study, which is likely the result of a supernova that exploded in the last ∼100 yr but was missed. All of these objects are generally fading with time. Confusion limits our ability to measure the radio emission from a number of the SNRs in M83, but 64 were detected in unconfused regions, and these have the approximate power-law luminosity function that has been observed in other galaxies. The SNRs in M83 are systematically smaller in diameter and brighter than those that have been detected at radio wavelengths in M33. A number of the radio sources are coincident with X-ray sources in M83; most of these coincident sources turn out to be SNRs. Our dual frequency observations are among the most sensitive to date for a spiral galaxy outside the Local Group; despite this we were not able to place realistic constraints on the spectral indices, and as a result, it was not possible to search for SNRs based on their radio properties alone.
A New Microquasar Candidate in M83 Soria, Roberto; Blair, William P.; Long, Knox S. ...
Astrophysical journal/The Astrophysical journal,
01/2020, Letnik:
888, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Microquasars are neutron star or black hole X-ray binaries with jets. These jets can create bubbles of hot plasma shock ionized that can masquerade as peculiar supernova remnants (SNRs) in ...extragalactic surveys. To see if this is the case in the well-studied spiral galaxy M83, where one microquasar candidate (M83-MQ1) has already been identified, we studied the properties of nine SNR candidates, selected because of their elongated or irregular morphology, from the set of previously identified SNRs in that galaxy. Using multiwavelength data from Chandra, the Hubble Space Telescope, Gemini, and the Australia Telescope Compact Array, we found that at least six of our nine sources are best interpreted as SNRs. For one source, we do not have enough observational data to explain its linear morphology. Another source shows a nebular optical spectrum dominated by photoionization by O stars, but its excess Fe ii and radio luminosity suggest a possible hidden SNR. Finally, one source (S2) shows an elongated structure of ionized gas, two radio sources along that line, and an accretion-powered X-ray source in between them (the Chandra source L14-139). While S2 could be a chance alignment of multiple SNRs and one X-ray binary, it seems more likely that it is a single physical structure powered by the jet from the accreting compact object. In the latter case, the size and luminosity of S2 suggest a kinetic power of ∼1040 erg s−1, in the same class as the most powerful microquasars in the local universe (e.g., S26 in NGC 7793 and SS 433 in our own Galaxy).
ABSTRACT
Low-redshift strong-lensing galaxies can provide robust measurements of the stellar mass-to-light ratios in early-type galaxies (ETGs), and hence constrain variations in the stellar initial ...mass function (IMF). At present, only a few such systems are known. Here, we report the first results from a blind search for gravitationally lensed emission-line sources behind 52 massive z < 0.07 ETGs with Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integral field spectroscopy. For 16 galaxies, new observations were acquired, whilst the other 36 were analysed from archival data. This project has previously yielded one confirmed galaxy-scale strong lens (J0403−0239) that we report in an earlier paper. J0403−0239 has since received follow-up observations, presented here, which indicate support for our earlier IMF results. Three cluster-scale, and hence dark-matter-dominated, lensing systems were also discovered (central galaxies of A4059, A2052, and AS555). For nine further galaxies, we detect a singly imaged but closely projected source within 6 arcsec (including one candidate with sources at three different redshifts); such cases can be exploited to derive upper limits on the IMF mass-excess factor, α. Combining the new lens and new upper limits, with the previously discovered systems, we infer an average 〈α〉 = 1.06 ± 0.08 (marginalized over the intrinsic scatter), which is inconsistent with a Salpeter-like IMF (α = 1.55) at the 6σ level. We test the detection threshold in these short-exposure MUSE observations with the injection and recovery of simulated sources, and predict that one in 25 observations is expected to yield a new strong-lens system. Our observational results are consistent with this expected yield.
Safety and efficacy of budesonide multimatrix, an oral extended-release second-generation corticosteroid designed for targeted delivery throughout the colon, were examined for induction of remission ...in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis refractory to baseline mesalamine therapy.
A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial evaluated efficacy and safety of budesonide multimatrix for induction of remission ulcerative colitis disease activity index score ≥ 4 and ≤ 10 in 510 adults randomised to once-daily oral budesonide multimatrix 9 mg or placebo for 8 weeks. Patients continued baseline treatment with oral mesalamine ≥ 2.4 g/day.
Combined clinical and endoscopic remission at Week 8 was achieved by 13.0% and 7.5% of patients receiving budesonide multimatrix n = 230 or placebo n = 228, respectively, in the modified intention-to-treat population p = 0.049. Clinical remission ulcerative colitis disease activity index rectal bleeding and stool frequency subscale scores of 0 was similar in both groups p = 0.70. More patients receiving budesonide multimatrix vs placebo achieved endoscopic remission ulcerative colitis disease activity index mucosal appearance subscale score of 0; 20.0% vs 12.3%; p = 0.02 and histological healing 27.0% vs 17.5%; p = 0.02. Adverse event rates were similar budesonide multimatrix, 31.8%; placebo, 27.1%. Mean morning cortisol concentrations decreased at Weeks 2, 4, and 8 with budesonide multimatrix but remained within the normal range.
Budesonide multimatrix was safe and efficacious for inducing clinical and endoscopic remission for mild to moderate ulcerative colitis refractory to oral mesalamine therapy.
Integrative systemic therapy (IST) is a meta‐theoretical perspective, grounded in systemic theory and integration, that transcends therapy models in individual, couple, and family therapy. To foster ...supervisees’ theoretical integration and systemic thinking, two of IST’s primary tools—the essence diagram and blueprint—are described and applied to inform an integrative, systemic meta‐perspective for supervision. Recommendations, specific guiding questions, and examples are provided to operationalize these tools in the multi‐level supervision system (i.e., supervisor–supervisee–client system). IST supervisors and other supervisors who are interested in integrative, systemic training can use these tools to guide the process of supervision and strengthen supervisees’ ability to hypothesize, plan, converse, and read clients’ feedback in relation to the various tasks of therapy. The essence diagram and blueprint are applied to facilitate case consultation and cultivate the development of supervisees’ clinical competencies. Particularly, the problem‐solving focus of IST has been adapted to include a competency‐based and professional growth‐oriented dimension for supervision to better promote supervisees’ development. Lastly, the advantages and challenges of IST‐influenced supervision are discussed.
Resumen
La terapia sistémica integral (TSI) es una perspectiva metateórica basada en la teoría sistémica y la integración, que trasciende los modelos de terapia en la terapia individual, de pareja y familiar. Para fomentar la integración teórica de los supervisados y el pensamiento sistémico, se describen y se aplican dos de las herramientas principales de la TSI—el diagrama del eje y el diseño— a fin de respaldar una metaperspectiva integradora y sistémica de la supervisión. Se ofrecen recomendaciones, preguntas orientadoras específicas y ejemplos para poner en funcionamiento estas herramientas en el sistema de supervisión multinivel (p. ej.: sistema supervisor‐supervisado‐paciente). Los supervisores de la TSI y otros supervisores que estén interesados en la capacitación integradora y sistémica pueden usar estas herramientas para guiar el proceso de supervisión y fortalecer la capacidad de los supervisados para plantear hipótesis, planificar, conversar y leer los comentarios de los pacientes en relación con las diferentes tareas de la terapia. El diagrama del eje y el diseño se aplican para facilitar la consulta de casos y cultivar el desarrollo de las competencias clínicas de los supervisados. Particularmente, se ha adaptado el eje de resolución de problemas de la TSI para incluir una dimensión basada en competencias y orientada al crecimiento profesional a fin de que la supervisión promueva mejor el desarrollo de los supervisados. Por último, se comentan las ventajas y las dificultades de la supervisión influida por la TSI.
摘要
合系统疗法(IST)是以系统理论和融合为基础的元理论视角，超越了个体、伴侣和家庭治疗的治疗模式。为了培养接受指导的学员治疗师其理论整合思维和系统思维，本文描述并应用IST的两个主要工具——本质图和蓝图——来提供一个综合性的、系统的督导元视角。为这些工具在多级督导系统(即督导师‐被督导咨询师‐来访者系统)中的运作提供了建议、具体的指导问题和实例。IST督导师和其他对整合、系统的培训感兴趣的督导者可以使用这些工具来指导督导的过程，并加强被指导的学员治疗师针对不同治疗任务进行假设、计划、交谈方面的能力，以及理解来访者反馈的能力。本质图和蓝图应用于协助个案督导，培养接受指导的学员的临床治疗能力。特别是，为了学员的发展，IST以解决问题为治疗的重点，在督导中被调整为以发展能力为主、以专业成长为导向的督导维度。最后，讨论了IST督导的优势和挑战。
Relatively small fluctuations in the surface energy balance and evapotranspiration in semiarid and arid regions can be indicative of significant changes to ecosystem health. Therefore, it is ...imperative to have approaches for monitoring surface fluxes in these regions. The remote sensing‐based two‐source energy balance (TSEB) model is a suitable method for flux estimation over sparsely vegetated semiarid and arid landscapes since it explicitly considers surface energy flux contributions from soil and vegetation. However, previous studies indicate that TSEB generally underestimates sensible heat flux (H) and hence overestimates latent heat flux (LE) or evapotranspiration for these regions unless soil resistance coefficients are modified based on additional ground information. In this study, TSEB is applied over semiarid and arid regions on three continents using the original soil resistance formulation with modified coefficients and a recently developed physically based soil resistance formulation. Model sensitivity analysis demonstrates the high sensitivity of TSEB with original soil resistance formulation to soil resistance coefficients, while TSEB with the new soil resistance formulation has relatively low sensitivity to uncertainties in all coefficients. The performance of TSEB using different soil resistance formulations is evaluated by comparing modeled H against eddy covariance measurements in six semiarid and arid study sites and ranking the error statistics. Our results indicate that incorporating the new soil resistance formulation into TSEB would enhance its utility in flux estimation over heterogeneous landscapes by obviating its reliance on semiempirical coefficients and thus provide more robust fluxes over sparsely vegetated regions without model calibration and/or parameter tuning.
Key Points
A new soil resistance formulation has been integrated into the two‐source energy balance (TSEB) model
The new soil resistance formulation has low sensitivity to uncertainty in model coefficients
With the new soil resistance formulation implemented in TSEB, model output of sensible heat flux was in good agreement with measurements in heterogeneous semiarid and arid regions
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