Spiritual well-being is a recognized predictor of health-related quality of life in palliative patients. No research in Croatia has yet addressed this field. This study, the first of its kind in ...Croatia, validated a Croatian translation of the EORTC QLQ-SWB32 measure of spiritual well-being with curative Croatian oncology patients and assessed its use and value. The study was conducted between July 2019 and January 2020 at the Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Rijeka, with 143 cancer patients, using the linguistically validated Croatian version of the measure. All patients found the measure acceptable. Confirmatory factor analysis aligned with the structure found in previous studies. Cronbach's alpha confirmed internal consistency. Female participants scored higher on the RSG (Relationship with Someone or Something Greater), RG (Relationship with God), and EX (Existential) scales, and on Global-SWB. Patients with breast and gynecological tumors scored higher on RG. Older patients scored lower on RSG, RG and EX. Retirees and those with below-average incomes scored lower on EX. Participants who identified as having no religion scored lower on RSG. Stage I cancer patients scored higher on RG. The Croatian version of the EORTC QLQ-SWB32 is an acceptable, valid, and reliable measure of SWB for Croatian cancer patients.
Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija, posebno koordinirajuće tijelo međunarodnog javnog zdravstva Ujedinjenih naroda, ima izniman značaj u razvoju i unaprjeđenju javnog zdravstva na globalnoj razini te ...ove godine slavi 75 godina svog postojanja. Jedan od njezinih suosnivača i prvi predsjednik bio je Andrija Štampar. On je postavio deset glavnih postulata koji su i danas izrazito relevantni u kontekstu modernog javnozdravstvenog djelovanja. Do danas, Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija postigla je iznimne uspjehe na globalnoj razini, od usko usmjerenih, poput eradikacije velikih boginja, do sveobuhvatnijih, poput uvođenja Integrirane strategije vođenja dječjih bolesti. Donosimo pregled postignuća Andrije Štampara i Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije uz njihove današnje odjeke.
The World Health Organization, a special United Nations public health coordinatig body h a vital role in global public health development and improvement is celebrating its 75th anniversary. One of its founders and its first president was Andrija Štampar who created its 10 main postulates that are still extremely relevant. Until today, the World Health Organization has achieved extraordinary global feats, from narrowly focused ones, such as smallpox eradication, to wider-aiming ones, such as the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness strategy. We review the achievements and modern ripples of Andrija Štampar and the World Health Organization.
Cilj ovog rada je prikazati pregled dosadašnjih znanstvenih spoznaja o percepciji rizika zaraze HIV-om i drugim spolno prenosivim bolestima, kiberohondrije i zdravstvene pismenosti s naglaskom na ...trenutnu situaciju pandemije COVID-19. Republika Hrvatska je još uvijek zemlja niskog rizika epidemije HIV-a, dijelom zahvaljujući osnivanju 10 Centara za dobrovoljno, anonimno i besplatno savjetovanje i testiranje na HIV (CST). Percepcija rizika zaraze spolno prenosivom bolešću se opisuje kao vlastita procjena mogućnosti dobivanja iste. Zdravstvena ponašanja, pa tako i percepcija rizika, mogu se objasniti različitim modelima i teorijama, a jedan od prihvaćenih modela je socijalno-kognitivni model uvjerenja vezanih uz zdravlje (engl. Health Belief Model – HBM). Zdravstvena pismenost se definira kao osobne, kognitivne i socijalne vještine koje određuju sposobnost pojedinca da pristupi podacima o zdravlju, razumije ih i koristi. Kiberohodrija je anksiozni poremećaj karakteriziran ekscesivnim istraživanjem zdravstvenih sadržaja preko interneta. Pandemija COVID-19 je veliki događaj digitalne ere, uzimajući u obzir poremećaj izazvan u svim područjima života širom svijeta. Zbog izazvanog straha predstavlja plodno tlo za kiberohondriju.
The connection between socio-economic status and health is documented, yet not fully understood. The goal of this research was to analyze the relationship between socio-economic status, lifestyle and ...health status, availability of health-care, social capital, and satisfaction with life.
Subjects were 1117 women aged 25-65 years divided in two groups. Group 1 consisted of women who receive public assistance (N1=591), while Group 2 consisted of women who do not (N2=526). The sample was stratified by random choice into multiple stages based on six regions of Croatia, residential area size, and the age of respondents. Visiting nurses surveyed the deprived population, while in Group 2 self-interviewing was conducted. A questionnaire entitled "Inequalities in health" was used. The respondents participated in this research voluntarily and anonymously.
Socially deprived women consume spirits and wine more often (p<0.001). There is no difference between groups regarding tobacco consummation. Working women perform significantly less strenuous physical tasks (p<0.001). Deprived women are significantly less engaged in physical activities (p<0.001). Health conditions in deprived women more commonly limit their physical activity (p<0.001). There is a significant difference in utilization of health-care among groups (p<0.001). Younger women who are married, with a higher number of household members, a larger income, and with higher education are generally more satisfied with life (p<0.001). Although deprived women are significantly less satisfied with their lives, feel less free, are less physically active, and less likely to consume spirits or beer, they are significantly happier than working women (p<0.001).
Personal health status and lifestyle, access to health-care services, and life satisfaction have a high importance as predictors and protective factors of mental health in women - recipients of state-provided financial welfare.
This paper deliberates on the place and role of informed consent in everyday clinical laboratory practice. Taking into account international ethical guidelines such as the UNESCO Universal ...Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association, and Croatian national laws and codes such as the Act on the Protection of Patients' Rights, the Act on Medical Biochemistry, the Code of Ethics of Medical Biochemists and Medical Deontology, the Act on Healthcare Services, and the Code of Ethics of the Croatian Chamber of Healthcare Workers, an overview is given on the actual implementation of the aforementioned recommendations and regulations. A distinction between consent to a medical procedure and consent to enrolment in a research protocol is strongly stressed out. Special emphasis is placed on the role of specialists in laboratory medicine and masters of medical biochemistry in the process of obtaining informed consent. The design of an 'informed consent interview' is to be taken into consideration. Additional deliberation is needed on the option of 'broad consent'. It is concluded that informed consent should represent an important and routine activity within Croatian clinical laboratories.
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common tumours and one of the leading causes of death among women in all parts of the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of ...Nordic walking on the functional capacity of women who have undergone surgery for breast cancer. Methods: The study involved a cohort of women who exercised through Nordic walking for 10 weeks (from March to May 2022). The subjects trained with a licenced instructor (INWA method), with two training sessions per week of 70–80 min each. We collected information on pain, arm mobility, hand grip strength, shoulder joint range of motion bilaterally, circumference of both arms, body mass index, physical activity, aerobic capacity, and endurance. Results: There were 14 women, median age 63. BMI was significantly lower (28.9/28.1; p = 0.013) after training and a difference in shoulder range of motion was better (anteflexion right (142.5/170, p = 0.002), retroflexion right (40/60, p = 0.005), abduction right (135/180, p = 0.005), abduction left (135/180, p = 0.005)). There was no difference in right hand strength, while there was a significant difference in left hand strength (19/20, p = 0.007). A correlation was found between BMI and the six-minute walk test (r = −0.70; p = 0.005). Conclusions: Considering the multidimensionality of the disease itself and the results of this study, we believe that Nordic walking is a favourable and good choice of physical activity for breast cancer patients.
Cilj: Ispitati procjenu znanja o komunikaciji, emocijama i spolnom zdravlju učenika osmih razreda. Ustvrditi najčešće probleme. Učiniti usporedbu po spolu. Ispitanici i Metode: Ispitanici su 174 ...učenika (Ž = 97 (56 %)), što predstavlja 81 % od ukupne populacije učenika osmih razreda jedne osnovne škole u PGŽ-u (N = 214) kroz tri generacije. Prije početka i po završetku radionica provedena je anonimna anketa. Prva anketa procjenjivala je početno znanje učenika o temama kojima će se radionica baviti. Druga anketa ocjenjivala je korisnost radionica i služila analizi procesa. Rezultati: Prosječna dob iznosila je 14 (13 do 15) godina. Učenici o svojim problemima vrlo često razgovaraju s majkom (45 %), prijateljima (41 %), ocem (19 %) i braćom/sestrama (16,9 %). Većina učenika ne razgovara sa školskim liječnikom (85,8 %), obiteljskim liječnikom (79,2 %), stručnim službama škole (69,1 %) i razrednicima/profesorima (50 %). Učenici vrlo često razgovaraju o školi (45,8 %), prijateljima (31,7 %) i zdravlju (25,8 %). Najmanje razgovaraju o simpatijama (36,5 %), spolnosti (29,1 %) i emocijama (17,8 %). Učenici najčešće smatraju da o seksu posjeduju vrlo dobra (24,7 %) i izvrsna (35,3 %) znanja, kao i o komunikaciji, vrlo dobra (42,2 %) i izvrsna (25,8 %). Dobrim procjenjuju svoje znanje o zdravlju (37 %) i SPB-u (32,2 %). Dječaci smatraju da više znaju o seksu od djevojčica (20,6 % vs. 14,7 %, P = 0,004). Djevojčice smatraju da znaju više o emocijama (15,3 % vs. 3,7 %, P = 0,003). Radionice su ocijenjene kao korisne (92,5 %). Zaključci: Prema iskustvima radionica sadržaje bi trebalo obrađivati kroz zasebnu aktivnost, izvan postojećih predmeta, kontinuirano tijekom cijele godine, koristeći se evokacija/razumijevanje/refleksija okvirom za poučavanje, a kratkoročne ciljeve definirati prema karakteristikama pojedine grupe i rezultatima ankete. Reproduktivno zdravlje djece i mladih kompleksno je područje koje zahtijeva interdisciplinarni pristup.
This paper analyses the current situation in the Croatian health-care system, with special emphasis on the (dis)organization of palliative care within the public health, more precisely gerontology ...context. Namely, population world-wide is getting older, that is both a statistical and an everyday-medical fact. Today we consider citizens after the age of 65 as the elderly, with a tendency to move the age-limit to 75 years. Croatia on the matter swiftly follows global trends, while literature points to the fact that an increase in the elderly population dictates the need for an organized system of palliative care and hospice building. Although we cannot ignore the fact that children can become palliative care patients, we can conclude that these are predominantly elderly patients. In fact, approximately half of patients--users of palliative care--have some type of oncological diagnosis; a significant number of patients suffer from dementia, stroke, or heart failure. As for the Primorsko-goranska county and the City of Rijeka, they show similar trend, as can be illustrated with data from the 2011 census, when the share of citizens over 65 years in the population of the Primorsko-goranska county reached 18.91%, and in the population of the City of Rijeka 19.74%. Thus, one of the main quality-of-life issues in the Croatian senior population is the (dis)function of the palliative medicine/care system. Practice, namely, shows that there has still been no implementation. In particular, palliative medicine is not yet recognized as a speciality or sub-speciality, standards and norms for this activity are not set, palliative care is still not included in the system of obligatory health insurance, and as far as the national strategy of health policy for the area of palliative care, Croatian Government at its meeting held on 27th December 2013 finally adopted the "Strategic Plan for Palliative Care of the Republic of Croatia for the period from 2014 to 2016". Exactly because we are a decade behind European standards (Recommendation Rec (2003) 24 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the organization of palliative care), it is more than legitimate to place this subject at the centre of the current Croatian gerontology interest.
In the context of modern scientific and technological developments in biomedicine and health care, and the potential consequences of their application on humans and the environment, Potter's global ...bioethics concept resurfaces. By actualizing Potter's original thoughts on individual bioethical issues, the universality of two of his books, which today represent the backbone of the world bioethical literature, "Bioethics--Bridge to the Future" and "Global Bioethics: Building on the Leopold Legacy", is emphasized. Potter's global bioethics today can legitimately be viewed as a bridge between clinical personalized ethics on the one hand and ethics of public health on the other.
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