Objectives The goal of this study was to compare lecture and small-group discussion methods for educating medical students in emergency department. Methods Over a 2-year period, 155 fourth to ...fifth-year medical students in the emergency department were given educational sessions on basic life support (BLS) and adult advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS). These sessions were given by a single instructor in a traditional lecture format, in a small-group discussion, or in a combination of these two methods. Prior to the instructional sessions, students anonymously completed a 20-question multiple-choice examination on the covered topics. At the completion of sessions, students repeated the same multiple-choice examination. They also completed an evaluation form on the instructional format, using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). Results There was a significantly higher level of enjoyment in the combination group (lecture plus discussion), although there were no differences in the test scores immediately after the instructional sessions. Conclusions Medical students learning about BLS and ACLS preferred a combination of lecture and small-group discussions over traditional lectures or discussion groups. However, this preference did not lead to improved test scores on these subjects. Key words: Group discussion; lecture; teaching. Amac Bu calismanin amaci acil serviste tip ogrencilerinin egitiminde ders verme ve kucuk gruplu tartisma yontemlerini karsilastirmakti. Gerec ve Yontem Iki yil icinde toplam 155 dorduncu ve besinci sinif tip ogrencisi icin acil serviste temel yasam destegi (TYD) ve eriskinde ileri kardiyovaskuler yasam destegi (IKYD) uzerine egitsel toplantilar duzenlenmistir. Bu toplantilarda tek bir egitmen geleneksel ders formati, kucuk gruplu tartisma veya bu iki yontemin kombinasyonunu uygulamistir. Egitsel toplantilardan once ogrenciler adlarini yazmadan kapsanan konular hakkinda 20 soruluk coktan secmeli bir sinavdan gecmistir. Dersler tamamlandiginda ogrenciler tekrar ayni coktan secmeli sinavdan gecmistir. Ogrenciler ayrica, 1 (kesinlikle olumlu) ila 5 (kesinlikle olumsuz) arasi puanlama yapan Likert olcegini kullanarak bir egitimi degerlendirme formunu doldurmustur. Bulgular Kombinasyon grubundan (ders arti tartisma) anlamli derecede daha cok hoslanilmasina ragmen egitsel oturumlardan hemen sonra test puanlarinda hicbir farklilik yoktu. Sonuc TYD ve IKYD konularini ogrenen tip ogrencileri geleneksel ders ve tartisma gruplari yerine ders ve kucuk gruplu tartismalarin kombinasyonunu tercih etmistir. Ancak bu tercih bu konularda test puanlarinin iyilesmesine yol acmamistir. Anahtar sozcukler: Grup tartismasi; ders; ogretim.
Adipokines in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Al Nefaie , Sahar M; Al Nashar , Nihad; Al Margushi , Nesreen ...
The Egyptian journal of hospital medicine,
01/2014, Letnik:
54
Journal Article
The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether adding 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and 2.6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement would affect its setting time (ST), or ...not.
In this study, the setting time of CEM cement was evaluated in three groups (n=9) as follows: group 1; CEM cement, group 2; CEM cement+2% CHX and group 3; CEM cement+2.6% NaOCl. Then the mean values of ST were calculated and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normal distribution of data. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was set at 0.05.
The mean ST for groups 1, 2 and 3 were 105, 120 and 220 min, respectively. There was a significant increase in the duration of ST in group 3 (NaOCl) in comparison with the two other groups (P<0.05).
NaOCl significantly increased the ST of CEM cement, whereas chlorhexidine did not alter the ST.
BACKGROUNDPatients with spinal cord injury (SCI) deal with various restrictive factors regarding their clothing, such as disability and difficulty with access to shopping centers.OBJECTIVEWe designed ...a questionnaire to assess attention to clothing and impact of its restrictive factors among Iranian patients with SCI (ACIRF-SCI).METHODSThe ACIRF-SCI has 5 domains: functional, medical, attitude, aesthetic, and emotional. The first 3 domains reflect the impact of restrictive factors (factors that restrict attention to clothing), and the last 2 domains reflect attention to clothing and fashion. Functional restrictive factors include disability and dependence. Medical restrictive factors include existence of specific medical conditions that interfere with clothing choice. Construct validity was assessed by factorial analysis, and reliability was expressed by Cronbach's alpha.RESULTSA total of 100 patients (75 men and 25 women) entered this study. Patients with a lower injury level had a higher total score (P < .0001), and similarly, patients with paraplegia had higher scores than those with tetraplegia (P < .0001), which illustrates an admissible discriminant validity. Postinjury duration was positively associated with total scores (r = 0.21, P = .04). Construct validity was 0.97, and Cronbach's alpha was 0.61.CONCLUSIONSIranian patients with SCI who have greater ability and independence experience a lower impact of restrictive factors related to clothing. The ACIRF-SCI reveals that this assumption is statistically significant, which shows its admissible discriminant validity. The measured construct validity (0.97) and reliability (internal consistency expressed by alpha = 0.61) are acceptable.
Background: Hemiplegia is a condition, caused by brain injury that results in a varying degree of weakness, stiffness and lack of control in one side of the body. Aim to assess the informal ...caregivers’ knowledge, practice, attitude and health problems regarding patient with hemiplegia. Design: A descriptive research design was used in this study. Sample: A purposive sample equal (285) informal caregivers’ of patients with hemiplegia. Setting: This study was conducted in stroke outpatient clinic in 15 May hospital- Helwan-Egypt. Tools: One tool used interviewing questionnaire sheet composed of 5 parts;( demographic data of patient and informal caregivers’, knowledge of informal caregivers’ about hemiplegia, the reported practice of the informal caregivers’ about the hemiplegia, the attitude of informal caregivers’ about the hemiplegia and the informal caregivers’ health problems. Results: the study result revealed that 50% of the studied sample had poor knowledge, 40 % of the studied sample had satisfactory practice, 45.0% of them had negative attitude regarding patient with hemiplegia and 75.0% of caregivers complain of health problems.
In this paper, we present a new multi-branch neural network that simultaneously performs soft biometric (SB) prediction as an auxiliary modality and face recognition (FR) as the main task. Our ...proposed network named AAFace utilizes SB attributes to enhance the discriminative ability of FR representation. To achieve this goal, we propose an attribute-aware attentional integration (AAI) module to perform weighted integration of FR with SB feature maps. Our proposed AAI module is not only fully context-aware but also capable of learning complex relationships between input features by means of the sequential multi-scale channel and spatial sub-modules. Experimental results verify the superiority of our proposed network compared with the state-of-the-art (SoTA) SB prediction and FR methods.
In recent years, face recognition systems have achieved exceptional success due to promising advances in deep learning architectures. However, they still fail to achieve expected accuracy when ...matching profile images against a gallery of frontal images. Current approaches either perform pose normalization (i.e., frontalization) or disentangle pose information for face recognition. We instead propose a new approach to utilize pose as an auxiliary information via an attention mechanism. In this paper, we hypothesize that pose attended information using an attention mechanism can guide contextual and distinctive feature extraction from profile faces, which further benefits a better representation learning in an embedded domain. To achieve this, first, we design a unified coupled profile-to-frontal face recognition network. It learns the mapping from faces to a compact embedding subspace via a class-specific contrastive loss. Second, we develop a novel pose attention block (PAB) to specially guide the pose-agnostic feature extraction from profile faces. To be more specific, PAB is designed to explicitly help the network to focus on important features along both channel and spatial dimension while learning discriminative yet pose invariant features in an embedding subspace. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conduct experiments on both controlled and in the wild benchmarks including Multi-PIE, CFP, IJBC, and show superiority over the state of the arts.
In this paper, we seek to draw connections between the frontal and profile face images in an abstract embedding space. We exploit this connection using a coupled-encoder network to project ...frontal/profile face images into a common latent embedding space. The proposed model forces the similarity of representations in the embedding space by maximizing the mutual information between two views of the face. The proposed coupled-encoder benefits from three contributions for matching faces with extreme pose disparities. First, we leverage our pose-aware contrastive learning to maximize the mutual information between frontal and profile representations of identities. Second, a memory buffer, which consists of latent representations accumulated over past iterations, is integrated into the model so it can refer to relatively much more instances than the mini-batch size. Third, a novel pose-aware adversarial domain adaptation method forces the model to learn an asymmetric mapping from profile to frontal representation. In our framework, the coupled-encoder learns to enlarge the margin between the distribution of genuine and imposter faces, which results in high mutual information between different views of the same identity. The effectiveness of the proposed model is investigated through extensive experiments, evaluations, and ablation studies on four benchmark datasets, and comparison with the compelling state-of-the-art algorithms.
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