The 2010 British Petroleum (BP) Deepwater Horizon oil spill highlighted long-standing questions about energy exploration and its social and environmental implications. Sociologists studying ...environmental disasters have documented the social impacts resulting from these events and dissatisfaction with government and industry responses. In this paper, we use data from a survey conducted during the Gulf of Mexico oil spill to examine how Louisiana and Florida residents' social backgrounds, experiences with the spill, and trust in information sources predict their perceptions of governmental and BP response efforts. We find that direct personal impacts and compensation strongly influence the evaluations of responding organizations. Age and place of residence also predict such assessments. Finally, levels of confidence in television news and BP as sources of information appear to shape Gulf Coast residents' opinions about the work of organizations responding to the Deepwater Horizon disaster.
► We surveyed Gulf Coast residents regarding the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. ► We explore residents' views about organizational actors responding to the spill. ► Age, race, income, political party, and place of residence all influence opinions. ► Direct family impacts and receipt of compensation from BP also shape views. ► Loss of trust in information sources erodes support for responding actors.
The Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) experimental program supports the US inertial confinement fusion (ICF) effort by investigating the requirements for attaining ignition using direct drive ...targets. The primary tool for this research is OMEGA, a 60-beam, 351-nm, Nd:glass laser with an on-target energy capability in excess of 30 kJ. The laser is designed to ultimately achieve an irradiation uniformity of ∼1% on direct-drive capsules with shaped laser pulses (dynamic range>400:1). In addition, OMEGA provides unique capabilities for irradiating indirect-drive targets. This paper reports on a number of recent laser enhancements, including a new design for distributed phase plates (DPPs), two-dimensional smoothing by spectral dispersion (2-D SSD), distributed polarization rotators (DPRs) and laser pulse shaping. A variety of spherical-implosion, planar-target, and indirect-drive experiments attest to the versatility of the OMEGA laser. A key result is the highest thermonuclear yield (10
14 neutrons) and yield efficiency (1% of scientific breakeven) ever attained in laser fusion experiments.
The Personal Equation Safford, T. H.
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
1896-Aug-07, Letnik:
4, Številka:
84
Journal Article
On the U. S. Naval Observatory Safford, Truman Henry
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
1899-Aug-04, Letnik:
10, Številka:
240
Journal Article
Thermoregulatory variables were measured in captive beluga and killer whales to confirm earlier work on smaller cetaceans. Whales had body temperatures within mammalian range and maintained a ...skin-water temperature difference of about 2° C. Heat-loss coefficients were less than that reported for humans. Thermal conductance may be greater than or equal to small cetaceans and humans. The larger killer whales had smaller surface-area-to-volume ratios than the belugas, as expected. However, the largest whales of each species had a greater surface area devoted to the appendages. Respiratory evaporative energy losses were small owing to expired air that was cooler than core temperature and that was unsaturated with water vapor. Basal or resting metabolic rate was higher than expected for animals of their body weight. The best-fit regression equation for our data was metabolic rate =$0.88 mass^{1.06}$. It is not clear whether increased metabolic rates were necessary to compensate for heat loss or, conversely, higher heat-loss coefficients are necessary to dump heat generated by high metabolic rates and a small surface-area-to-volume ratio.
The Chicago Observatory SAFFORD, T. H; DUNKIN, EDWIN
Nature (London),
1872, Letnik:
5, Številka:
121
Journal Article
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A LETTER, signed by one of the Professors of the University of Chicago, commenting on the impoverished state of the Chicago Observatory since the great fire in that city, having had an extensive ...circulation through the Press, I have to request the favour of the insertion in your columns of the following statement on the subject, just received by the Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society from the Director of the University, Prof. T. H. Safford.
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